Deep-sea nematode assemblage has not recovered 26 years after experimental mining of polymetallic nodules (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, Tropical Eastern Pacific)

We investigated nematode assemblages inhabiting the 26-year-old track created by experimental deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules, and two adjacent, undisturbed sites, one with nodules and one without nodules. The aim was to compare density, assemblage structure, and diversity indices in order to assess the process of recovery of the nematode assemblage inhabiting the disturbed site. This experimental dredging was conducted in 1978 by the Ocean Minerals Company (USA) in the area of a French mining claim in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (Tropical Eastern Pacific) at a depth of about 5000 m. The nematode assemblage had not returned its initial state 26 years after the experimental dredging: the total nematode density and biomass within the dredging track were significantly lower than outside the track; the biodiversity indices showed significantly lower nematode diversity within the track; and the structure of the nematode assemblage within the track differed significantly from those in the two undisturbed sites outside the track. However, there were no significant differences in the mean body volumes of adult nematodes and adult-juvenile ratios between the track and reference sites. Parameters such as the rate of sediment restoration (which depends on local hydrological conditions) and the degree and character of the disturbance appeared to be of considerable importance for the recovery rate of the deep-sea nematode assemblages and their ability to recolonize disturbed areas. The rates of recolonization and recovery may vary widely in different deep-sea regions.     

红外焦平面探测器信息获取与预处理电路设计

针对中国科学院上海技术物理研究所研制的1500元红外线列焦平面探测器的输出特性,提出了以低噪声运放为核心的信息获取电路和以FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)为核心的数据预处理的设计方案,实现了驱动电路和探测器的良好匹配,较好地发挥了探测器高灵敏度的特性.测试结果表明,该方案不仅对系统获得优于50 mK噪声等效温差的高灵敏度成像起到了重要作用,足够宽的量化设计还保证了系统的动态范围和图像的丰富层次.该设计方案已成功应用在一些其他类型的红外焦平面探测器中.     

温度对南美白对虾的影响

探讨了温度对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)的影响。结果表明，在9～22℃范围内。南美白对虾能够适应逐渐降温和逐渐升温，存活率分别达100％和97．92％。降温后。10℃充氧密封24h，对其生存无影响，存活率100％。此后逐渐升温至22℃，并在22-23℃中暂养3d,对虾存活率95％。     

三峡库区城镇居民地移民迁建分布规律的分析与应用

针对三峡库区移民安置规划中的实际需求,本文以三峡库区秭归县为例,分析了居民地空间分布类型、规律,并结合人口空间化模型,对研究结果的应用作了探讨,进而对居民地空间分布规律进行了验证。     

Researches on the Internal Molecular Weight Uniformity of Chitosan Biomaterials

Uniform molecular weight(Mw)chitosan(CS)is highly demanded in medical biomaterial industry.This present article described heterogeneous degradation of CS in aqueous HCl/ethanol solution,in which progress uniform Mw CS was successfully prepared.The Mw distribution of CS was measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC)analysis.Moreover,the structure and properties of degraded CS were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^1H NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and thermogravimetric(TG)analysis.In addition,the biocompatibility of degraded CS was also assessed by hemolysis rate(HR)measurement.The Mw of CS dramatically decreased from 246 KDa to 76 k Da at the initial 30 min,and stabilized at 18 kDa after 24 h.GPC analysis results showed that the degraded CS molecular become homogenization.FT-IR and 1 H NMR analysis confirmed the basic structure of CS molecular backbone was not destroyed during this progress.Besides,the water solubility of CS was not significantly influenced by this reaction.Moreover,the XRD analysis revealed that crystallinity of degraded CS increased from 70.32% to 99.25%with time.The TG analysis showed improved thermal stability of degraded CS.HR measurement demonstrated the degraded CS possessed excellent biocompatibility.This simple and efficient heterogeneous degradation would open up a new route to produce uniform Mw CS.     

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最优非负变权组合模型在卫星钟差预报中的应用

针对单一卫星钟差预报模型自身存在的缺陷,提出基于二次多项式、灰色GM（1,1）和ARIMA等三种单一模型的最优非负变权组合预报模型。通过与各单一模型和经典权组合模型进行对比分析表明,该模型预报残差RMS值最小,精度更高,能够根据各模型预报效果赋予不同的权值,在一定程度上综合了多种单一模型的优点,可降低预报风险,提高模型预报的可靠性。     

基于熵变加权法的水安全综合指数评价

为了构建水安全综合评价的模型,采用熵变加权法对水安全评价体系的各子系统进行赋权,得到水安全的综合评价指数公式。将方法应用于山东省区域水资源安全评价,并与其它方法的评价结果进行了比较分析。结果表明：基于熵变加权法的水安全综合指数能反映出样本与评价标准之间的远近程度,并且可以同时评价多个样本;熵变加权法的应用减少了评价的主观性,使评价结果客观、合理,具有良好的实用性。     

EFFECT OF RATION, TEMPERATURE AND BODY WEIGHT ON GROWTH OF BLACK PORGY,SPARUS MACROCEPHALUS (B.)

ChntnbutionNo.3127fromtheInstituteofOceanology,ChinereAcademyofSciences.Project39370542supportedbyNSFCandstudyalsosupportedbyNationalKeyLaboratoryintheInstituteofHydrobiology.ChineseAcademyofSciences.lNTRODUCTIONltisknownthatgroWthrateoffishcanvary'inresponsetotemperatureandfoodavailability-andperhapslessobviously,tolight,oxygenandothervariables.ThispropertyofvariablegroWthinfishcanbereferredtoasplasticity(Weatheriey,l990).TheeffeCtSofenvironmenta1thCtorsongroWthcanbepredictalfor…