碱性玄武岩中长石巨晶的结构水：红外光谱和核磁共振谱研究

运用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术（ＦＴＩＲ,红外区和近红外区）和质子魔角旋转核磁共振技术（＾１ＨＭＡＳＮＭＲ）对来自安徽女山,江苏盘石山和河北汉诺坝新生代大恶性玄武岩中的４个歪长石巨晶进行了观察,结果显示,这些巨晶含有结构水,主要以Ｈ２Ｏ的形式存在,其中３个样品的结构水含量（Ｈ２Ｏ）分别为４０５μｇ／ｇ,９１５μｇ／ｇ,μｇ／ｇ。这些数据和文献中已有的资源表明,名义上无水的长石族矿物可以是地球上的水储库     

核磁测井数据弛豫谱反演软件研究

简单介绍了核磁测井数据弛豫谱反演方法原理 ,用混合编程方法和动态连接库技术 ,将用FORTRAN语言编写的核心处理模块转换为动态连接库 ,并在C++语言中动态调用。应用快速应用程序开发工具完成了图形用户界面的核磁测井数据处理软件设计。     

核磁共振在孔南官195断块剩余油挖潜中的应用

大港油田孔南官195断块单井日产能力较低,层间层内矛盾恶化,部分油组水淹严重,剩余油分布规律认识不清.利用核磁共振技术,从微观角度研究不同流动单元的驱油特点和剩余油分布特点.研究发现:I类流动单元样品驱油效率比Ⅱ类流动单元高7.47%,但Ⅱ类流动单元样品水驱后聚合物驱油效率提高6.35%,剩余油主要分布于油层动用程度差的流动单元中.在完善注采系统基础上,挖潜时对I、Ⅱ类流动单元通过层间卡封和堵水调剖挖掘中上部剩余油,对Ⅲ、Ⅳ类流动单元采取补孔、打新井方式提高储量动用程度.采取一系列挖潜措施后,预计官195断块最终采收率将能提高5.1%.     

地面核磁共振响应数值模拟研究

模型响应的数值计算是地面核磁共振勘探的一个重要组成部分，作者在本文中给出了地面核磁共振数值计算方法。在文中，作者借助直接数值积分方法，对回线源产生的磁场轴向和垂向分量进行计算，并采用不等间距空间坐标剖分技术，对地面核磁共振积分方程进行数值积分。利用这些计算方法，计算了在均匀导电半空间中的某一深度上，磁场的垂向分量沿轴向变化曲线，并给出了两层导电模型中存在一层含水层的地电模型的地面模磁共振响应的数值模拟结果。采用在本文中介绍的数值计算技术，可成功地进行一维含水模型地面核磁共振信号的数值计算。     

顺磁性物质对冻土核磁共振信号的影响

顺磁性物质的磁化率会随着温度的变化而变化,其引起的磁性不均匀对核磁共振信号有一定的影响.当利用NMR(核磁共振)技术研究冻土冻融物性特征时,冻土中所含的顺磁性物质造成的影响不容忽视.结合目前国内外冻土室内物性试验的研究情况,将顺磁性物质Fe2O3与马兰黄土混合,配制成Fe2O3含量不同、初始含水量相同的各样本,研究其弛豫特性.通过分析各样品的核磁共振信号幅值及横向弛豫时间随温度的变化特征,得到顺磁性物质含量对冻土核磁共振信号的影响规律.结果表明,顺磁性物质能够使孔隙介质中的流体弛豫时间显著减小,并在正温区间顺磁性物质的含量与横向弛豫时间满足某种经验关系式;顺磁性物质也使流体的核磁共振信号幅值显著减小,两者间也满足某种经验关系式;同时,在利用NMR技术分析冻土未冻水含量及孔渗结构时,顺磁性物质的存在会给计算结果带来一定的误差.     

