Geochronological and geochemical constraints on formation of the Tongling metal deposits,middle Yangtze metallogenic belt,east‐central China

The Tongling district is one of the most important non‐ferrous metal producers in China. The origin of Cu–Au deposits in the region is closely related to Late Mesozoic intermediate intrusions, which are mainly high‐K calc‐alkaline and shoshonitic series. Geochemical characteristics indicate that these granitic rocks are mixtures of more than two compositional end‐members, i.e. mantle‐derived melts and crust components incorporated through assimilation. Three important magmatic intrusions related to the Cu–Au deposits in the Tongling region – the Jiguanshi quartz monzodiorite, the Xishizishan quartz diorite and the Miaojia diorite porphyry – were selected for this study. Zircon U–Pb dating by LA ICP‐MS yielded two groups of ages (～130–132 and 138–140 Ma) for these intrusions. Pyrite Re–Os age for the Xinqiao Cu–Fe–S deposit in the Tongling region is 126±11 Ma. Trace elements of zircon grains show that the earlier Cu–Au mineralization event was associated with adakitic rocks characterized by high positive Ce anomalies, produced at an elevated oxygen fugacity range. In contrast, later iron‐sulphur mineralization was closely related to low positive Ce anomalies, reflecting low oxygen fugacities. Considering that Pacific lithospheric subduction was the dominant factor that controlled major tectonic evolution in eastern China during the Early Cretaceous, the geochemical characteristics of these coeval ore‐forming intermediate intrusive rocks in the Tongling district were likely the result of Pacific plate underflow.     

行星会合指数变化与太阳绕太阳系质心运转的周期

本文创建了行星会合指数(K)运动学方程,通过定义的行星会合指数可以指代行星会合与相背离的程度,进而发现太阳(S)绕太阳系质心(C)运动的轨迹、形态变化特征.对该运动学方程构建的图像分析发现,太阳绕太阳系质心转动有近半程时间,太阳系质心是处于太阳本体之内.以质量为权重求出了行星系质心运日运动的恒星周期,从而获得了太阳绕太阳系质心运转的真正周期为21.8192年(约22年),并得到了太阳绕太阳系质心运动的轨迹.     

长庆油田长7段黏土矿物X衍射分析K因子的求取及应用

过去一直被认为是烃源岩的长7段泥页岩,目前被证实可以作为页岩油储层,这就使得定量分析长7段岩石中各类黏土矿物含量变得十分重要。由于不同地区黏土矿物结晶程度存在差异,导致传统X衍射定量分析的行业标准并不具有普适性,因此要精确测量长7段黏土矿物含量,就需要针对研究区具体情况,实测一套符合该区情况的K因子。利用X衍射定量分析中的K因子法,以石英为内标物,求取长7段岩石中各类黏土矿物的K因子,进而计算出了各矿物的含量。此外,通过X荧光光谱矿物化学配平以及热重分析两种方法对相应样品进行了黏土矿物的定量和半定量分析,进一步验证了K因子的正确性,分析结果与利用K因子法获得的矿物含量具有较好的一致性。所求取的K因子,对今后该区域利用X射线衍射法定量分析黏土矿物含量提供了基础参数,从而可以促进判断页岩的岩性、对比不同岩性岩石中单矿物含量及变化关系等方面的研究。     

The upper Maastrichtian dinosaur fossil record from the southern Pyrenees and its contribution to the topic of the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction event

In the present paper, the fossil record of the archosaurs (dinosaurs, crocodylomorphs and pterosaurs) of the southern Pyrenees before the Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K–Pg) transition is revised. On the basis of this fossil record, a well-dated succession of dinosaurs and other archosaurs is established within polarity magnetochrons C30 and C29r. Almost 150 sites with dinosaur remains have been identified, containing hadrosauroid ornithopods, titanosaur sauropods and theropods, as well as egg sites and tracks. Fossil remains of dinosaurs and other archosaurs are abundant in C29r, disappearing abruptly near the top of the “Lower Red Garumnian” unit of the Tremp Formation. Thus this should be located very close to, or coinciding with the K–Pg boundary. These data suggest that the disappearance of the dinosaurs and other archosaurs was geologically abrupt in the southern Pyrenees, but to date there is no incontrovertible evidence of the presence of the impact level that marks the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary. Interestingly, what is highlighted in the southern Pyrenees is that the vertebrate-rich upper Maastrichtian continental sites were replaced by similar sedimentological facies characterized by the virtual absence not only of dinosaurs but also of any vertebrate remain throughout the lower Palaeocene. This could mean that the Danian terrestrial ecosystems of the southern Pyrenees took longer than other areas of the world to recover their biodiversity after the K−Pg extinction event.     

