西安市土地利用与环境关系的协调研究

In this paper we adopt annual land use conditions change data, land sifting data, social, economic and population data and environment information of nine districts and four counties in Xi＇an city from 1980 to 2000 to analyze its structural and degree change of land use since the 1980s, and calculate the benefits and transformation of land use type. The results show that the non-agricultural land increased rapidly, especially the urban and rural residential spots and industrial and mining （RIM） land use increased mostly rapidly, an increase of 64%. Meanwhile, the intensity of land exploitation was accelerating, land was transformed to industries with better benefit and areas experiencing faster urbanization process. By analyzing the harmonious degree of land exploitation in economic and environmental aspects, we find out that the land use imbalance mainly existed in the municipal area of Xi＇an, and the imbalance index of land use based on GDP and non-agricultural population were respectively 12.37 and 14.67 in 2000, which were far higher than those in other regions. Nevertheless the environmental harmonious degree in the municipal area of Xi＇an ranges between 0.6 and 0.8, which was better than that of suburban area. Some proposals addressing to the problems of harmonious level in all scales, resources utilization, projects management and feasibility analysis and intensive urbanization are also put forward.     

288.15 K-323.15 K下氯化锂、硫酸锂溶液的密度及摩尔体积研究

用振荡管密度计测定了常压下,温度在288.15-323.15 K范围内不同离子强度的LiCl和 Li₂SO₄溶液的密度,计算了两种锂盐在不同温度下的表观摩尔体积,溶液的浓度范围分别为(0.1~18.9) mol·kg-1及(0.03~3.0)mol·kg-1。用Pitzer离子相互作用模型拟合了LiCl和Li₂SO₄不同温度下的的Pitzer单电解质体积参数,模型的计算值与实验值相吻合良好。     

Holocene Sea Levels and Coastal Change,South-west Viti Levu Island,Fiji

For the first time, a sediment core spanning the entire Holocene has been analysed from Fiji. The 6 m core was obtained from the floor of an ancient coastal lagoon (palaeolagoon) adjacent to Bourewa, the site of the earliest known human settlement in this island group. The basal sediments, just above bedrock, date from 11 470 cal bp. A major transition occurs around 8000 cal bp where marine influences on palaeolagoon sedimentation increase sharply. Full shallow-water marine conditions are attained around 4630 cal bp and last until 3480 cal bp after which there is a regressive phase. The results agree with the area-specific predictions of sea level in the ICE-4G model, particularly in the timing of the highstand. In addition, the results support the ideas (a) that early human colonisation of Fiji occurred during the late Holocene regression, (b) that the first inhabitants of Bourewa utilised both nearshore marine (reefal) and brackish lagoon food sources, and (c) that the abrupt human abandonment of the area around 2500 cal bp could have been prompted by a reduction in these resources driven largely by sea-level fall.     

西安市生态环境与经济发展的耦合关系

采用耦合协调模型对2000—2013年西安市生态环境系统和经济系统进行综合评价分析,并对两大系统的耦合关系及耦合度演变趋势进行研究。结果表明:生态环境系统综合水平呈现在波动中下降的演变趋势,经济系统综合发展水平呈现在波动中上升的演变趋势;西安市生态环境和经济发展二者协调性由低水平的经济滞后失调型发展为高水平的生态环境滞后协调型,并存在工业废气排量增加和不合理的产业结构等问题,因此,需加强污染物排放的控制与监管,实施绿色考核制度,坚持绿色生活方式,从转变经济增长方式和增长动力2个角度出发,从而实现区域经济社会可持续发展。     

西安市多利益主体旅游供需协调感知差异

以入境游客、旅游企业、居民、政府4个利益主体为研究对象,基于设计的22项关于旅游供需协调的测量条款数据,采用均值和方差分析法,对西安市旅游供需协调的感知及其差异进行分析。结果表明:(1)四大利益主体对旅游吸引物要素中的城市风光、旅游景区价值和类型以及民俗风情感知度普遍较高。(2)入境游客与旅游企业、居民间的感知差异较显著。(3)四大利益主体对旅游接待设施的感知差异较小。(4)旅游企业与居民在市内交通和景区内部交通感知差异显著。     

城市贫困群体主观生活质量研究——以西安市典型社区为例

基于调查问卷和半结构式访谈的数据,以西安市典型社区贫困群体的主观生活质量为研究对象,分别采用语义差别法研究生活环境感知、熵权TOPSIS 法测算主观满意度、关联网络法分析生活感受特征。结果表明：① 贫困群体对生活环境感知存在局限性,感知能力较差,大多数人群感知结果偏向于正,形成主观感知与客观事实存在偏差的特征。② 贫困群体对生活质量感知较为敏感。就生活质量主观满意度而言,贫困群体主观满意度不高,离各指标的最优状态还相差甚远。4个典型地区贫困人群的主观满意度同处于中等偏低水平。就生活质量感受特征而言,贫困群体对其生活状况的感受整体上是消极的和负面的,生活的不满主要与工作状况、薪资水平密切相关,生活的满意感主要与邻里关系及交通条件等有关。③ 不同类型社区贫困群体感知差异显著,形成原因与典型社区的规划建设背景、所处地理位置、现有功能定位等因素有关。     

