河北沧县台拱带中、低温地热资源ORC发电与综合梯级利用

京津冀地热资源梯级综合开发利用(献县)科研基地大地构造位置位于华北平原沧县台拱带之献县断凸,利用其地下蓟县系岩溶裂隙热储层热水开展中低温地热发电与综合梯级利用研究。地热发电装机容量280 kW,采用ORC向心透平膨胀技术,系统工质为R245fa。分别于2018年2月4—6日(冬季)、2018年3月6—16日(春季)进行两次试运行,累计发电时长274h,累计发电量36956kWh,平均发电效率9.1%,最高10.4%。发电效率高于我国已有中低温地热发电项目,在目前国际中低温ORC地热发电项目中处于较高水平。试运行期间发电机组整体运行效果较好且运行稳定,冬季地热发电机组运行效果好于春季。科研基地建设完成后,将进行发电、供暖、地热生态园三级利用,按照90～95/25℃的地热水热能潜力,综合发电供暖两级利用计算能源综合利用率将达70%～76%。     

河南禹州铝土矿"三位一体"找矿模型及资源潜力

禹州铝土矿位于华北地台西南部的嵩箕台隆南缘,嵩箕铝土矿成矿区.该区具有明显的地台型基底和盖层二元结构,基底由古元古界嵩山岩群构成,盖层系较标准的地台型沉积,由一套古生界海相碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩建造,古生界海陆交互相含铝、煤建造和陆相碎屑岩建造组成.通过对该区铝土矿控矿因素及找矿标志分析,建立了该区铝土矿找矿模型,并对该区铝土矿的资源潜力进行了评价.     

页岩层系油气资源有序共生及其勘探意义——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7页岩层系为例

页岩层系内的非常规油气已成为全球油气勘探开发的热点,这些资源的形成与富有机质页岩密切相关,形成演化有序、空间分布上共生。目前的研究通常按非常规油气类型单独进行,尚未从页岩层系整体角度考虑各类油气资源的分布规律。在大量调研国内外页岩层系油气资源分布规律的基础上,提出页岩层系油气资源有序共生,并以鄂尔多斯盆地长7页岩系为例进行解剖,按照成熟度阶段、埋藏深度和有机质丰度,将长7页岩层系油气资源分成露头-浅埋藏油页岩区、中等成熟-中等埋深压裂页岩油区、中等成熟-中等埋深原位改质页岩油区、高成熟度-深埋页岩气区和紧邻-夹层致密砂岩油五大区域。基于页岩系统油气资源有序共生关系,提出页岩层系油气资源立体勘探开发的观点,以期对页岩层系非常规油气资源有效利用提供新思路。     

城市地下空间资源探测方法研究及应用

地下空间资源探测是科学合理开发利用地下空间资源的基本前提,国内各大城市相继开展了地下空间资源调查评价工作,但对地下空间资源探测方法尚未开展系统梳理。在北京城市地下空间资源调查评价工作的基础上,对地下空间资源开发利用2个阶段,即建成区和待建区地下空间资源探测对象和探测方法分别做了阐述,指出建成区的探测对象是已开发利用的地下空间资源,可以采用遥感技术解译建筑物高度,利用建筑物竖向影响深度推算已利用开发地下空间,利用物探手段(电法、磁法、重力、地震)较精确地圈定已开发利用空间;对于待建区,调查对象主要是影响地下空间资源开发利用的地质条件,可以通过相应的地质工作开展调查。最后列举了应用实例,以期为城市地下空间资源探测工作起到借鉴作用。     

长江中游沿岸过江大桥工程建设适宜性评价与地学建议

基于长江中游沿岸地质环境条件及过江大桥场地建设基本要求,优选地形地貌、工程地质条件及区域稳定性3个评价因素,运用层次分析法开展长江中游沿岸过江大桥工程场地建设适宜性评价,将长江中游沿岸过江大桥工程分为适宜开发岸线、较适宜开发岸线、一般适宜开发岸线及非优先开发岸线4个等级。长江中游沿岸地区以较适宜开发岸线和一般适宜开发岸线为主,长度分别为625.19 km和598.99 km,分别占岸线总长度的31.35%和30.04%。针对长江中游不同等级岸线的地质特征,提出了相应的地学建议,为长江中游沿岸过江大桥优化选址提供地学指导,进一步促进长江经济带国土资源空间规划与岸线资源保护利用工作的开展。     

Concealed porphyry delineation based on nonlinear three-dimensional density-difference inversion: An example in the Beiya mine area,Western Yunnan,China

