Undrained monotonic response of sand–silt mixtures: effect of nonplastic fines

The effect of non-plastic fines (silt) on the undrained monotonic response of saturated and isotropically consolidated sand specimens prepared to various measures of their density was studied in detail through various approaches namely gross void ratio approach, relative density approach, sand skeleton void ratio approach, and interfine void ratio approach. Specimens of 50 mm in diameter and 100 mm in height were tested at a rate of loading of 0.6 mm/min for this purpose. The limiting silt content and the relative density of a specimen were found to influence the undrained monotonic response of sand–silt mixtures to a great extent. Undrained monotonic response was observed to be independent of silt content at very high relative densities; however the presence of fines significantly influenced this response of loose to medium dense specimens. Individual and combined analyses of undrained monotonic peak strengths which are closely related to the liquefaction related problems have been done in this paper to assess the variation patterns.     

饱和孔隙弹性介质中的Rayleigh波及一维动力学问题

本文依饱和孔隙介质动力学的基本方程组,对Rayleigh波在二相介质中的传播及一维土层动力学问题进行了探讨。数值计算表明:Rayleigh波速度在饱和孔隙弹性介质中大大小于在非饱和弹性介质中传播的速度;一维土层地面位移对有惯性力作用(a≠0)与忽略惯性力作用(a=0)也有很大差异。并对一维土层在阶梯形加载、脉冲式加载、正弦加载状态进行求解,为在实践中定性估计地基由于这类荷载作用产生的运动性态提供参考。     

地形特征线提取方法的研究进展

地形与地貌是数字地形分析中重要的自然地理要素,数字高程模型中蕴含着丰富的地形地貌信息,从中提取地形特征线信息是当前地学研究的热点之一。目前,很多学者使用不同的方法来研究地形特征线的提取,但是仍然存在着许多不足之处。本文对这些方法进行了介绍,对各种方法的研究现状展开综述并分析了优点和不足,最后对特征线提取方法存在的主要问题进行总结和展望。     

3D tree modeling from incomplete point clouds via optimization and L1-MST

Reconstruction of 3D trees from incomplete point clouds is a challenging issue due to their large variety and natural geometric complexity. In this paper, we develop a novel method to effectively model trees from a single laser scan. First, coarse tree skeletons are extracted by utilizing the L₁-median skeleton to compute the dominant direction of each point and the local point density of the point cloud. Then we propose a data completion scheme that guides the compensation for missing data. It is an iterative optimization process based on the dominant direction of each point and local point density. Finally, we present a L₁-minimum spanning tree (MST) algorithm to refine tree skeletons from the optimized point cloud, which integrates the advantages of both L₁-median skeleton and MST algorithms. The proposed method has been validated on various point clouds captured from single laser scans. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our method for coping with complex shapes of branching structures and occlusions.     

国道321线七宝莲边坡失稳机制与整治措施

对国道321线七宝莲边坡的气候、地质、地貌、水文等条件进行了综合分析，认为该边坡是潜伏着危险的不稳定边坡，其中地质构造、岩体结构、地表水和地下水作用是边坡变表破坏的主要影响因素，建议采用预应力框架挡土墙对边坡进行加固的防护措施。     

基于数学形态学的矿图扫描图像文字和符号的自动分离

从矿图扫描图像中实现线划图形与文字注记及点状符号的相互分离,是矿图扫描识别数字化技术的基本要求。本文依据数学形诚学原理,根据文字,符号自身的几何和拓扑特征,构造了系列形态变换模型,使用这些模型对扫描图像进行逐步处理,可从图像中自动地删除不同大小,方向及排列方式的文字和符号,从而得到分离的图形要素与文字,符号图像。实验结果表明,所构造的模型对独立文字和符号的分离十分有效。     

Ecology of the Symbiotic Coral Cladocora caespitosa (L.) (Faviidae, Scleractinia) in the Bay of Piran (Adriatic Sea): I. Distribution and Biometry

Abstract. Cladocora caespitosa is a relatively common, colonial, symbiotic, scleractinian coral in the Mediterranean Sea. It inhabits a wide ecological range: hard and soft bottoms, shallow waters or depths to about 50m, calm water or sites exposed to strong currents and wave action. The present study compares the distribution of this coral at two sites, one shallow (3m — wave exposed) and one deeper (12m — soft bottom).
Different parameters including dry weight, volume, and skeletal growth rates were investigated. The polyp biomass, carbon content, and overall area of fully expanded polyps were also measured. Equations are given for the relationship of skeleton diameter to polyp tissue dry weight as well as skeleton diameter to the possible filter area of fully expanded polyps.
C. caespitosa harbors a rich community of vagile and sessile organisms within the skeleton. The cryptofauna was sorted to higher taxonomic levels and their biomass determined. Several highly significant linear relationship were found between skeleton dry weight, volume and cryptofauna biomass. Thus, the determination of colony volume allows the prediction of cryptofauna biomass.
The interstitial space is dominated by sponges - many of them borers - which erode the corallites close to the living tissue until they break off from the colony. At the deeper sampling site, 26% of all colonies are smaller than 2 cm and 48% are smaller than 5 cm. The fragmentation process is discussed with respect to reproduction.     

预应力混凝土空间框架节点二维拟静力试验研究

采用拟静力试验方法对预应力混凝土和普通钢筋混凝土空间框架内节点进行了不同轴压比下单、双向循环加载的试验研究,得到不同加载方式下试件的滞回曲线。分析了各个试件的破坏形式、承载力、刚度、延性及耗能能力,通过比较和对滞回曲线的分析得出：双向水平荷载作用对构件耦合作用明显,构件存在扭转效应,构件的强度退化和刚度退化比单向荷载作用严重,节点的耗能能力降低。     

基于相似变换法的CGCS2000骨架网精化

利用GAMIT/GLOBK软件,分别采用相似变换法和强约束法对扩展后的260个CGCS2000骨架网点的GNSS观测数据进行处理。按照3种方案进行平差获得站点在ITRF2008框架下的坐标,结果得出,使用强约束法时,起算数据的约束不同会引起定位结果的差异,不恰当的约束会造成精度的降低;相似变换法可以避免不恰当的约束引起的网的变形和扭曲,且可靠性更高,其平均中误差优于1 mm。