Clay Minerals and Geotechnical Index Properties of Marine Clays in East Asia

Clay mineral composition and geotechnical index properties of marine clays collected from Singapore, Korea, and Japan were investigated, and the correlation of clay mineral composition with the consistency limits and activity of the clays was examined. Predominant clay minerals were kaolinite for Singapore clay, kaolinite, vermiculite, and illite for Pusan clay, and smectite for Hachirogata and Ariake clay from Japan. The activity of clay indicates that Singapore clay is classified as normal or inactive, Pusan clay as normal, and Hachirogata and Ariake clays mostly as active. Significant positive correlations were found between smectite percentage in bulk soil and the liquid and plastic limits of the clays.     

原位生成离子液体分散液液萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水样中的莠去津

本文引入绿色溶剂离子液体作为萃取剂,建立了超声辅助-原位生成离子液体分散液液微萃取水样中莠去津的方法。即处理5 m L水溶液样品,以80μL的[HMIM]Cl为萃取剂,加入400μL配对离子交换剂双三氟甲磺酰亚胺锂盐(Li NTf2),通过原位生成的疏水性离子液体[HMIM]NTf2,对水中莠去津进行液液微萃取,经辅助超声10 min后4000 r/min离心8 min,结合高效液相色谱测定莠去津。莠去津的检出限为0.01mg/L,方法线性范围为0.01~0.5 mg/L,加标回收率(100.4%~106.7%)显著优于直接离子液体分散液液萃取法(67%)。这种原位生成离子液体微萃取技术有望应用于更广泛的有机污染物分析检测中。     

环境介质中典型新型有机污染物分析技术研究进展

环境中持久性有机污染物(POPs)、药物及个人护理品(PPCPs)和消毒水副产物(DBPs)等新型有机污染物对生态环境和人体健康具有潜在威胁,研究其来源、检测方法、环境分布和迁移转化已经成为热点。新型有机污染物组成复杂,如短链氯化石蜡有7000多种同类物,采用传统分析手段无法实现分离,对这些物质的准确定性和定量面临挑战。近年来在新型有机污染物检测技术开发方面已取得较大进展:根据待测样品的性质可使用快速溶剂萃取、固相微萃取等多种提取方法,凝胶渗透色谱、多层复合层析柱和固相萃取柱是有效的净化手段,采用气相色谱-质谱或液相色谱-质谱实现了对指示性单体准确定性定量,检出限可达ng/g级。但对于环境影响较大的新型有机污染物如手性多氯联苯(PCBs),由于各手性PCBs单体之间在分离过程中发生峰共溢现象,需要应用专门的手性色谱柱进行分析,尚未建立可靠的检测方法。本文认为,一方面需要探索磁性固相基质分散萃取技术等高效的前处理技术对干扰物质进行有效分离;另一方面需要提高全二维气相/液相色谱、傅里叶变换质谱等色谱/质谱检测技术的识别性和灵敏度,开发出简便、标准化的定量方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定罗非鱼中孔雀石绿残留量的不确定度

依据JJF10591—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》,分析高效液相色谱法测定罗非鱼中孔雀石绿残留量不确定度的来源,从影响不确定度的标准溶液配制us、样品前处理up和仪器测量uu等3个主要因素,对不确定度各个分量进行计算和合成,得出罗非鱼中孔雀石绿的扩展不确定度U=088（k=2）。     

The effects of hydrogen bonding on the shear viscosity of liquid water

As one of the fundamental physical properties of fluids, viscosity is considered to be the result of intermolecular forces and molecular momentum exchange. In this paper, we assume that hydrogen bonds, as the dominant intermolecular force, dominate the shear viscosity of liquid water and a relationship between the shear viscosity and hydrogen bonding is developed using dimensional analysis,which is further validated by computational chemistry methods. Water, methanol and ethanol are taken as examples to illustrate shear viscosity accounting for intermolecular forces and momentum exchange and their temperature dependence as a result of molecular thermal motions. The calculated shear viscosity of water is consistent with experimental data, which supports the idea that we can use the conceptual model to reveal the nature of shear viscosity.     

与飞机观测资料对比评估WRF微物理方案集合的模拟能力

使用WRF模式中的Morrison,WSM6,SBM,P3四种微物理方案的集合,模拟中尺度对流系统降水过程.研究发现不同的微物理方案模拟的对流云区液态含水量,冰水含量的垂直分布各不相同,而模拟的层状云区液态含水量,冰水含量的垂直分布结果相似.总的来说与其他方案相比,Morrison方案和集合平均的结果最接近观测值.我们...     

Impact of narrow plates on broader liquid bodies

Analytical leading-order solutions are given for liquid bodies that hit a rigid plate in impulsive incompressible impact. The liquid bodies are broader than the impacting plate which causes a mixed boundary condition. The initial velocity field, the corresponding pressure impulse field, and the associated virtual masses are calculated. The following liquid body geometries are studied: 2D rectangles hit symmetrically by the plate, including a case with impermeable sidewalls, asymmetric hit of a 2D rectangle, and symmetric hit of a 3D rectangular box, and of a circular cylinder. A plausible estimate for liquid impact is that a marine structure can never be struck by a greater force impulse than the momentum of incoming liquid perpendicular to its own cross section. By comparing the virtual mass with the total projected fluid mass above the plate for the different liquid body geometries, it is found that the estimate holds for all the computed cases.     

液体表层层状介质导波频散曲线研究

随着地震勘探向浅海、湖泊等流体覆盖层的渗透,存在液体表层或夹层介质中导波的传播研究受到人们重视.在前人研究工作的基础上,本文对存在上覆液体层时的两层、三层以及低速夹层的固体层状介质模型的频散曲线进行了数值计算,分析了当上覆液体表层的厚度变化时多模式导波频散曲线特征.通过与没有液体表层时的完全固体介质模型相对比,研究了存在上覆液体表层时多模式导波频散曲线独特的形态特征,进一步引伸出在滩浅海进行地震勘探中应注意的问题.为在滩浅海及湖泊等表层为液体覆盖层的地区利用导波进行勘探和研究提供一定的研究思路和理论依据.     

Li-F花岗岩液态分离的稀土地球化学标志

华南和其他国家典型Ｌｉ－Ｆ花岗岩的１１８个稀土分析研究表明,随Ｌｉ－Ｆ花岗岩由早至晚阶段或自下而上不同岩相演化,稀土模式曲线有三种变化类型：①降低变化,②升高变化,③突然变化等类型。①称为正向演化类型,是结晶分异结果;②称为反向演化类型,代表气液分馏为主的液态分离;③称为演化突变类型,是不混溶为主的液态分离形成。因此,不混溶为主的液态分离标志是稀土模式演化突变类型和Ｌｉ－Ｆ花岗岩在ＲＥＥ－（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）ｎ、Ｌａ／Ｓｍ－Ｌａ（μｇ／ｇ）图解中主演化方向线与次演化方向线或与成分点呈分离特点。气液分馏为主的液态分离标志是稀土模式反向演化类型和Ｌｉ－Ｆ花岗岩在ＲＥＥ－（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）ｎ、Ｌａ／Ｓｍ－Ｌａ（μｇ／ｇ）图解中主演化方向线,指向图解的右上方等