Intermediate acid-complex rock masses with low-density characteristics are the most important prospecting sign in the Beiya area, of western Yunnan province, and provide a physical basis for good gravity exploration. It is usually difficult to obtaining solutions in connection with actual geological situations due to the ambiguity of the conventional gravity-processing results and lack of deep constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional (3D) inversion technology is considered as the main channel for reducing the number of solutions and improving the vertical resolution at the current stage. The current study starts from a model test and performs nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion called “model likelihood exploration”, which performs 3D inversion imaging and inversion of the known model while considering the topographic effects. The inversion results are highly consistent with those of the known models. Simultaneously, we consider the Beiya gold mine in Yunnan as an example. The nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion technology, which is restricted by geological information, is explored to obtain the 3D density body structure below 5 km in the mine area, and the 3D structure of the deep and concealed rock masses are obtained using the density constraints of the intermediate-acid-complex rock masses. The results are well consistent with the surface geological masses and drilling-controlled deep geological masses. The model test and examples both show that the 3D density-difference nonlinear inversion technology can reduce inversion ambiguity, improve resolution, optimize the inversion results, and realize “transparency” in deeply concealed rock masses in ore-concentrated areas,which is useful in guiding the deep ore prospecting.     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20141271Chang Fengming(Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China);Li Tiegang Progress in the Paleoceanography of the Western Pacific Warm Pool:A Review(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(8),2013,p.847-858,3 illus.,108 refs.)Key words:paleooceanography,West Pacific     

Geographical Variation and Influencing Factors of Spartina alterniflora Expansion Rate in Coastal China

Biological invasion poses a huge threat to ecological security.Spartina alterniflora was introduced into China in 1979,and its arrival corresponded with negative effects on native ecosystems.To explore geographical variation of its expansion rate in coastal China,we selected 43 S.alterniflora sites from Tianjin Coastal New Area to Beihai.The area expansion rate,expansion rate paralleling and vertical to the shoreline were analysed based on Landsat images and field survey in 2015.Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA)and climate data were collected to statistically analyse the influential factors of expansion rate.Results showed that significant difference of S.alterniflora area expansion rate among different latitude zones(P<0.01),increasing from 6.08%at southern(21°N–23°N)to 19.87% in Bohai Bay(37°N–39°N)along latitude gradient.There was a significant difference in expansion rate vertical to shoreline in different latitude zones(P<0.01)with the largest occurring in Bohai Bay(256m/yr,37°N–39°N),and showed an decreasing tendency gradually from north to south.No significant difference and latitudinal clines in expansion rate paralleling to shoreline were observed.Expansion rate had significant negative correlation with mean seawater temperature,the lowest seawater temperature,current zonal velocity and meridional velocity and presented a reducing trend as these biotic factors increased;however,they were not significantly correlated with the highest seawater temperature and mean seawater salinity.We identified significant correlations between expansion rate and annual mean temperature,the lowest temperature in January and annual precipitation,but there was little correlation with annual diurnal difference in temperature and the highest temperature in July.The rapid expansion rate in high-latitude China demonstrated a higher risk of potential invasion in the north;dynamic monitoring and control management should be established as soon as possible.     

盐酸普鲁卡因诱导下海洋真菌Hypocrea lixii次级代谢化学成分

【目的】通过化学诱导方法从一株海洋真菌Hypocrea lixii中获得多样化的活性小分子化合物。【方法】对菌株在盐酸普鲁卡因的化学诱导作用下进行固体发酵,代谢产物采用硅胶减压柱层析、Sephadex LH-20以及pHPLC等手段分离纯化,对化合物运用NMR、MS等波谱学技术并比对文献进行结构鉴定,采用Ellman比色法及DPPH自由基清除法对化合物进行初步抗乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和抗氧化活性测试。【结果】从海洋真菌Hypocrea lixii在盐酸普鲁卡因诱导下的发酵提取物中分离得到4个异黄酮类化合物,包括6'-O-crotonylgenistin(1)、Genistein(2)、Daidzein(3)和Genistin(4),以及对氨基苯甲酸甲酯(5)、对羟基苯丙酸(6)和胞嘧啶(7),其中化合物1和6为该种中首次报道,化合物5为生物转化来源首次报道,化合物2~4可能源自培养基。在100μmol/L剂量浓度下,化合物1~4对AChE的抑制以及DPPH自由基的清除活性均较弱,化合物5和6显示了相对强的AChE抑制活性,抑制率分别为40%和38%。【结论】盐酸普鲁卡因对该菌次级代谢产生了显著的影响,为深入研究该菌株化学诱导次级代谢产物提供基础。     

中药资源地理国情监测工具集设计与实现

目前第四次全国中药资源普查试点工作采集了大量的成果数据,并且成果数据与地理空间位置之间存在天然的联系。本文以中药资源数据的空间属性作为出发点,在中药资源普查成果数据和已有地理国情监测数据的基础上,建立了基础地理数据库、专题地理数据库和中药资源数据库,设计并实现了能够进行中药资源专题分析计算的地理工具集。最后,基于B/S架构完成了中药资源地理国情监测技术平台的构建,验证了地理工具集设计思路的正确性。