海洋生物提取物“KEMH”研究──对57例体外培养不同人癌细胞的杀伤作用

报导一种海洋生物提取物“ＫＥＭＨ”对５７例体外培养的不同人癌细胞杀伤作用的实验。结果表明：“ＫＥＭＨ”对体外培养的人癌细胞有很强的杀伤作用,癌细胞对“ＫＥＭＨ”的敏感度总有效率达５５．４％。本文以１０例以上者按不同癌细胞对“ＫＥＭＨ”的敏感度进行分组统计,指出“ＫＥＭＨ”对肺癌细胞的杀伤率最高,为９４％;对乳癌细胞为６８％;对胃癌细胞为５３．１％．与对照组比较,Ｐ值差异性显著。与常规较有效的抗癌药环磷酰胺,盐酸阿霉素等五种药物比较,“ＫＥＭＨ”比这五种药物对癌细胞具较高的杀伤作用。     

Volume and Ion Regulation During Repeated Exposure to Temperature Change: Physiological Divergence in Trans-Isthmian Cognate Pairs and Latitudinally Distant Populations of Decapod Crustacea

Abstract. When the Isthmus of Panama emerged as a land bridge, it set the stage for allopatric speciation in the marine fauna. In the present study Pacific and Atlantic populations of three cognate pairs of crabs were used to discern whether physiological divergence has occurred as a result of exposure to different thermal regimes in habitats and in the putative absence of gene flow. Additional comparison was made with Belize and Florida populations of the Atlantic Panama cognate. This was done to test the strength of correlation between physiological divergence and exposure to different thermal regimes in populations that potentially form a common genetic pool. Water temperatures decrease periodically in Pacific Panama and Florida but not in Atlantic Panama or Belize. Physiological divergence in volume and ion regulation was assessed in response to repeated exposure to either control and decreased temperature or to control and increased temperature. Results indicate that exposure to naturally occurring decreased temperatures in habitats has resulted in divergence. This divergence is demonstrated both in enhanced ability to regulate volume at decreased temperature and impaired ability to regulate volume at elevated temperature.     

The environmental effects of the installation and functioning of the submarine SwePol Link HVDC transmission line: a case study of the Polish Marine Area of the Baltic Sea

This paper describes the two-phase study of the environmental impact of the SwePol Link submarine electrical energy transfer system between Sweden and Poland. During the first phase (1997–1998), the potential effects of proposed technical solutions for the transmission line and different routes across the Baltic Sea were analysed. During the second phase (1999–2000), studies on environmental and background conditions before cable installation (1999) and studies on the environmental effects after cable system installation (2000) were undertaken. During this phase, underwater TV and video inspection of the bottom, observations of the bottom habitats by scuba-divers, sampling and laboratory analysis of macrozoobenthos and measurements of the earth's magnetic field were conducted.Underwater observations along the cable route indicated that one year after the cable had been laid no mechanical disturbances on the dynamic sandy bottom were visible. Studies of the bottom macrofauna indicated that there had been no significant changes in zoobenthos species composition, abundance or biomass which could have been clearly related to cable installation. Changes in the components of the magnetic field, although significant in the vicinity of the cable itself, did not exceed natural variability at a distance of 20 m.     

海面风场的数值预报业务模式

海面风场的业务数值预报，经过六年的运行和不断改进，目前已建立了包括资料处理、客观分析、大气模式和边界展模式在内的数值预报业务化系统，它能提供１５°～４５°Ｎ、１ｈ５°～１４１°Ｅ海域内１°×１°经纬网格点上的７２小时的预报风场，该风场除为日常业务预报提供参考外，还为海浪和海冰业务模式提供强迫场。本文主要介绍大气模式和边界层模式的概况以及系统的运行结果。     

关于浅海海洋质子磁力仪的改装研究

本文介绍了我们改装的一台浅海海洋质子磁力仪,它不仅能用于深水海区,而且可以用于浅水的近岸浅海区的海洋磁力测量。对于近岸浅水工程,石油开发和地质等提供了有利的手段。     

壳聚糖抑酸功效研究

实验测定了壳聚糖对人工胃酸的抑制作用，并与对照药品进行了对照实验，证实壳聚糖确对人工胃酸有明显的升高p作用，并产处次给出了壳聚糖的酸当量，即壳聚糖的浓度的价值。     

新生产力——一个新的海洋学研究领域

新生产力的概念最初由Dugdale等(1967)提出,近年来由于全球变化研究的发展,赋予了新的含义。它不仅反映了海区的群落净生产能力,同时也是海洋真光层对于大气中CO_2的净吸收的一种度量。新生产力研究已经成为当今海洋研究的前沿领域,它涉及海洋生态学、生物海洋学、生物地球化学和物理海洋学的研究,具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。新生产力的基本研究方法是~(15)N示踪法,此外,还可应用沉积物捕集器法、f比推算法、物理模型法、真光层净产氧量法、~(234)Th滞留时间法、物质通量模型法以及遥感等方法进行观测或推算。新生产力的研究已被纳入一些国际重大联合研究计划,如JGOFS,GLOBEC等,在短短的几年时间里已取得了迅速的发展,90年代将在更大范围和深度上展开研究,并将对全球新生产力水平有一个较精确和全面的了解。     

Contaminant transport modeling in marine clays

The need to develop various offshore containment systems encourages the contaminant transport study in marine clays. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to examine six cases of contaminant transport in marine clays. Adequate literature background on the chemical diffusion of soils, and the earlier reported modeling techniques relevant to the present work have been highlighted. These methods enable a rapid examination of the impact of contaminant physical properties on the environment over a period of time. The numerical results of this study help to understand the chemicals transport phenomena in the marine environment especially at sea bed.     

产低温纤维素酶海洋嗜冷菌的筛选及研究

从黄海的深海海底泥样中筛选出一株产纤维素酶的海洋细菌，初步鉴定为革兰氏阴性杆菌。该菌既能产生羧甲基纤维素酶，又能降解微晶纤维素，互有淀粉酶活。对该菌生长特征及所产纤维素酶的性质进行了初步研究。此菌最适生长温度为20℃，最高生长温度为40℃，在0℃也能生长，是典型的嗜冷菌。该菌所产纤维素酶最适反应温度为35℃，10℃仍有较高酶活，最适pH值为6．0，属酸性酶。