粤闽交界地区地震形变前兆研究

采用形变速率、静压订正及固体潮调和分析等方法从多种形变资料中提取粤闽交界地区地震形变的中期前兆信息，并据此研究了形变异常的特征。最后，从形变机理、异常信息合成及信息可信度评估等方面讨论了该区地震形变前兆的可信度。认为该区震前形变速率及地壳物性等反常变化可视作地震形变的中期前兆，震兆异常具有准同步群体性、发展阶段性和空间分布密集性等异常时空分布特征，震兆可信度达０．５以上     

The source rupture feature of the southern Taiwan Straits earthquake of September 16，1994 （Ms7．3） ＆ the analysis of earthquake circumstance in southeastern coast of China

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Apport de la modélisation géophysique pour la compréhension de la structuration du pas de Calais

This study is based on an analysis of seismic, gravimetric and magnetic data to model the structure of the Dover Straits area. The Dover Straits are set in a transitional position within the Brabant para-autochthon, which lies between the Ardennes allochthon to the south and the Brabant Massif to the north. The seismic profiles show that this area is characterised by several superimposed Mesozoic basins, whose evolution has been controlled by the reactivation of Lower Palaeozoic faults. In common with the adjacent Weald–Wessex and southern North Sea basins, the Dover Straits area records a Jurassic extensional phase and a post-Cretaceous tectonic inversion. The geophysical modelling reveals the presence of a basement to these Mesozoic basins that exhibits Ordovician to Silurian structures, which cannot be detected on the seismic reflection profiles. In contrast to earlier interpretations, the modelling presented here suggests that the Brabant Massif continues southward beyond the Dover Straits and under the Brabant para-autochthon. Gravity data also provides evidence for the presence of granitic body at depth, in the vicinity of Km 27 on the seismic profile, which may have driven the uplift of the Silurian rocks in the area of the Straits. Similar granitic intrusions have been proposed to explain gravity anomalies along the Rhenohercynian Margin in Belgium, eastern and southern England. The geophysical modelling demonstrates the continuity of the basement and Mesozoic basin structures across the Dover Straits, suggesting a common geological evolution of the adjacent southern England–northern France regions. To cite this article: B. Minguely et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

马六甲海峡-南海航线与当代中国经济发展*

中国大陆东部受太平洋板块向亚洲大陆板块的俯冲,形成一系列岛链,而岛链间的海峡是中国通往世界的咽喉水道。2004年中国国内生产总值136515亿元人民币(约为16854亿美元), 外贸交易总额达11548亿美元,其中90 ％ 以上的对外贸易是通过海洋运输实现的,而马六甲海峡—南海航线最为重要。马六甲海峡位于巽他陆架上,水深25~113m, 航道仅宽2.7~3.6km; 南海是西北太平洋最大的边缘海, 海底地貌复杂, 珊瑚礁滩广布, 地质构造及海底地貌情况决定了中国国际运输航线是经过南海西沙群岛和中沙群岛之间的中沙海槽, 向南通过南沙群岛西侧西卫滩与李准滩之间, 通过马来半岛一侧马六甲海峡主航道进入印度洋的。这条航线是中国能源、贸易运输的咽喉,包括有:1)中国石油进口主要地区。中东(占总进口的50.79 ％ )和非洲(占总进口的24.63 ％ )均要经过马六甲海峡—南海航线;2)马六甲海峡—南海航线是中欧贸易和中国—美国东部贸易咽喉;3)马六甲海峡—南海航线是中国与东亚港口的生命线。     

基于哨兵一号和高分三号卫星SAR数据的马六甲海峡内孤立波特性研究

漫长狭窄的马六甲海峡是重要的航道,研究该海峡内孤立波特征对潜艇、船只航行和海洋工程都是急需解决的问题。利用高空间分辨率的哨兵1号（Sentinel-1）和高分三号（GF-3）SAR遥感数据,对马六甲海峡的内孤立波特征开展了详细研究。利用哨兵一号2015年6月到2016年12月20景有内孤立波的SAR图像和高分三号2018年4月到2019年3月24景有内孤立波的SAR图像,统计分析了马六甲海峡海域的内孤立波空间分布特征。发现内孤立波多以内孤立波包以及单根内孤立波形式出现,内孤立波头波的波峰线最长可达39km。采用高阶非线性薛定谔方程反演模型可以计算出内孤立波的振幅与群速度,计算得到的内孤立波振幅和波包的传播群速度分别为4.7m ~ 23.9m和0.12m/s ~ 0.40m/s。由KdV方程得到的单根内孤立波的相速度为0.26m/s ~ 0.60m/s。可以得到,马六甲海峡内孤立波的振幅与传播速度与地形密切相关。     

