基于SPOT影像与Fragstats软件的区域景观指数提取与分析

景观指数是衡量区域景观质量的重要参数,也是进行区域生态规划、管理和恢复的重要信息依据。针对传统已有的矢量地图信息源及Excel、SPSS软件在景观指数计算中存在的不足和不便之处,研究了在ENVI4．2下,基于高分辨率SPOT-5遥感影像的自动景观分类及Fragstats3．3软件支持下的景观指数自动提取的计算方法,以屈原农场为例进行了实验研究,制作了景观现状图和计算部分景观指数。实验表明：该方法对景观质量的评价信息获取效率高、时效性强,通过快速分析与评价手段,可以大大地促进区域进行规划、管理和恢复的科学性和可操作性。     

Risk and decision making analyses and applications to the petroleum exploration — A certain PSC area

Risk is a critical factor that an investor must take into account, regardless of where money is invested. Before making important decisions in petroleum exploration, it is standard practice to calculate the expected monetary value for each given prospect. Because of the large uncertainty inherent in decisions that involve large sums of money, the investor needs to exercise prudence. This paper describes an application of calculating the expected monetary value in a mature producing area in the Malacca Strait PSC Contract Area, Indonesia.     

Construction of Porphyra yezoensis Pure Line from Protoplasts and Its 18S rDNA Sequence Determination

1　Introduction　PorphyraisthemainobjectforalgafarmingandplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesemarineindus tries.Recently ,therehasbeenagreatlossinPor phyracultivationduetothedegenerationoftheculti var,sothereisanincreasingdemandforgoodPor phyracultivars .Theprerequisiteofthetraditionalbreed ingandbioengineeringresearchofPorphyraistheconstructionofpurelines .Traditionally ,theclassifi cationofPorphyrawasaccordingtotheirmorphologi calcharacteristics .However ,mostmorphologicalfea turesofPorphyraar…     

河西走廊园林绿化树种选择及综合性能数量化评价

树种选取是城镇实现"绿化、美化、净化、香化、彩化"和持续发展的前提, 对于干旱沙区的城镇更为重要。现依据"适地适树、结构自然、突出特色、丰富多彩、功能优化"的原则, 采用层次分析法综合评判和选择确定甘肃河西城镇绿化的基调树种12种、骨干树种41种、一般树种54种、边缘树种47种。基调树种中有常绿乔木2种、落叶乔木7种、落叶灌木1种, 属于乡土树种的7种, 外来树种近占一半; 骨干树种中有常绿树种3种(乔木1种)、落叶乔木24种、落叶灌木14种, 属于乡土树种的14种, 外引树种占其3/4。     

祁连山东部地区树木年轮年表的建立

利用采自祁连山东部的祁连圆柏样芯,经常规程序晾干、固定、打磨、定年和读数后,建立了标准化年表,并将标准年表的树轮指数与采样点附近的天祝乌鞘岭气象站的温度和降水进行了相关分析。结果表明,年轮指数与3~4月降水呈显著正相关,相关系数达0.525。由于3~4月份的降水为该地区树木生长季之初的降水,是树木生长的限制因子,因此该相关具有明确的生物学意义。研究还发现,年轮指数与1月气温也呈显著负相关(相关系数为- 0.297),这可能是由于冬季最冷月气温偏高时,影响树木代谢和土壤湿度,从而影响树木的生长。祁连山东部地区树木年轮年表具有明确的气候学意义。     

Local entropy map: a nonparametric approach to detecting spatially varying multivariate relationships

The relationship between two or more variables may change over the geographic space. The change can be in parameter values (e.g., regression coefficients) or even in relation forms (e.g., linear, quadratic, or exponential). Existing local spatial analysis methods often assume a relationship form (e.g., a linear regression model) for all regions and focus only on the change in parameter values. Therefore, they may not be able to discover local relationships of different forms simultaneously. This research proposes a nonparametric approach, a local entropy map, which does not assume a prior relationship form and can detect the existence of multivariate relationships regardless of their forms. The local entropy map calculates an approximation of the Rényi entropy for the multivariate data in each local region (in the geographic space). Each local entropy value is then converted to a p-value by comparing to a distribution of permutation entropy values for the same region. All p-values (one for each local region) are processed by several statistical tests to control the multiple-testing problem. Finally, the testing results are mapped and allow analysts to locate and interactively examine significant local relationships. The method is evaluated with a series of synthetic data sets and a real data set.     

Understanding grower demographics,motivations and management practices to improve engagement,extension and industry resilience: a case study of the macadamia industry in the Northern Rivers,Australia

Research and development programs for improved productivity and profitability in horticulture have focused largely on understanding biophysical factors and production and harvest technologies. By contrast, relatively few studies focus upon the existing status of a rural community in terms of demographics, rationales and motivations underlying current farm management practices. Understanding such factors is increasingly important as pressures from climate change, globalised market forces, land-use competition and ageing workforces intersect on farms and for farmers. This paper explores experiences among macadamia growers in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia, with the aim to better understand and improve the targeting of development programs to meet grower needs and aspirations, for improved industry resilience. Results suggest that growers are a diverse, ageing demographic who came into the industry with a variety of skill sets. Noting a lack of previous farming experience for many growers, we highlight the need to consider information transfer and succession planning, along with aspirations to consolidate properties and skills. New engagement approaches are recommended, with tailored extension to different grower groups. To aid with this process, a classification tree was developed for the purposes of separating growers into groups with different support needs.     

考虑不确定性的地震危险性分析方法及其应用

本文讨论了目前地震危险性分析过程中的不确定性及其对危险性分析结果的影响。引入“逻辑树”方法处理了四川某工程场地的地震危险性,最后用三种方法给出了地震危险性分析结果。