Study on comparison between absolute and relative input energy spectra and effects of ductility factor

Introduction Estimation of an attenuation relationship for strong ground motion parameters has been an interesting research subject in the field of engineering seismology and has played a very important role in seismic safety evaluation, seismic zoning, seismic hazard evaluation of major constructions, etc. At present, the generally used parameters include peak acceleration, peak velocity and elastic response spectrum. Such parameters mentioned above are essentially independent of the duration…     

浓硫酸钠水溶液中的离子对

不同浓度的Na2SO4水溶液的拉曼光谱显示了SO42-的四个拉曼活性带:980 cm-1处的SO42-的对称伸缩振动模式v1带,1 106 cm-1处的反对称伸缩振动模式v3带,448 cm-1处的变形振动模式v2带和617 cm-1处的变形振动模式v4带。482 cm-1处的肩膀峰是由于NaSO4-离子对的形成对448 cm-1的v2带的影响而形成的SO42-的一个新的振动峰。浓Na2SO4水溶液中,水共享离子对[Na+.H2O.SO42-]-是主要的离子对物种。随着Na2SO4水溶液浓度的增加,Na+和SO42-的相互作用增强,NaSO4-离子对所占的摩尔分数增加。     

Multiple statistical approaches for the discrimination of mangrove species of Rhizophoraceae using transformed field and laboratory hyperspectral data

This study aims at discriminating eight mangrove species of Rhizophoraceae family of Indian east coast using field and laboratory spectra in spectral range (350–2500 nm). Parametric and non-parametric statistical analyses were applied on spectral data in four spectral modes: (i) reflectance (ii) continuum removed, (iii) additive inverse and (iv) continuum removed additive inverse. We introduced continuum removal of inverse spectra to utilize the advantage of continuum removal in reflectance region. Non-parametric test gave better separability than parametric test. Principal component analysis and stepwise discriminant analysis were applied for feature reduction and to identify optimal wavelengths for species discrimination. To quantify the separability, Jeffries–Matusita distance measure was derived. Green (550 nm), red edge (680–720 nm) and water absorption region (1470 and 1850 nm) were found to be optimal wavelengths for species discrimination. The continuum removal of additive inverse spectra gave better separability than the continuum removed spectra.     

四川地形扰动对降水分布影响

引入一维加权平均的谱分析方法定量研究四川地形强迫对该区域降水分布的影响。结果表明:纬向地形和冬季降水谱峰锁相于同一波长（475.8 km）,呈共振关系,地形与其他季节降水呈漂移关系,这与经向和纬向上环流变动有关,即冬季纬向环流占主导,纬向地形触发的大气波动对冬季降水策动作用大;夏季降水是各种不同尺度系统相互作用的结果,地形是重要因素之一。经向和纬向地形特征尺度分别为296.8 km和475.8 km,反映了地形强迫的中尺度特征,且纬向地形谱峰比经向大1个数量级,纬向强迫更明显。夏季降水谱峰比冬季大2个数量级,降水系统纬向特征尺度比冬季小约150 km,说明夏季在纬向地形强迫下,降水系统尺度减小的同时其强度大大增加,这在一定程度上可以解释中尺度对流性降水在夏季偏多。四川夏季最大降水位于雅安地区,其地形扰动比四川整体扰动更明显,故产生的降水也更大。夏季降水和经向地形锁相于同一波长（37.1 km）,经向地形对雅安夏季强降水起关键作用。     

La3+ 离子掺杂钨酸铅单晶的微结构缺陷

钨酸铅晶体是一种非化学计量化合物,缺陷丰富,蕴含着利用掺杂产生新效应和开发新功能的广泛可能性。探讨了不同浓度La3 掺杂对于钨酸铅晶体发光性能的影响,如热释光、X射线激发发光、光致发光等。La3 掺杂有效地抑制了陷阱中心,使发光受到强烈的抑制,在高浓度掺杂的钨酸铅中,激发机制有所改变,通过XPS测试的结果分析了不同浓度La3 掺杂机制。低浓度掺杂中,La3 取代Pb2 ,形成缺陷复合体[2(La3Pb ).-(VPb)″];高浓度掺杂晶体中,La3 离子不但占据Pb2 位置,而且也会占据W6 位置(La3W ),产生La3 的自补偿机制,形成La3 的自补偿对[(La3W )-(La3Pb ).]-(VO)..或缺陷聚集体[3(LaP3b ).-(La3W )]。     

