应用C/S与B/S混合结构的矿产资源管理信息系统

为了利用GIS对矿产资源进行有效的管理,对C/S和B/S两种网络体系结构进行了比较分析,并简单介绍了两种模式开发平台ArcEngine和ArcGIS Server。在GIS技术和数据库技术的支持下,对系统进行设计开发,实现了基于C/S和B/S混合结构的平顶山矿产资源管理系统。     

基于SuperMap GIS的连锁超市选址辅助决策系统研发

随着商业的发展,大型连锁超市越来越成气候,门店选址也日显重要。选址的好坏,直接关系到将来门店经营能否成功。     

B/S结构的土地登记管理系统研究

国土资源管理信息化、网络化是政府部门网上工程的一项重要内容之一。本文在分析土地登记发证的图文一体化办公基础上,根据新的功能需求,结合.NET技术、ESRI最新GIS组件产品(ArcGIS Server,ArcSDE),提出了建立基于Web GIS技术的网络国土资源信息系统的实现方案。系统运行证明了网络电子办公势在必行,无论对国土部门还是社会大众都是有益的。     

自适应卡尔曼滤波在GPS/DR组合导航中的应用

针对在观测条件较差的情况下卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒性较差,本文设计了一种自适应卡尔曼滤波模型。通过实际车载GPS/DR组合导航试验,结果表明该模型在观测质量较差的情况下能够抑制较大的偏差,相对于标准卡尔曼滤波模型,其平面定位精度提高了近一倍,达到2～3m。因此,在观测环境较差的情况下建议采用渐消自适应卡尔曼滤波模式进行组合导航。     

TOPEX/Poseidon卫星监测博斯腾湖水位变化及其与NINO3 SST的相关性分析

利用TOPEX/Poseidon(T/P)卫星10年（1992~2002）监测博斯腾湖水位变化的GDR数据,经过数据的地球物理改正、编辑、约化和滤波后,分别采用小波分析和傅里叶分析得到了博斯腾湖水位变化的平均周期为1034d,363d,182d和47d。季节性变化是湖泊水位变化的主项,利用最小二乘法得到了周年振幅为0.7196m,半年振幅为0.5322m,因此季节性变化的主周期是周年,次周期是半年。博斯腾湖水位变化变化趋势为0.2012m/a,说明在全球气候变暖趋势下,博斯腾湖水位在升高。由博斯腾湖月水位变化的时间序列与NINO3 SST进行相关性分析,发现在NINO3 SST 发生6个月后,博斯腾湖月水位变化序列与NINO3 SST数据相关性最大(-0.2784),表明厄尔尼诺事件对我国西部气候影响的具有一定的滞后性。     

The Impact of Soil Freezing/Thawing Processes on Water and Energy Balances

A frozen soil parameterization coupling of thermal and hydrological processes is used to investigate how frozen soil processes affect water and energy balances in seasonal frozen soil. Simulation results of soil liquid water content and temperature using soil model with and without the inclusion of freezing and thawing processes are evaluated against observations at the Rosemount field station. By comparing the simulated water and heat fluxes of the two cases, the role of phase change processes in the water and energy balances is analyzed. Soil freezing induces upward water flow towards the freezing front and increases soil water content in the upper soil layer. In particular, soil ice obviously prevents and delays the infiltration during rain at Rosemount. In addition, soil freezingthawing processes alter the partitioning of surface energy fluxes and lead the soil to release more sensible heat into the atmosphere during freezing periods.     

Degradation Pathway of the Photochemical Oxidation of Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) in the UV/H2O2-process

The degradation pathway for the oxidation of EDTA in the UV/H₂O₂-process was investigated. In absence of iron ions, the mineralization of EDTA is dominated by the reaction of the HO-radicals generated by the photolysis of H₂O₂. The organic degradation products iminodiacetate (IMDA), glycinate, oxamate, glyoxylate, oxalate and formate, and the inorganic degradation products carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and cyanate were found. In the presence of iron ions, photolytic decarboxylation processes inside the complex get an important role during degradation, and the organic degradation products ethylenediaminetriacetate (ED3A), ethylenediaminediacetate (EDDA), ethylenediaminemonoacetate (EDMA) were also found. By combining product studies with balances of carbon and nitrogen, the degradation pathway in the UV/H₂O₂-process could be elucidated. The degradation of EDTA was fast (k_deg = 0.012 s^–1), and no toxic degradation products were identified. Therefore, the process is well suited for the elimination of EDTA in water treatment.     

