基于扩散滤波的多尺度三维变分研究

将扩散方程引入三维变分分析,揭示了传统3D-VAR不能有效提取多尺度观测信息的根本原因,即观测导致的目标函数梯度在空间的不连续分布.将扩散滤波融入基于梯度的最优化算法,发展了基于扩散滤波的多尺度3D-VAR.海表面温度数据同化试验结果表明,新方法可从长波至短波有效地提取多尺度的观测信息.     

Mathematical Models for Combined Refraction-Diffraction of Waves on Non-Uniform Current and Depth

Two mathematical models for combined refraction-diffraction of regular and irregular waves on non-uniform current in water of slowly varying topography are presented in this paper. Model I is derived by wave theory and variational principle separately. It has two kinds of expressions including the dissipation term. Model n is based on the energy conservation equation with energy flux through the wave crest lines in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates and the wave kinematic conservation equation. The analysis and comparison and special cases of these two models are also given.     

A Modified Form of Mild-Slope Equation with Weakly Nonlinear Effect

Nonlinear effect is of importance to waves propagating from deep water to shallow water.Thenon-linearity of waves is widely discussed due to its high precision in application.But there are still someproblems in dealing with the nonlinear waves in practice.In this paper,a modified form of mild-slope equa-tion with weakly nonlinear effect is derived by use of the nonlinear dispersion relation and the steady mild-slope equation containing energy dissipation.The modified form of mild-slope equation is convenient to solvenonlinear effect of waves.The model is tested against the laboratory measurement for the case of a submergedelliptical shoal on a slope beach given by Berkhoff et al,The present numerical results are also comparedwith those obtained through linear wave theory.Better agreement is obtained as the modified mild-slope e-quation is employed.And the modified mild-slope equation can reasonably simulate the weakly nonlinear ef-fect of wave propagation from deep water to coast.     

夏季长江冲淡水转向机制分析

利用 1 95 9,1 975 - 1 982年及 1 998年夏季各月黄、东海盐度分布和相应风场资料 ,分析讨论了长江冲淡水夏季的扩展路径。指出 :除海底坡降外 ,由 S向的苏北沿岸流和 N,NE向的浙东沿岸流及台湾暖流构成的“力偶”,是使冲淡水向左扭转的重要外力之一。用近岸均质模型和远岸双层模型的涡度方程定性讨论了冲淡水的转向机制     

New Numerical Scheme for Simulation of Hyperbolic Mild-Slope Equation

The original hyperbolic mild-slope equation can effectively take into account the combined effects of wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction and reflection, but does not consider the nonlinear effect of waves, and the existing numerical schemes for it show some deficiencies. Based on the original hyperbolic mild-slope equation, a nonlinear dispersion relation is introduced in present paper to effectively take the nonlinear effect of waves into account and a new numerical scheme is proposed. The weakly nonlinear dispersion relation and the improved numerical scheme are applied to the simulation of wave transformation over an elliptic shoal. Numerical tests show that the improvement of the numerical scheme makes efficient the solution to the hyperbolic mild-slope equation. A comparison of numerical results with experimental data indicates that the results obtained by use of the new scheme are satisfactory.     

青岛海陆风三维结构的数值模拟

本文采用 1个陡地形影响修正的三维中尺度流体静力的气象学模式 ,对青岛地区海陆风的日变化规律和三维结构进行了较细致的分析。结果显示 ,青岛有多支海陆风存在 ,且每支海陆风出现的时间、强度和向内陆伸展的距离有很大的不同。这其中沿岸山地的机械和热力作用扮演着重要的角色。在观测站 ,模拟结果和实测资料等方面有较好的一致性。     

蒸发波导环境下风浪对电磁波传播影响的数值模拟研究

蒸发波导是一种特殊的大气波导,在其中传播的电磁波信号会被陷获在近海大气层中,实现超视距传播。受海表面温度、湿度、风速、微波频率等因素的影响,海洋蒸发波导环境中的微波传播特性起伏变化很大,规律十分复杂。以往的工作主要通过计算这些气象因素对蒸发波导条件下大气折射率剖面的影响来分析它们对路径损失的作用,其结果与实验数据仍有较大差异。本文在一定的蒸发波导条件下,利用一维分形海面模型产生海面“地形”,将其作为抛物方程电磁波传播模型的边界条件进行计算,得到相应的路径损失,并与传统计算方法进行对比,分析了不同蒸发波导高度、不同频率及不同接收天线高度时的数值模拟情况,可为舰艇通信系统或者雷达系统的设计提供相应的依据。     

地球物理学中的电磁场正演与反演

本文在近年来众多的地球物理研究者的研究基础上,总结了当前地电磁模型正反演已有成果,定量分析了各种主要正反演的性能测试,指出不同正反演法的优点、缺点以及应用范围局限,提出了各种方法的发展趋势以及当前计算地球物理领域的核心内容,指出了计算地球物理领域的数值模拟发展方向.     

共炮检距道集波动方程保幅叠前深度偏移方法

本文提出了一种基于双平方根算子的共炮检距道集波动方程保幅叠前深度偏移方法,将振幅误差补偿作为偏移的一部分与“运动学偏移”一起在偏移过程中实现.其基本内容包括：(1)从保幅的单平方根算子方程出发,推导出由双平方根算子定义的保幅单程波方程;(2)根据地震波摄动理论把速度场分裂为层内常速背景和变速扰动,分别在频率－波数域和频率－空间域求得波场深度延拓的偏移时移量及振幅校正系数,从而得到最终的DSR保幅波场延拓算子;(3)在高频假设条件下,把DSR保幅波场延拓公式中的积分运算进行稳相近似,得到保幅波场延拓的相移公式.理论分析和模型数值试验表明,该方法不但可以使散射能量聚焦、归位,提高成像精度;而且可以输出正确反映地下反射系数的振幅信息,为后续的地震属性分析（如AVO/AVA）提供更真实的地震信息.     

双复杂条件下的波动方程叠前深度偏移

复杂地表条件下的地震勘探越来越被人们所关注.双复杂条件下的叠前深度偏移方法是解决复杂地表条件和复杂地质构造成像的有效手段."波场上延"法能实现由非水平观测界面开始的偏移过程,解决复杂地表对地下构造成像的影响.复杂理论模型的试算以及实际资料处理表明,"波场上延"方法较好地克服了起伏地形对地下构造成像的影响,取得了令人满意的效果,实现了波动方程基准面校正和深度成像的有机结合.