若干地区出土部分商周青铜器的矿料来源研究

本工作采用ICP-AES方法,测试分析了若干地区出土青铜器残片的微量元素,初步探索了它们的矿料来源.将青铜器与铜绿山、铜陵、南陵、中条山、照壁山等先秦矿冶遗址铜锭或铜块的特征微量元素进行比较研究后,发现安徽境内青铜器的铜矿料主要来自长江中下游的古铜矿,而辽西地区和侯马青铜器的铜料则可能来自大井铜矿或其周边铜矿.同时,研...     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定黄铁矿和黄铜矿中的铁铜硫

样品用王水水浴和HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4敞开酸溶两种溶矿方式分解,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黄铜矿和黄铁矿中铁、铜、硫。应用称重法配制标准溶液,明显地降低了在标准溶液在逐级稀释过程中由于体积读数等原因产生的误差。样品用王水水浴分解,消解时间短,试剂加入量少,分析步骤简单;由于硫化矿石中Fe的一部分可能与Si结合,王水无法将其全部溶解,对于Fe的测定采用混合酸敞开酸溶。王水水浴溶矿方式选择浓王水作为溶剂,在混合酸敞开溶矿方式的溶解盐类阶段选择浓HCl作为溶剂。确定了ICP-AES法测定高含量(x%～xx%)的铁、铜、硫适用的光谱谱线,稀释倍数为1000。两种样品处理方法操作简便,准确度好,精密度高。经国家一级标准物质GBW 07267(黄铁矿)、GBW 07268(黄铜矿)验证,经混合酸敞开酸溶处理后硫的测定结果偏低,准确度分别为-9.48%和-18%,铁和铜的精密度(RSD,n=5)均小于2%。GBW 07268(黄铁矿)、GBW 07267(黄铜矿)用王水水浴法处理,连续测定10次的短期稳定性,精密度(RSD)小于2%。     

Geochemical characterization of the mining district of Linares (Jaen,Spain) by means of XRF and ICP-AES

Linares (Jaen, Spain) has been subjected to an intense mining and metallurgic activity during 2500 years. Basically, lead and silver have been extracted from galena; as well as copper and zinc. Different studies have been conducted to evaluate trace element concentrations to obtain relationships with anthropogenic and geologic factors. The analytical results of these studies have been obtained with ICP-AES. This analytical technique is relatively expensive and inaccessible in zones with scarce economic means. In this study, XRF analyses have been conducted and the obtained results are presented, as well as a comparison with the previously obtained ICP results. In both cases, a cluster analysis has been made to try to identify the same relations in the target area. 5 groups have been identified, mainly related with lithology. Only 10 of the 122 grid squares (each one of 1 km²) are classified in different groups if the cluster analysis is conducted with XRF results or ICP results. ICP classifies better where these grid squares are located, mostly, in contact zones of different lithologies.     

湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构与污染物关联性的研究

采用ICP-AES测试方法及PCA和PCR-RFLP分析技术,研究了湘江长沙段污染沉积物中微生物群落结构（主要是古细菌群落结构）与污染物的关联性。结果表明：（1）三个取样区域的不同污染物的污染程度呈现出明显的差异性;（2）所取样点的微生物群落结构主要分布在广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）和泉古菌门（Crenarc...     

Application of ICP-AES with microwave digestion to detect trace elements in oysters from Jiaozhou Bay, China

Using ICP-AES with microwave digestion, we determined the concentrations of 16 trace elements in oysters from six sampling points in Jiaozhou Bay.The distributions of the wholesome elements Zn, Fe and Mn, and heavy metals such as As,Cd,Hg and Pb were studied.The oysters collected are all rich in the wholesome trace elements,and the oysters from Licun River have the highest concentrations of the three wholesome trace elements.The concentrations of heavy metals in oysters from Licun River are the highest and those from Hongdao are the lowest. Compared with the domestic and foreign sea-areas,the heavy metal contents in the oysters from Jiaozhou Bay are less in amount than those from some developed countries, and more than those in Southeast China.This implies that the Jiaozhou Bay’s oysters have been polluted by the environment to some extent.     

ICP-AES法测定高浓度钙和锶

应用ICP-AES法测定高浓度Ca、Sr混合溶液,选择了合适的分析谱线。在较高浓度时,混合溶液中Ca、Sr之间无显著影响,配制样品及标准时可忽略两者之间的相互影响。测定时酸效应较明显。当待测样品与标准均采用水配制,待测样品总盐浓度在0.65%以内时,测定结果与标准浓度相对误差小于1%。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钼矿石中钴铬铜钼镍铅锡钨钇锌

采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸-柠檬酸处理样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定钼矿中钴、铬、铜、钼、镍、铅、锡、钨、钇、锌10个元素,筛选了不同溶矿方法和仪器参数条件。测定的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)均小于3.0%,经国家一级钼矿标准物质分析验证,结果与推荐值吻合。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钼矿石和铜矿石中的铼

采用氧化镁-硝酸钠-过氧化氢处理试样,不需分离富集,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法直接测定钼矿石及铜矿石中的铼,筛选了不同溶矿方法和仪器参数条件。方法检出限为0.014μg/g,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)小于5.00%,经国家一级钼矿石及铜矿石标准物质分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。     

地质标准物质的最小取样量问题

地质标准物质已是当今地质分析数据质量保证与监控系统中最重要的手段之一。正确使用标准物质的重要条件是遵循标准物质最小取样量的规定。然而当今高灵敏度、小取样量（20-30mg）的现代主流分析技术正向着当前普遍使用的地质标准物质100mg最小取样量的要求提出挑战。本文从历史演变和当前需求讨论了地质分析取样量问题以及地质标准物质最小取样量及其应用意义,并提出了解决当前这一矛盾的技术措施与步骤。同时也提醒分析方法研究者、质量管理者和标准物质研制者关注取样量问题,以使更新换代快的技术方法和相对滞后的监管方法（包括标准物质）得到协调发展。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定锑矿选冶中砷锑

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿选冶过程中精矿、中矿、尾矿样品中的砷和锑元素。对矿样溶解、测定条件、介质酸度和基体干扰进行了实验,选用王水溶解矿样,在20%盐酸介质中测定,具有快捷、简便、测定范围宽等特点。砷和锑的质量浓度在0～20μg/mL范围内相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9998.对11份空白溶液进行测定,得到的砷和锑检出限分别为0.051μg/mL和0.080μg/mL;对GBW07174和GBW07175锑矿标样进行7次测定,相对标准偏差为1.26%～2.47%之间。