Best prediction in linear models with mixed integer/real unknowns: theory and application

In this contribution, we extend the existing theory of minimum mean squared error prediction (best prediction). This extention is motivated by the desire to be able to deal with models in which the parameter vectors have real-valued and/or integer-valued entries. New classes of predictors are introduced, based on the principle of equivariance. Equivariant prediction is developed for the real-parameter case, the integer-parameter case, and for the mixed integer/real case. The best predictors within these classes are identified, and they are shown to have a better performance than best linear (unbiased) prediction. This holds true for the mean squared error performance, as well as for the error variance performance. We show that, in the context of linear model prediction, best predictors and best estimators come in pairs. We take advantage of this property by also identifying the corresponding best estimators. All of the best equivariant estimators are shown to have a better precision than the best linear unbiased estimator. Although no restrictions are placed on the probability distributions of the random vectors, the Gaussian case is derived separately. The best predictors are also compared with least-squares predictors, in particular with the integer-based least-squares predictor introduced in Teunissen (J Geodesy, in press, 2006).     

脉冲激光抽运铷原子钟研究

对脉冲激光抽运、微波分立场共振和自由感应微波辐射或者光吸收检测方案（POP）的铷原子钟进行了理论和实验研究。理论研究表明,POP原子钟,可以消除光频移,有效地减小腔牵引频移,从而有利于提高原子钟的稳定度;且微波脉冲面积为π/2时,微波Ramsey条纹的线宽为传统Ramsey条纹的一半,从而提高了原子品质因数。实验获得了...     

野外大长度量值传递稳定性与可靠性分析

因瓦基线尺是国家野外大长度量值传递的法定标准器,本文通过对一组因瓦基线尺多年的检定资料、基线场的多次测量成果以及与维塞拉光波干涉仪测量成果的比较分析,论述我国野外大长度量值传递的稳定性与可靠性.     

线阵CCD指向角解算方法的模拟实验研究

本文根据卫星线阵CCD指向角的特点提出简化解算模型,用单位四元数来描述旋转角,以几乎无偏估计作为平差方法。通过一系列模拟实验证实在外方位元素初值比较准确的前提下可以以较高精度求得设计的参数。模拟了不同的姿态稳定度、控制点精度、控制点密度、岭参数及航线长度对解算结果的影响。     

测量极值问题的经验解式--兼论绝对和极小问题

测量上有许多极值问题,如各种准则下的平差,权的最优分配,网的优化方案等,多可归于线性极值问题,且多不适用寻常数学解法。但同型问题往往已经作过多次解算。因此本文以单纯形法为主,强调利用已有经验,直接逼近优解,或经少数次迭进达到优解,然后极值条件加以验证。为此文中着重提出通用解式及优解条件,期能得出优解公式,有相当的适用范围。     

兰坪盆地遥感地质及化探综合分析在成矿预测中的应用

在遥感图像目视解译的基础上,对兰坪盆地的线性构造和环形构造做了详细定量分析,结合已知矿床（ 点） 分布及地球化学异常分析,圈定出了４ 个最有利的成矿远景区,这对进一步研究和指导该区找矿十分有用。     

On the growth of disturbances to forced and dissipated barotropic flows

Abstract

We consider the growth of disturbances to large-scale zonally-asymmetric steady states in a truncated spectral model for forced and dissipated barotropic flow. A variant of the energy method is developed to optimize the instantaneous disturbance energy growth rate. The method involves solving a matrix eigenvalue problem amenable to standard numerical techniques. Two applications are discussed. (1) The global stability of a family of steady states is assessed in terms of the Ekman damping coefficient r. It is shown that monotonic global stability (i.e., every disturbances energy monotonically decays to zero) prevails when r≥r_c . (2) Initially fastest-growing disturbances are constructed in the r<r_c regime. Particular attention is paid to a subregion of the r<r_c regime where initially-growing disturbances exist despite stability with respect to normal modes. Nonlinear time-dependent simulations are performed in order to appraise the time evolution of various disturbances.     

基于坐标转换的高铁平面精测网复测稳定性分析方法探讨

首先介绍了现有各级平面精测网复测稳定性分析的常规方法,然后结合GRP网中判别CPⅢ点稳定性的方法,尝试使用三参数坐标转换进行高铁平面精测网复测稳定性分析,最后以某高铁CPI控制网实测数据为例进行分析.结果表明,不能完全使用三参数坐标转换代替常规方法进行精测网的稳定性分析,但可在使用坐标转换后的点位残差进行稳定性评价时,...     

港珠澳大桥沉管隧道贯通误差预计

针对港珠澳大桥沉管隧道的安全贯通问题,该文从隧道外GPS网的布设及施测方法出发,通过多期复测数据评价GPS网具有可靠的测量精度;通过对GPS网点的稳定性分析,阐明了沉管隧道地面控制点位无法长期保留、稳定性差的特点;最后就GPS网引起的贯通误差影响值进行了估算。     

基于计算机视觉的相机标定方法

随着航空摄影测量及倾斜摄影技术的不断推广,其相机传感器受内在及外在因素的影响,使得相机畸变参数的准确性并不是稳定如一,因而极大限制了数据处理的效率.针对这一问题,本文以解决相机畸变参数的准确性作为出发点,从相机成像原理出发,分析相机成像中的误差,介绍相机标定的方法,对相机标定进行实验分析,以达到准确标定相机参数的目的,...