Determination of Polar Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Samples of Former Ammunition Sites in Lower Saxony by Means of HPLC/Photodiode Array Detection (HPLC/PDA) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ( 1H-NMR)

Leachate, ground-, and surface water from former ammunition sites and areas which are known to be contaminated by nitroaromatic compounds in Lower Saxony (Germany) were investigated in order to identify and quantify acidic nitroaromatic compounds (e.g., nitrobenzoic acids, aminonitrobenzoic acids, nitrophenols, and nitrocresols). Acidic and neutral nitroaromatic compounds were enriched by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on a polystyrenedivinylbenzene copolymer and routinely screened for acidic compounds by means of HPLC/photodiode array detection (HPLC/PDA). Qualitative and quantitative results obtained in this way were corroborated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR). Validation data for the quantification procedure using this technique are given. The results show that all samples contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and related compounds are also contaminated by acidic nitroaromatic compounds (e.g., 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid, 3,5-dinitrophenol, and especially with 2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzoic acid) in the μg/L range. This current work shows that 1 H-NMR allows the quantitative determination of protoncarrying analytes in mixtures after solid-phase extraction down to the upper ng/L range after addition of an internal standard to the SPE extract. This is even possible when reference compounds are not commercially available.     

FY-3/MERSI卫星资料监测淮河水体方法及应用

在考虑水体与其它地物光谱特征差异及FY-3/MERSI通道光谱和空间分辨率特点的基础上,介绍了利用FY-3/MERSI进行水体识别及水体变化信息检测的方法。以淮河流域为例,利用FY-3/MERSI对2016年6月底至7月中旬降水过程前后水体变化信息进行了监测,并利用相近时间成像的50m空间分辨率的高分四号卫星对水体监测结果进行了对比分析,说明了本文方法的有效性。最后给出了利用我国卫星遥感资料进行水体变化监测需要进一步研究的方向。     

1977 - 2017年雅江流域中下游大气/地面冻融指数时空变化特征

冻结指数是某个地区冻结期长短和严寒程度的综合表征, 融化指数是某个地区融化期长短及正积温高低的综合度量, 冻融指数也是计算活动层厚度和季节冻结深度的关键参数, 并可用于多年冻土分布预报。利用雅鲁藏布江（雅江）流域中下游11个气象站点的逐日气温、 地面温度数据计算了1977 - 2017年大气及地面冻融指数, 并分析其时空变化趋势。结果表明： 雅江流域中下游近40年来冻结指数呈显著下降趋势, 大气冻结指数、 地面冻结指数、 大气融化指数、 地面融化指数多年变化范围分别为208.4 ~ 508.0、 136.9 ~ 371.0、 2 171.8 ~ 2 499.8、 3 350.2 ~ 4 315.2 ℃·d; 其气候倾斜率分别为-36.6、 -48.7、 90.7、 115.8 ℃·d·（10a）^-1。雅江流域大气和地面冻结指数以海拔4 488.8 m的嘉黎最大, 海拔2 991.9 m的林芝最小; 大气和地面融化指数则以海拔3 560 m的泽当最大, 海拔4 488.8 m的嘉黎最小。流域内大气负温日数变化规律与地面负温日数变化趋势基本一致, 其气候倾向率分别是-6.28 d·（10a）^-1和-5.57 d·（10a）^-1。研究结果可为雅江流域冻土预报, 冻融作用所形成的冰缘地貌研究及其引发的地质灾害如冻融滑塌、 冻融泥流等灾害的监测与预防提供借鉴。