大黄鱼病原副溶血弧菌拮抗菌的筛选

用点种法从大黄鱼肠道优势菌群中筛选出104株病原性副溶血弧菌的拮抗菌,进一步研究拮抗效果最好的11株拮抗菌的抗菌谱和生长曲线,其中NAC平板上筛选的4株拮抗菌的抗菌范围较广,锰营养琼脂培养基上筛选的3株拮抗菌具有生长优势。用BIOLOG板测定了抗菌谱较广、有一定生长优势3株拮抗菌(R22,Y58和J312)的碳源利用情况,结果表明,3株拮抗菌的碳源谱都比较广,都能利用糖类、有机酸和氨基酸等,而且与鱼类营养的竞争较小。16S rRNA基因同源性分析的结果显示与R22,Y58,J312同源性达99%以上的菌株分别来自弧菌属、芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属。进一步对R22,J312和Y58三株拮抗菌进行生化鉴定,结果显示R22为溶藻弧菌,J312为荧光假单胞菌,但Y58的种属未能得到确认。所得到的3株拮抗菌R22,Y58,J312在拮抗病原菌、抗菌谱、生长特性和营养利用等方面都初步满足益生菌的筛选条件,有待进一步检测其安全性和实用效果以便能够成为能实用的益生菌。     

Large-scale dune erosion tests to study the influence of wave periods

Large-scale physical model tests were performed to quantify the effects of the wave period on dune erosion. Attention was focussed on 2D cross-shore effects in a situation with sandy dunes and extreme water levels and wave conditions. Besides profile measurements, detailed measurements in time and space of water pressure, flow velocities and sediment concentrations were performed in the near near-shore area. It was concluded that a longer wave period leads to a larger dune erosion volume and to a larger landward retreat of the dune face. Tests with double-peaked wave spectra showed that the influence of the spectral shape on dune erosion was best represented by the T_m − 1,0 spectral mean wave period, better than the peak wave period, T_p. The effect of the wave period on dune erosion was implemented in a dune erosion prediction method that estimates erosion volumes during normative storm conditions for the Dutch coast. More details of the measurements and additional analyses of physical processes are described in an accompanying paper by Van Thiel de Vries et al. [Van Thiel de Vries, J.S.M., van Gent, M.R.A., Reniers, A.J.H.M. and Walstra, D.J.R., submitted for publication. Analysis of dune erosion processes in large scale flume experiments, In this volume of Coastal Engineering.].     

DFT对Rb+水合团簇及其相关性质的分析

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)在ωB97XD/gen (O、H元素Aug-cc-PVDZ; Rb元素Lanl2DZ)基组水平上研究了[Rb(H_2O)_n]~+(n=1～12)水合团簇的结构和光谱学性质。研究结果表明,通过分析气相和液相中的稳定能以及水合团簇可知,稳定构型出现在8配位的团簇中。第一配位层水分子数为8时形成Rb~+第一近似饱和水合层。此外,拉曼光谱显示[Rb(H_2O)_n]~+(n=1～12)水合团簇中O-H伸缩振动峰随着水分子数增加发生移动和加宽,Rb~+发生水合时,O-H对称和非对称伸缩振动发生红移,随着水合数的增多,频率蓝移。此外,文中对拉曼光谱中O-H振动的频率位置结合团簇结构进行了说明。     

由粒子吸收光谱提取浮游植物吸收光谱的人工神经网络方法

基于现场实验数据集及人工神经网络技术,论文提出了一种从海中粒子吸收光谱提取浮游植物吸收光谱的方法。这个数据集包含了海中粒子吸收光谱和对应的浮游植物吸收光谱,并被分为三个子集:训练集、印证集和试验集。本研究所利用的人工神经网络系统为多层感知器,训练后的人工神经网络的性能由印证集和试验集来评价。实验结果表明,文中所提出的方法可成功地提取浮游植物的吸收光谱,其提取精度与传统的实验方法相当。