Impulse approximation improved

Improved formulas of impulse approximation method for stellar perturbations are derived. The method proposed involves a deflection of the stellar path. It is also applicable to an arbitrary time interval. A comparison of the classical vs improved method is presented both in qualitative discussion and numerical results for Oort cloud cometary orbits.     

Wave types of landslide generated impulse waves

Subaerial landslide generated impulse waves were investigated in a prismatic wave channel. Seven governing parameters, namely the still water depth, slide impact velocity, slide thickness, bulk slide volume, bulk slide density, slide impact angle, and grain diameter, were systematically varied. The generated impulse waves are nonlinear, intermediate- to shallow-water waves involving a small to considerable fluid mass transport. The Stokes wave, cnoidal wave, solitary wave, and bore theories were applied to describe the observed maximum waves. The theoretical and observed features of these four wave types are highlighted. A diagram allows to predict the wave type directly as a function of the slide parameters, the slide impact angle, and the still water depth.     

极端气温事件对安徽省农业生产的动态影响分析

用安徽省17个城市逐日的最高气温、最低气温数据,采用百分位法计算了1988—2010年安徽省年际极端气温事件,并以计量经济学的结构向量自回归模型为基础,将极端气温事件作为一个因子与农业总产值、国内生产总值、农业机械总动力构建了新的经济-极端气温事件模型。进一步通过脉冲响应函数和方差分解方法,定量分析了极端气温事件对安徽省农业生产的动态影响,结果表明:极端高温事件对农业生产的影响总体为负向,并表现出一定的滞后性;而极端低温事件对农业生产的影响初期为正向,后期逐渐转为负向。极端高温事件对农业生产的影响程度较高,可达0.033%,极端低温事件次之。模型内引起农业生产变化的各因子中,极端高温事件的贡献比例可达25.3%,是重要的影响因子;极端低温事件的贡献比例最高为10.9%,也是比较主要的影响因子。     

FPGA与GPU并行计算分析——以Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移为例

高性能计算(high performance computing)是地震数据处理领域一个重要研究课题.目前的高性能计算大多是利用图形处理器(GPU)强大并行处理能力,以GPU/CPU协同并行计算构架为基础实现有关算法.本文讨论了利用CUDA和Impulse C-to-FPGA工具分别在GPU(图形处理器)和FPGA(可编程逻辑门阵列)平台上并行实现Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移算法.处理结果表明,利用GPU加速Kirehhoff叠前时间偏移处理得到了14倍的单核加速比,利用FPGA加速Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移处理得到了9.5倍的单核加速比.     

MEMS固体化学微推进阵列的微冲量测试技术

为了评价MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical Systems)固体化学微推进阵列的推进性能,对其单元微冲量的精确测试显得尤为重要。在传统冲击摆的基础上,考虑微推进器推力和燃气射流冲击力之间的比例关系,设计了一套适用于MEMS固体化学微推进阵列单元微冲量的间接测试装置,并成功用于6×6规格(单元集成度为36个/cm²)微推进阵列的实际测试中。结果表明:典型实验数据下的待测微冲量为2.5442×10-4Ns,相对误差小于5%;实测8个单元的微冲量平均值为2.5574×10-4 N·s,相对偏差较小,具有很好的重复性。      

Wave impacts on structures with rectangular geometries: Part 1. Seawalls

This paper considers steep wave impact on seawalls of various geometries. A simple analytical model for the pressure impulse due to a wave of idealized geometry and dynamics is developed and applied to the following geometries: (a) vertical seawall with a berm, (b) vertical seawall with a ditch at its base and (c) vertical seawall with a block missing (damaged condition).The method uses eigenfunction expansions in each of the rectangular regions that satisfy some of the rigid surface conditions and a simplified free-surface condition. Their unknown coefficients are determined from the impact boundary condition, rigid wall conditions and by matching the values and the horizontal derivatives of the solutions in each rectangular region at their mutual boundary. The method yields the pressure impulse throughout the entire region. The overall impulse and moment impulse on the seawall and a simple model for the uprush of the spray jet after the impact are also presented. The effects of different impact regions and different geometries can therefore be quickly estimated and used to show trends in the results. It is shown that berms generally have a beneficial effect on reducing the impulse, moment impulse and uprush, but not the maximum pressure impulse on the seawall, whereas ditches are generally and sometimes strongly detrimental for all effects except uprush. A missing block in the seawall gives an almost constant or linearly decreasing value inside the gap (depending on the boundary condition applied at the rear of the gap being hard or soft respectively); the soft case can affect the pressure impulse on the front face of the seawall, thereby affecting the impulse and moment impulse.     

The calculation of zig-zag maneuver in regular waves with use of the impulse response functions

The traditional governing equations for sway–yaw maneuvering motion are a set of ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients. But, as is well known, integro–differential equations with impulse response functions are more strict governing equations that can handle the frequency dependence of hydrodynamic forces.In this paper, the two types of equation are compared and used to calculate the 10°–10° zig-zag maneuver in waves. Differences between the solutions are discussed.     

基于脉冲检测的混合震源数据分离

混合震源采集技术相对于传统地震数据采集具有改善成像质量、提高采集效率的优势.减小混合炮中单炮之间的随机延时范围能够有效的提高采集效率,但这也给之后的混采数据分离带来了影响.混采数据经伪分离后非共炮域数据中的混叠噪声明显更加集中,不利于对混叠噪声进行压制.本文提出基于脉冲检测方法对混采数据进行分离,并且与迭代的多级中值滤波方法作对比,时间延时范围较大时,两种方法都能得到很好的分离结果;时间延时范围较小时,本文方法能更有效的去除混叠噪声,同时也能更好的保留细节信息.实际数据计算结果表明,本文方法一定程度上还能够有效压制其他随机噪声.

     

编码电磁测深

利用逆重复M序列伪随机信号良好的自相关特性,提出相关检测地电传输特性的编码电磁勘探法.分析了编码电磁测深原理及参数提取方法.同时记录发送电流信号和多收发距电磁场响应,对源信号和场信号进行相关运算,解卷积分离接收系统响应后可得到大地的频率特性或时间特性,以此实现地电断面的精细探测.在时间域,大地冲激响应和阶跃响应含有丰富的地电信息.通过冲激响应的峰值时间或阶跃响应的晚期渐近值可估计地电阻率分布.基于层状模型的大地冲激响应和阶跃响应正演计算结果表明,编码电磁测深法对大埋深薄层目标体有精细的分辨能力.可应用于能源、矿产资源、水资源、环境地质及工程地质勘察,有良好的应用前景.     

Lightning-induced magnetic fields in a building with large metallic plates

This paper evaluated lightning-induced magnetic fields in a building with large metallic plates using an equivalent circuit method. In the evaluation the metallic structure of a building during a lightning stroke was represented by an equivalent electrical network. Electrical network equations were built to find the current distribution in the structural elements, and subsequently the lightning-induced magnetic fields around the building. Special techniques were presented in the paper to model the large metallic plates and to derive equivalent circuit equations and circuit parameters. The coupling of metallic plates to building structural elements was also addressed. The proposed method was validated experimentally on a scaled structure model in the laboratory. Finally, lightning-induced magnetic fields in a laboratory building were characterized. It was found that the metallic plates changed the current distribution significantly within the metallic structure, and subsequently the lightning-induced magnetic fields in the building.