重力式网箱数值模拟时波浪理论选择

针对重力式网箱数值模拟中波浪理论选择问题进行了专门的分析与讨论。在数值模型中分别采用线性波浪理论和斯托克斯五阶波浪理论,对重力式网箱的主要部件浮架系统和网衣系统进行模拟。通过将模拟结果与试验结果比较分析选取两种不同波浪理论对模拟结果的影响。分析结果认为在相对水深大于0.18情况下,应用线性波浪理论基本可以准确地模拟重力式网箱波浪作用下的运动和受力。     

Production and respiration control the marine microbial metabolic balance in the eastern North Atlantic subtropical gyre

Two main contrasted hypotheses have arisen during the last decades about the factors controlling the planktonic net metabolic balance in oligotrophic waters: gross primary production controls net community production vs. variability of net community production is also influenced by changes in microbial respiration. This work discusses both hypotheses analyzing the variability of metabolic rates along a gradient from the margin to the centre of the North Atlantic oligotrophic gyre, i.e. from relatively productive to more oligotrophic conditions. Net community production (NCP) was close to zero (between −3.34 and −11.77 mmol O₂ m⁻² d⁻¹) at the margin of the gyre and tended towards net heterotrophy (−44.03 mmol O₂ m⁻² d⁻¹) to the centre of the gyre as both gross primary production (GPP) and community respiration (CR) decreased. The strong relationships found between nutrient availability and both NCP and GPP suggest that factors controlling GPP are prevalent in determining NCP variability in this biogeographic region. However implementation of existing models to predict NCP from the measured GPP indicates that the precise estimation of NCP in different oligotrophic systems requires consideration of the magnitude and variability of microbial respiration rates.     

地震信息资源的开发利用

探索了网络环境下地震信息的开发利用,提出了加快发展的对策。     

A simple accelerated rock weathering method to predict acid generation kinetics

The development of effective, and economical pre-development waste rock management plans requires an accurate estimate of the quality of drainage generated during mining. This study was conducted to determine if a simple accelerated rock weathering method with lower capital and personnel costs can be used in lieu of the elaborate and costly ASTM method to predict the quality of drainage generated. It involves subjecting rock samples to a constant relative humidity and temperature for 7 days and leach flooding the weathered samples on the 7th day. The acid production rate from the new weathering method correlates quite well with the net neutralization potential generated from the standard acid-base accounting procedure (R²=0.940) which has been demonstrated to be correct 90% of the time in assessing overburden quality, and a mineralogical method (R²=0.924). For investigators interested in generating weathering kinetic parameters, the simple and less costly accelerated weathering method is proposed.     

气候变化对中国中纬度半干旱草原生产力影响机理的模拟研究

应用大气植被相互作用模式(AVIM)模拟了内蒙古半干旱草原的净初级生产力和生物量。在此基础上,通过气温和降水变化的敏感性控制试验探讨了气候变化对草地初级生产力的影响机理。研究表明,无论是降水或温度的变化对草地的生产力都有显著影响。降水增加,生产力增加。而温度增加,生产力下降。气候变化对生产力影响的机理是:降水增加改善了土壤的水分供给条件,增强了光合速率,从而提高了生产力。温度增高,一方面可以增加光合速率,另一方面却使蒸散加强,土壤变干,光合速率下降,而后一作用过程在半干旱地区大于前者,因而温度增高使生产力下降。单一气候因子敏感性试验表明,温度增高或降低2℃,年净初级生产力(NPP)变化约20%,中纬度半干旱草地地上生物量可以改变30%以上。降水量变化50%,年NPP改变37%,地上生物量将改变近30%。     

长螺旋混凝土压灌桩在地基处理中的应用

茂名石化100万t/a乙烯改扩建工程场地位于破碎带上，场区地质条件复杂。在厂区地基处理中，采用长螺旋混凝土压灌施工方法。施工过程中严格对正桩孔，控制转速，按比例合理配制混凝土，并针对该类型桩施工中常见的7种质量缺陷提出了相应解决方案和控制措施。     

山东刚玉及蓝宝石中天然包裹体的形态与分布特征研究

山东刚玉及蓝宝石中含有大量晶体包裹体和两相、三相包裹体，并沿特定面网和裂理面分布。单个晶体内的显微包裹体数以亿万计，其中两相和三相包裹体的形态十分复杂。     

地下连续墙钢筋笼吊装参数的验算与选择

通过对哈尔滨地铁2号线工人文化宫站地下连续墙钢筋笼长度及厚度的研究,工程钢筋笼长度长,厚度小,整体刚度小。介绍了采用15点起吊的吊装技术,并通过对其吊点、钢丝绳、扁担等参数的验算与选择,提供了一种经济、合理、科学、安全的吊装方法,对类似地下连续墙钢筋笼吊装具有一定的指导意义。     

WQS网络通信系统应急备用系统的设计思路

从气象通信实时业务角度出发，根据目前业务环境状况，充分利用现有微机设备，提出了一种投入少、见效快、便于维护管理的ＷＱＳ网络通信系统的应急备用系统设计思路。从技术路线建设的可行性及方法上，对该设计思路作了比较详细、具体的阐述。     

Electron density distribution and bond critical point properties for forsterite, Mg2 SiO4, determined with synchrotron single crystal X-ray diffraction data

A generalized X-ray scattering factor model experimental electron density distribution has been generated for the orthosilicate forsterite, using an essentially extinction and absorption free set of single crystal diffraction data recorded with intense, high energy synchrotron X-ray radiation (E=100.6 keV). A refinement of the model converged with an R(F)=0.0061. An evaluation of the bond critical point, bcp, properties of the distribution at the (3, –1) stationary points for the SiO and MgO bonded interactions, yielded values that agree typically within ~5%, on average, with theoretical values generated with quantum chemical computational strategies, using relatively robust basis sets. On the basis of this result, the modeling of the experimental distribution is considered to be adequate. As the bcp properties increase in magnitude, the MgO and SiO bonds decrease in length as calculated for a number of rock forming silicates. As asserted by Coppens (X-ray charge densities and chemical bonding. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997), large negative ²(r_c) values, characteristic of shared interactions involving first row atoms, may not be characteristic of closed shell covalent bonded interactions involving second row Si, P and S atoms bonded to O. This study adds new evidence to the overall relatively good agreement between theoretical bcp properties generated with computational quantum strategies, on the one hand, and experimental properties generated with single crystal high energy synchrotron diffraction data on the other. The similarity of results not only provides a basis for using computational strategies for studying and modeling structures, defects and the reactivity of representative structures, but it also provides a basis for improving our understanding of the crystal chemistry of earth materials and the character of the SiO bonded interaction.