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151.
南沙群岛永暑礁岩体稳定性评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
永暑礁表层为松散的生物砂砾堆积,表层以下为礁灰岩,夹有2个沉积间断面。礁体呈岩盆结构,从外向内胶结程度依次降低。在综合研究了永暑礁自然环境特征、地层岩性以及岩体结构特征的基础上,认为永暑礁整体稳定性良好,不会发生整体倾覆的现象,浅层土体也不会发生剪切、滑移等工程地质问题。并利用非线性弹性本构模型,对永暑礁礁体地基与边坡在不同应力作用下发生变形与破坏的过程及机理进行了探讨,研究结果认为,在外部应力作用下,珊瑚礁内的应力状态将发生变化,局部出现应力集中,边坡出现拉应力。200kPa的荷载使礁体边坡产生的水平位移小于1cm,岩体边坡仍是稳定的,但最大垂直位移达到1.8cm,有可能出现珊瑚砂的整体剪切破坏。 相似文献
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Abstract. .Series of experimental trawls repeated over the same area during both 12 and 24 h cycles coupled with an analysis of the stomach contents of the bib demonstrated quantitative and qualitative variations in the predator's diet. The population studied feeds continuously over 24 h, the coefficient of "fullness" is relatively constant, and freshly eaten prey can be observed both during the day and at night. The proportion of brown shrimp in the food increases after high tide, especially when this occurs at night, coinciding with the shrimp's period of maximum activity. However, the overall impact of the bib on the shrimp population depends more on the abundance of the former than on variations in their individual food intake. 相似文献
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本文简述俄国鱼类感觉生理研究基本方向与结果。介绍感觉系统结构与功能特点及其在各行为类型中的作用,不同生态类型、不同进化位置、不同年龄、不同动力状态鱼类感觉器官的形态特点。 相似文献
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J. P. Boon J. J. van Zanden W. E. Lewis B. N. Zegers A. Goksyr A. Arukwe 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5)
The short-term effects of the commercial PBDE flame retardant mixtures Penta-BDE and Octa-BDE on the expression of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), vitellogenin (Vtg) and zona radiata proteins (Zrp) were investigated in juvenile salmon (Salmo salar). For this purpose, groups of fish were dosed twice (oral intake at days 1 and 4) with 10 and 50 mg/kg body weight of both commercial mixtures. The fishes were sacrificed at day 7 (n=5 for each group) and 14 (n=6 for each group), and blood, liver, fillet, and brain were collected. Blanks and positive controls were also part of the experiment. The expressions of Vtg, Zrp, and CYP1A were measured with several techniques (EROD, ELISA, Western, Northern and Slot Blot). The values in the groups of fish treated with Penta-BDE or Octa-BDE did not significantly differ from the reference group for any of the parameters tested. In contrast, the positive control groups treated with estradiol-17β for Vtg and Zrp expression, and β-naphthoflavone for CYP1A expression did show a significant response, indicating the potential sensitivity of the fishes for the parameters measured. Since the results of the chemical analyses showed concentrations of a number of PBDE congeners in liver, fillet, and brain that were about three orders of magnitude above those of fish from the North Sea, it is concluded that the short-term toxicity of both commercial PBDE mixtures for these endpoints was low. 相似文献
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Ocean waves can be destructive as steeper waves due to their high energy eroding the sandy beaches. During storm surge or high tide, the water level rises and if large waves occur, they will break closer to the beach, releasing enormous amount of energy resulting in strong currents. This causes heavy loss of beach material due to large-scale erosion. If these waves are made to break prematurely and away from the beach, they can be attenuated so as to reduce beach erosion. The reef, which is a homogeneous pile of armour units without a core, breaks the steeper ocean waves, dissipates a major portion of their energy and transmits attenuated waves. This paper experimentally investigates the armour stone stability of the submerged reef and the influence of its varying distance from shore and crest width on ocean wave transmission. 相似文献