Evaluation of classifiers for processing Hyperion (EO-1) data of tropical vegetation

There is an urgent necessity to monitor changes in the natural surface features of earth. Compared to broadband multispectral data, hyperspectral data provides a better option with high spectral resolution. Classification of vegetation with the use of hyperspectral remote sensing generates a classical problem of high dimensional inputs. Complexity gets compounded as we move from airborne hyperspectral to Spaceborne technology. It is unclear how different classification algorithms will perform on a complex scene of tropical forests collected by spaceborne hyperspectral sensor. The present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of three different classifiers (Artificial Neural Network, Spectral Angle Mapper, Support Vector Machine) over highly diverse tropical forest vegetation utilizing hyperspectral (EO-1) data. Appropriate band selection was done by Stepwise Discriminant Analysis. The Stepwise Discriminant Analysis resulted in identifying 22 best bands to discriminate the eight identified tropical vegetation classes. Maximum numbers of bands came from SWIR region. ANN classifier gave highest OAA values of 81% with the help of 22 selected bands from SDA. The image classified with the help SVM showed OAA of 71%, whereas the SAM showed the lowest OAA of 66%. All the three classifiers were also tested to check their efficiency in classifying spectra coming from 165 processed bands. SVM showed highest OAA of 80%. Classified subset images coming from ANN (from 22 bands) and SVM (from 165 bands) are quite similar in showing the distribution of eight vegetation classes. Both the images appeared close to the actual distribution of vegetation seen in the study area. OAA levels obtained in this study by ANN and SVM classifiers identify the suitability of these classifiers for tropical vegetation discrimination.     

Global Mapper系统在海洋调查中的应用

Global Mapper是一个简单、实用的地理信息管理与应用软件,文中介绍了该软件的基本功能和开发应用.在海洋地质调查工作中,通过对Global Mapper软件功能的转换与灵活应用,结合动态GPS,实现了地形导航和历史信息、综合信息的实时显示与查询,并改进了多波束水深测量现场监控、工程磁法测量成果数据处理等技术方法...     

全球尺度下遥感与地理信息系统一体化软件平台研建进展

地理信息科学与技术在全球变化和地球系统科学研究中,正发挥越来越重要的作用.而在全球尺度下开展分析,必须发展用基于3维坐标进行分析,而且要具备全球尺度上的地表信息提取能力,并支持全球尺度的空间分析与应用的软件.介绍了在Google Earth基础上,开发的遥感和地理信息系统一体化软件平台:全球制图者(Global Map...     

极端干旱区荒漠稀疏河岸林遥感分类研究

研究以位于极端干旱区的塔里木河干流中下游地区为例,基于Landsat TM影像,结合决策树分类、几何光学模型与光谱角匹配,解决混合像元信息分解,实现干旱区稀疏荒漠河岸林类别识别。首先从遥感视角的角度,将地物分解为目标和背景,提出塔里木河干流荒漠河岸林植被分类系统;其次以多变量决策树法将非荒漠植被信息剔除,采用几何光学模型模拟各类荒漠植被的像元光谱,最后以光谱角匹配的方法将荒漠植被进一步进行分解,得到塔里木河干流中下游地区典型研究区的植被分类专题图,分类精度结果表明:基于混合像元分解与几何光学模型的分类方法总精度达到了79.43%,Kappa系数为0.718,表明分类质量良好。     

Hydrocarbon Alteration Characteristics of Soils and Mechanism for Detection by Remote Sensing in East Sichuan Area,China

The type, strength, and spatial distributions of hydrocarbon alteration of the surface soil are studied in two sections in East Sichuan area through the simultaneous analysis of soil organic geochemistry, soil mineralogy, and soil chemistry. The spectral response and remote-sensing mechanism are studied through the soil spectral analysis in the range of VIS--NIR bands. The results of this study demonstrate that long-time hydrocarbon microseepage can induce mineral and chemical alteration of surface soil, including the increase of clay-mineral content and carbonate-mineral content, the increase of ferrous-iron content, and decrease of ferric-iron content. Soil mineral components related to hydrocarbon alteration have spatial coincidence with soil organic geochemical components. Increase of clay- and carbonate-mineral contents in the soil can cause decrease of reflectance in VIS–NIR bands and increase of Landsat band ratio TM5/TM7. Increase of ferrous-iron content and decrease of ferric-iron content in the soil may cause increase of reflectance in the range of 400 nm to 600 nm, and higher reflectance of Landsat band ratios of TM1/TM3 and TM2/TM3.     

基于Global Mapper的DEM检查方法

Global Mapper是一款地图绘制软件。本文结合辽宁省测绘局1∶10000 DEM制作项目,阐述了利用Global Mapper软件对DEM最终成果进行质量检查的具体检查方法。     

基于ER Mapper的水土流失地形因子提取技术初探

介绍了新一代图像处理系统ER Mapper及其应用，分析了不同空间尺度下影响水土流失的地形因子，针对ER Mapper的图像处理功能，对地形因子的提取技术进行了初步探讨，并取得了一定的成果。     

Global Mapper和91卫图软件在地质调查前期工作中的组合应用

在地质工作和测量程度低的地区开展地质调查工作时,由于缺乏基础资料,在工作设计及野外施工等方面极其不方便.本文利用91卫图助手软件免费下载工作区地形和影像数据,使用Global Mapper对该数据进行分析处理,并结合MapGIS软件能快速绘制出调查区的一系列基础图件如地形等值线图、测区沟系图、测区影像图等.在此基础上,使得测区的地质工作路线安排、化探沟系次生晕野外采集点布置更加方便,从而节约了成本,并提高了工作效率.     

青岛近海浒苔光谱特征研究

针对从2008年以来,每年夏季我国黄海南部暴发大面积的浒苔(Enteromorpha)灾害,对海洋环境及经济造成不利影响的状况,为了进一步研究浒苔特性,为利用遥感手段监测浒苔提供一定的理论依据,通过实地测量不同条件下浒苔的光谱反射率曲线,定性分析了浒苔的光谱特征。结果表明,浒苔的基本光谱特征表现为在蓝光波段和红光波段形成反射谷,在绿光波段形成反射峰,而在近红外波段反射率明显增大,形成高反射峰。因此将红光波段和近红外波段作为敏感波段,利用NDVI(归一化植被指数)提取遥感图像上的浒苔信息,可取得较好效果,有利于浒苔监测。     

遥感监测墨西哥湾溢油目标识别算法

为了及时监测溢油事故相关信息,防止污染扩张,该文利用2010年4月29日、5月17日及5月24日3个时相的中分辨率MODIS数据,以2010年发生的墨西哥湾溢油事故为例进行目标提取与识别。提取算法考虑到油膜和背景海水易混分的现象,采用了辅加纹理特征量的光谱角匹配算法进行油膜提取;同时,对比了常用的最小距离和支持向量机分类方法;并基于混淆矩阵对结果进行精度验证。结果显示,改进的光谱角匹配算法可以更准确地提取海面目标,精度高达90%以上,能够较好地监测出大面积溢油,可以用于海面溢油灾害的动态监测。