Drying and dying of a subducted slab: Coupled Li and B isotope variations in Western Anatolia Cenozoic Volcanism

In lavas spanning ~ 10Ma of subduction-related volcanism in Western Anatolia, we observe remarkably similar patterns of δ⁷Li and δ¹¹B variation. In this setting, magmatism records a transition from calc–alkaline to ultrapotassic character, consistent with overall lower mean extents of melting, and a changing mantle source that reflects a fractionating, higher temperature slab input consistent with the gradual cessation of subduction. Subsequent rift-related intraplate magmatism record δ⁷Li signatures within the range observed for MORBs and OIBs, indicating an abrupt transition to a mantle source unmodified by subduction.     

ICP-MS测定矿泉水中锂和锶含量的不确定度分析

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对饮用天然矿泉水中的锂和锶进行测定,分析了测定过程中不确定度的主要来源,按JJF 1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》对各个不确定度来源进行分析评定,给出了此法测定过程中的扩展不确定度,使得测定结果的表达更加客观和真实.     

Données nouvelles sur la stratigraphie des terrains carbonifères de la Meseta orientale marocaine (boutonnières de Debdou,Mekam et Jerada)

Lower Carboniferous deposits from Eastern Morocco are located in small depressions within a more or less mountainous Jurassic area. Sections from Tafechna, Flouch and Oued Korima (Debdou and Mekam basins, Eastern Morocco) are accurately described. Owing to detailed field examination, misinterpreted lithological aspects are corrected, i.e. volcano-sedimentary deposits are very important and carbonate deposits almost absent.Debdou yields alternations of blackish shales and sandstones with intercalations of tuffites overlain by volcanoclastic or calcareous sandstones, whose turbiditic origin is indicated by graded-bedding and scour casts, and also by reworked oolites and Foraminifera. Mekam shows slumped limestones and conglomerates with basement pebbles, cemented by carbonates, and with some reworked Foraminifera, overlain by alternations of greenish shales, tuffaceous siltstones and ashes.The stratigraphical background of these sections is also explicited or modified. Existence of Tournaisian beds is excluded. Assemblages of Foraminifera are always uppermost Visean or lowermost Serpukhovian in age. New palynological data agree with this fact; so do former Goniatites datings.These series are paralleled with the well-known series of the area: Jerada, Tazekka, Northern Olistostrome (including Jorf Ouazzene, Zekkara and Tannecherfi outcrops). These comparisons concern at the same time the biostratigraphy, the environments, the volcanism, etc. The Uppermost Visean We stratigraphy of Jerada is established as well as the Serpukhovian E1-E2 stratigraphy from Tazekka and Northern Olistostrome, where V3c remains are reworked.Importance of Brigantian (V3c) substage is emphasized at the regional scale, it is the maximal transgression time upon the Devonian epimetamorphic substrate; transgression probably begun in the Upper Asbian (V3b).Knowledge of Serpukhovian (= Namurian A) within the various basins needs new investigations. This stage is still characterized locally by a volcanic activity and important tectono-sedimentary movements. Other periods of Namurian-Westphalian are only known at present within the Jerada basin.Accurate datings, especially during the We, prove the diversity of paleoenvironments and their close juxtaposition: volcanoes, marshes, hills, carbonate platforms, paleocanyons, etc. This landscape seems to be divided into compartments by N30 and N70 faults producing horst and graben structures, which could also be strike-slip faults.

Correspondence to: D. Vachard     

The Lago di Varano: Hydrologic Characteristics and Sediment Composition

Abstract. The Lago di Varano is situated on the north side of the Gargano National Park (southeast Italy) and covers a surface area of about 65 km². It communicates with the Adriatic Sea through two artificial canals (Foce Capoiale and Foce Varano) located at the two ends of a long and narrow coastal dune. This work presents preliminary results of four seasonal surveys (1999–2000) carried out to measure chemical and physical parameters of the water column (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH) and to analyse a number of biogeochemical characteristics of surface sediments (organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and total Hg, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni content). Water analysis indicated poor exchange between the coastal pond and the open sea, limited to autumn and winter. Surface sediments were rich in organic matter, whose distribution was influenced by chemical-physical and hydrodynamic variations in the water column. At the sediment level, the highest values of Cd were found in the central zone of the basin, while the highest Cr values were measured in the central and southeastern areas. With the exception of Cd and Pb, the metal content did not indicate anthropogenic pollution, in particular when compared with the Venice Lagoon and the Central Adriatic Sea.