马六甲海峡的潮汐特征分析

马六甲海峡是亚洲东南部的重要海峡通道,沟通太平洋和印度洋,具有重要的经济和战略地位.本文利用马六甲海峡及其毗邻海域验潮站的实测水位资料,分析了马六甲海峡及马来半岛东岸的潮汐特征.研究表明,半日分潮平均振幅最大的区域位于马六甲海峡内部,而全日分潮平均振幅最大的区域为马来半岛的东海岸.马六甲海峡内部以正规半日潮为主,马来半岛东侧则为混合潮港,北部为不正规全日潮,南部则为不规则半日潮.半日分潮M2,S2和全日分潮K1在马六甲海峡内的传播为自西北向东南,而全日分潮O1则为自东南向西北方向.马来半岛东岸的半日潮传播方向以中部的Cendering站为分界线,南、北两部海区分别向南、向北相背传播,而全日潮传播方向相同,统一为自北向南.     

Low-Frequency Temperature Variability at Fukue Island Located Southwest of the Tsushima Straits

Sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity variations at Fukue Island (located southwest of the Tsushima Straits) were investigated. In spring, low-frequency SST fluctuations with periods of 10–20 days predominate. Synthetic analysis of in situ observation and satellite infrared image reveals that these SST fluctuations are caused by movement of mixed warm water masses which have a temperature intermediate between those of the Kuroshio and the East China Sea (ECS) shelf waters. Since these fluctuations do not correspond with those in the Tsushima Straits, it is indicated that these water masses can hardly pass the Tsushima Straits while retaining their original water properties. In July, SST fluctuations with a period of several days are also found at Fukue Island. Since these SST fluctuations show an opposite correspondence with its salinity fluctuations and a good correspondence with the SST fluctuations at Okinoshima in the Tsushima Straits, it is inferred that warm and low-salinity water originated from the ECS shelf water causes these fluctuations and intrudes into the Tsushima Straits.     

基于多时相遥感数据的海岸线自动提取方法

海岸线是海洋的重要组成部分,对于海域管理具有重要意义.本文根据岸线位置确定原理,即将多时相瞬时水边线上边界近似作为海岸线,提出了一种基于多时相水边线的海岸线自动提取方法,该方法应用区域生长与边缘检测相结合的方法提取瞬时水边线,然后采用海岸线自动判别算法进行海岸线的提取.首先计算归一化水体指数(normalized di...     

台风“圣帕”登陆福建前后的风暴潮特征分析

通过普查台风影响和登陆前后的气象和水文资料,分析总结了2007年登陆福建的第9号台风"圣帕"风暴增水特征及其与气象要素的相互关系."圣帕"引起的福建沿海风暴增水明显 ( 50 cm 以上 ) 且持续时间长 (52 h );风暴增水最大峰值出现在台风位于台湾海峡时,次峰值分别出现在台风登陆台湾岛前 1～2 h 和台风登陆福建沿海前 4 h."圣帕"风暴增水幅度与各验潮站的海平面气压关系密切,6h变压值对于风暴增水幅度的预报有一定的提前预报价值.     

雷州半岛灯楼角沙岬的形成

沙岬(沙嘴)是一种海岸动力地貌类型。通过区域地貌背景、海底地貌-浅地层、海洋动力条件、相关的海岸沙坝和现代海滩的分析,认为灯楼角沙岬是来自琼州海峡的东向波浪和来自北部湾的西向波浪两种相向波浪动力平衡、灯楼角东沿岸存在逆时针环流和灯楼角西沿岸存在顺时针环流两者于此辐合,并把带来的砂子沉积下来的结果。