地面核磁共振正则化反演方法研究

不同的模型约束对基于正则化反演技术的地面核磁共振测深数据反演影响很大。利用理论数据讨论了平坦模型和光滑模型约束及与之相关的正则化参数对反演结果的影响规律。模拟表明,无论是高信噪比数据,还是低信噪比数据,反演的含水量在小正则化参数时,对模型约束的依赖性不大,主要受正则化参数影响。大正则化参数时反演分辨率低,而小正则化参数在保证数据拟合精度提高的同时,增加了模型的分辨率,能获得更可靠的含水量分布。     

核磁共振成像技术定量分析粘土矿物对油气二次运移过程的影响

本文利用核磁共振成像技术定量分析油气运移含油饱和度变化,首次获得了玻璃珠孔隙介质中粘土矿物（伊利石）含量变化时油饱和度变化的规律,通过对实验数据的总结,得到以下结论：①油气运移通道具有不均一性,但随着粘土含量的增加,油气运移通道上残余油饱和度增加,初始部分（指实验中油未发生运移时油占据的部分）残余油的含油饱和度亦增加;②由于初始部分残余油饱和度和运移通道上的残余油饱和度都变大。因此,粘土矿物的存在,使得残余油饱和度增加,最终降低了油气聚集的效率,不利于油气运移聚集。     

Chemical structures of coal lithotypes before and after CO2 adsorption as investigated by advanced solid-state C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Four lithotypes (vitrain, bright clarain, clarain, and fusain) of a high volatile bituminous Springfield Coal from the Illinois Basin were characterized using advanced solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The NMR techniques included quantitative direct polarization/magic angle spinning (DP/MAS), cross polarization/total sideband suppression (CP/TOSS), dipolar dephasing, CH_n selection, and recoupled C-H long-range dipolar dephasing techniques. The lithotypes that experienced high-pressure CO₂ adsorption isotherm analysis were also analyzed to determine possible changes in coal structure as a result of CO₂ saturation at high pressure and subsequent evacuation. The main carbon functionalities present in original vitrain, bright clarain, clarain and fusain were aromatic carbons (65.9%-86.1%), nonpolar alkyl groups (9.0%-28.9%), and aromatic C-O carbons (4.1%-9.5%). Among these lithotypes, aromaticity increased in the order of clarain, bright clarain, vitrain, and fusain, whereas the fraction of alkyl carbons decreased in the same order. Fusain was distinct from other three lithotypes in respect to its highest aromatic composition (86.1%) and remarkably small fraction of alkyl carbons (11.0%). The aromatic cluster size in fusain was larger than that in bright clarain. The lithotypes studied responded differently to high pressure CO₂ saturation. After exposure to high pressure CO₂, vitrain and fusain showed a decrease in aromaticity but an increase in the fraction of alkyl carbons, whereas bright clarain and clarain displayed an increase in aromaticity but a decrease in the fraction of alkyl carbons. Aromatic fused-rings were larger for bright clarain but smaller for fusain in the post-CO₂ adsorption samples compared to the original lithotypes. These observations suggested chemical CO₂-coal interactions at high pressure and the selectivity of lithotypes in response to CO₂ adsorption.     

Chemical structural models for coalified wood (vitrinite) in low rank coal

Examination of a series of coalified gymnospermous woods ranging in rank from brown coal to subbituminous coal by solid-state ¹³C NMR and analytical pyrolysis has provided sufficient information to construct structural models depicting the changes that occur to lignin, the primary precursor of vitrinite, during coalification. Progressive changes in the chemistry of coalified wood suggest the following series of reactions: (1) demethylation to form catechol-like structures that are dominant components of brown coal and lignite A; (2) cleavage of aryl ether linkages to form phenols and reactive carbocations that alkylate the catechol rings; (3) dehydration of the catechol rings; (3) dehydration of the catechol-like structures to form the structures of subbituminous coal dominated by alkylphenols; and (4) reduction of the 3-carbon alkyl side chain derived from lignin to form propyl substituents. The models developed for each stage of coalification are derived from chemical modifications of the structure of lignin.