Diagenetic controls on the isotopic composition of carbonate‐associated sulphate in the Permian Capitan Reef Complex,West Texas

Late Palaeozoic‐age strata from the Capitan Reef in west Texas show facies‐dependent heterogeneity in the sulphur isotopic composition of carbonate‐associated sulphate, which is trace sulphate incorporated into carbonate minerals that is often used to reconstruct the sulphur isotopic composition of ancient seawater. However, diagenetic pore fluid processes may influence the sulphur isotopic composition of carbonate‐associated sulphate. These processes variously modify the sulphur isotopic composition of incorporated sulphate from syndepositional seawater in shelf crest, outer shelf, shelf margin and slope depositional settings. This study used a new multicollector inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique to determine the sulphur isotopic composition of samples of individual depositional and diagenetic textures. Carbonate rocks representing peritidal facies in the Yates and Tansill formations preserve the sulphur isotopic composition of Guadalupian seawater sulphate despite alteration of the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions by meteoric and dolomitizing diagenetic processes. However, sulphur isotopic data indicate that limestones deposited in reef and slope facies in the Capitan and Bell Canyon formations largely incorporate sulphate from anoxic marine‐phreatic pore fluids isotopically modified from seawater by microbial sulphate reduction, despite generally preserving the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of Permian seawater. Some early and all late meteoric calcite cements have carbonate‐associated sulphate with a sulphur isotopic composition distinct from that of Permian seawater. Detailed petrographic and sedimentary context for carbonate‐associated sulphate analyses will allow for improved reconstructions of ancient seawater composition and diagenetic conditions in ancient carbonate platforms. The results of this study indicate that carbonate rocks that diagenetically stabilize in high‐energy environments without pore fluid sulphate gradients can provide a robust archive of ancient seawater's sulphur isotopic composition.     

新疆和田杜瓦二叠—三叠纪动物化石研究

在原定为侏罗系的剖面中发现丰富的叶肢介、介形虫及鱼化石,本文对所发现的化石进行了描述.其中叶肢介化石有7属18种(有8个新种).其时代为早三叠世,与吉木萨尔县大龙口剖面的锅底坑组上部相当.介形虫化石有4属5种,其时代为晚二叠世晚期.鱼化石为1新属种,其时代意见偏新,所以,产这些化石的地层不是侏罗纪,而应是二叠一三叠纪的.     

稀土资源储备刻不容缓

本文基于全球稀土资源供需形势和我国储量减少的趋势分析了我国开展稀土资源储备的紧迫性.从储备规避“世贸规则”进行间接控制出口、增强在国际稀土市场的话语权以及降低国家外汇储备风险三个方面阐明了我国开展稀土资源储备的必要性.通过借鉴美国和日本在稀土矿产地和矿产品储备方面的成功经验,结合我国稀土资源储备现状,初步构建了适合我国...     

三沙市美济礁滨珊瑚记录的近百年海面温度变化

利用南沙群岛美济礁滨珊瑚Sr/Ca建立与海面温度（SST）的关系式,后报近百年南沙群岛海区高分辨率的SST序列。结果显示：美济礁近百年SST的年平均值为28.4℃,最高值为29.2℃（1998 AD）,最低值为27.6℃（1917 AD）,相差1.6℃。近百年SST呈增暖趋势,升温速率为0.025℃/10 a,但存在年代际的温度波动,其中1906―1927 AD呈降温态势,1928―1938 AD呈增温态势,1939―1957 AD呈降温态势,1958年后SST呈波动上升趋势。近百年SST呈现3.5 a、33 a周期,显示受ENSO和太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）影响。