矿物和玻璃中MgK-边X射线吸收光谱研究

我们利用同步辐射Ｘ射线吸收光谱已经研究了硅酸盐矿物、铝硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中的主要阴离子Ｓｉ、ＡｌＫ边Ｘ射线吸收光谱［１～５］,指出随着压力变化而引起Ｓｉ、ＡｌＫ边向高能位移而配位数增大的规律。硅由４配位（如石英）变成６配位（如柯石英）。Ａｌ在矿物结构中的配位不同,如４配位的蓝晶石、５配位的红柱石、６配位的矽线石。这些矿物的局部结构不同,其键长、键角也不同,从而引起矿物的物理性质发生明显的变化。Ｍｇ不仅是地壳中广泛分布的造岩元素,而且也是组成地幔物相和未分异的原始岩浆的主要成分,是组成造岩矿物的…     

Palaeotemperature curve for the Late Cretaceous of the northwestern circum-Pacific

In the northwestern circum-Pacific, two main trends in Late Cretaceous temperatures can be recognized. (1) In general, a recurrent warming trend is thought to have begun in the Turonian–Campanian, reaching temperature maxima in the early Late Santonian and early Late Campanian, and temperature minima in the earliest Santonian and perhaps early Campanian. (2) During the Maastrichtian, temperatures dropped sharply, with only a slight warming in the early Late Maastrichtian. The existence of a thermal maximum at the Coniacian–Santonian transition has previously been expected, but is not confirmed by new isotopic results.     

Petrology and CHIME geochronology of Pan-African high K and Sr/Y granitoids in the Nkambe area, Cameroon

The Central African Belt in the Nkambe area, northwestern Cameroon represents a collisional zone between the Saharan metacraton and the Congo craton during the Pan-African orogeny, and exposes a variety of granitoids including foliated and massive biotite monzogranites in syn- and post-kinematic settings. Foliated and massive biotite monzogranites have almost identical high-K calc-alkaline compositions, with 73–67 wt.% SiO₂, 17–13 wt.% Al₂O₃, 2.1–0.9 wt.% CaO, 4.4–2.7 wt.% Na₂O and 6.3–4.4 wt.% K₂O. High concentrations of Rb (264–96 ppm), Sr (976–117 ppm), Ba (3680–490 ppm) and Zr (494–99 ppm), with low concentrations of Y (mostly< 20 ppm with a range 54–6) and Nb (up to 24 ppm) suggest that the monzogranites intruded in collisional and post-collisional settings. The Sr/Y ratio ranges from 25 to 89. K, Rb and Ba resided in a single major phase such as K-feldspar in the source. Garnet was present in the source and remained as restite at the site of magma generation. This high K₂O and Sr/Y granitic magma was generated by partial melting of a granitic protolith under high-pressure and H₂O undersaturated conditions where garnet coexists with K-feldspar, albitic plagioclase. CHIME (chemical Th–U-total Pb isochron method) dating of zircon yields ages of 569 ± 12–558 ± 24 Ma for the foliated biotite monzogranite and 533 ± 12–524 ± 28 Ma for the massive biotite monzogranite indicating that the collision forming the Central African Belt continued in to Ediacaran (ca 560 Ma).     

沧州市土壤墒情变化规律研究

依据沧州市捷地旱情试验站2003~2014年监测资料,深入分析了沧州地区土壤墒情特点,研究了捷地试验站所代表区域(滨海平原区)的土壤墒情变化规律。采用实际观测资料,分析计算土壤消退系数K值,并求出逐月平均K值,建立退墒预报方案。构建P-θ_0-△θ组合图,即建立降雨量、雨前土壤含水率、雨后增墒的相关关系,由此分析得到土壤墒情增加的相关公式,进而可以较为准确地对未来墒情增加进行预报。通过2015年实测资料验证,比较增退墒方案以及经全面评定,其精度可以满足本地区墒情预报的要求。该成果对合理利用水资源,合理指导农作生产,促进水资源可持续发展,具有重要的现实意义。     

Reappraisal of the GL‐O Reference Material for K‐Ar Dating: New Insight from Microanalysis,Single‐Grain and Milligram Ar Measurements

The homogeneity and Ar‐dating suitability of the GL‐O reference material were re‐evaluated to determine whether this material is sufficiently homogeneous to be suitable for the calibration of modern high sensitivity instruments. Based on new micro‐analyses and noble gas determinations, our contribution reveals several kinds of inhomogeneity at the grain scale: disparity in the glauconitisation among and within the pellets, variable occurrence of a phosphatic component within pellets (1% m/m on average), and rare occurrences of calcite and detrital grains. Measurements on test portions of ≤ 1 mg reflect such heterogeneity with variability in ⁴⁰Ar* content that exceeds analytical uncertainty, including a few highly anomalous values. The lesser evolved glauconite population yielded ⁴⁰Ar* contents ~ 15% lower than the value of 24.8 nl g^?1 recommended by Odin et al. (1982, Numerical dating in stratigraphy. Wiley (Chichester, UK), 123–148). But the measured concentrations of ⁴⁰Ar* converge towards the aforementioned value as test portion mass increased to > 3 mg. A few rare 3 mg experiments still yielded ⁴⁰Ar* contents lower than the recommended value (down to 24.0 nl g^?1), and we recommend using more conservative minimum masses of 5–10 mg. A further purification step for GL‐O or the intercalibration of its powder version could be considered to diminish the size of the test portions and the intensity of the measured signals.     

填土压实质量检测及机载压实集成系统分析

对既有及正在开发中的填土压实检测技术的原理及实测方法进行了系统的介绍、分析及论证。在此基础上,阐述了开发填土压实检测与压实机械集成系统的必要性、研制机载集成系统时所依据的力学模型、实现途径及国内外关于压实机械集成系统研究、开发的最新进展,介绍了压实机械集成系统的工作原理及工作特性,同时指出了为适应当前及未来土建工程对填土压实质量（特别是沉降量及沉降速率等方面）的基本要求,应以填土压实层的力学强度（K30、动刚度系数等）作为开发压实机械集成系统时的参考对比指标。