山东省损毁山体景观影响度分析

档案是一种重要的信息资源,是众多信息资源的基础部分。国土资源档案是国土资源管理机关在土地资源管理、开发、使用过程中形成的,具有保存、利用价值的文件、图表、声像等资料,它记载着土地利用的全部过程,是一种重要的具有长期查考、利用价值的信息资源。近几年,随着菏泽市经济的快速发展,土地利用越来越多,形成的土地信息资源数量较大,目前,多数档案信息资源还未得到充分利用,     

流域危险废物污染事故监控技术体系探讨

分析了目前我国流域地表水环境质量监控技术体系现状,从应对突发性危险废物污染事故出发,提出建立国家、省、市、县级突发性危险废物污染事故监控体系构想。以辽宁为例,提出构建国家、省、市、县级突发性危险废物污染事故监控体系,为政府应急决策提供快速服务。     

单自由度陀螺罗盘寻北原理的研究

本文分析了单自由度陀螺罗盘在陀螺力矩、空气阻尼、摩擦力矩和悬挂带扭矩作用下的运动规律及其寻北原理，指出由于单自由度陀螺罗盘的摆动周期比二自由度陀螺罗盘的摆动周期显著缩短，定向速度可成倍提高，定向精度也有望提高，这将是陆地工程测量中子午线方位测量技术的一个重大进步     

An Environmental Threshold of Soil Test P and Degree of P Saturation of Brazilian Oxisols

To develop P management guidelines for poultry litter application in Oxisols of Brazil, the relationship between water soluble P (WSP), soil test P (STP), and degree of P saturation (DPS) needs to be established. The study examined this relationship in Oxisols of Brazil receiving poultry litter. Soils were analyzed for Mehlich‐1 P (M1‐P), WSP, P fractions, P sorption index (PSI), and P saturation based on Mehlich‐1 extractable P, Al, Fe (DPS_M1), and PSI (DPS_PSI). Surface water bodies in the catchment area were examined for inorganic and total P. All the surface water bodies in the catchment area of the sampled plots were highly enriched in inorganic and organic P. Enrichment of soil P fractions following poultry litter application followed the order HCl‐bound > NaOH‐bound > NaHCO₃‐bound fraction. M1‐P was correlated to labile (NaHCO₃‐P_i), and stable P pools (NaOH‐P and HCl‐P) and reflected the cumulative P accumulation in these soils. P saturation indices increased with cumulative P addition and increasing M1‐P. WSP increased with increasing DPS and a change point was noticed at 23% DPS_PSI (equivalent to DPS_M1 of 16.5%) corresponding to M1‐P of 44.5 mg P kg^?1, which could be regarded as threshold for P loss in these soils.     

边坡工程加固需求度评价及其应用

稳定程度不足的边坡通常都需要进行加固。但在加固系统设计时工程师们必须搞清边坡的哪些部位应进行重点加固 ,哪些部位只需要一般加固 ,甚至不需要加固 ,以便合理地布置加固措施。在工程地质力学综合集成方法论 (EGMS)的基础上 ,作者提出了边坡工程加固需求度 (DRD)的概念及其应用方法。     

Hazardous Waste Pollution Prevention Using Clay with Admixtures

Landfill is the most commonly used method for disposal of waste materials since it is one of the least expensive methods. In order to dispose of any hazardous material to a landfill, a liner is used, which protects the underlying land and groundwater since it acts as a barrier to fluid movement. Of the various methods available for providing improved and more effective properties of landfills, methods involving the use of bentonite, cement, lime, gypsum, etc., have been explored in the laboratory. The aim is to overcome the problem and deficiencies of the existing liners. It is observed from the experimental results that the metal concentrations of the input waste solution can be reduced to 80–98% using a soil‐cement admixture, 60–95% using a soil‐gypsum mixture, 45–95% using a soil‐bentonite mixture, 50–90% for soil, 35–80% using a soil‐lime mixture, as liner materials. The permeation rate of different metals through the different soil‐admixture media depends on various factors. A simple mathematical treatment of the phenomenon related to the permeation of liquid through the admixture of the clay and other components has been developed. The experimental results show satisfactory agreement with the predictions.     

大亚湾石化区危化品陆源泄漏的海洋环境风险分析及防范对策研究

大亚湾石化工业区为广东省政府列为5个重点发展的石油化工基地之一。本研究选取石化区2种具有代表性的危险化学品原油和苯的陆源泄漏入海进行风险数值模拟分析。研究结果显示,风向与潮流动力条件叠加的最不利状况下,苯泄漏量比原油更大,但48h内扩散范围比原油扩散面积小。主要与泄漏点位置有关,泄漏点处水动力条件较强和油膜经过区潮流东西分流较大是造成原油扩散路径和范围明显增大的原因。危化品油膜扩散至养殖区的最快时间为2小时22分,到达水产资源保护区的中部核心区的最快时间为12h,到达霞涌-稔山旅游休闲娱乐区的最快时间为13h。为降低对大亚湾水产资源的影响损失,相关部门应在2h内进行应急救援,降低生态环境损害。提出以控制陆源污染、降低事故概率、减轻事故后果和对大亚湾敏感目标等的风险防范对策和建议。     

边坡稳定性神经网络评价模型中断裂构造的定量化处理

神经网络模型应用于边坡稳定性评价已取得不少成果,但总体上仍处于理论研究阶段,因子的选择及因子的定量化处理问题尚无统一认识,因断裂构造因素难以量化处理,很多评价中未进行考虑,影响了边坡稳定性评价的效果。本文提出用岩体完整性指数反映断裂构造作用对边坡稳定性的影响,具有一定的地质依据,为神经网络模型评价过程中断裂构造因素的定量化处理提供了一种思路,具有一定的实践意义。     

烟台夹河口外柱状沉积物还原性无机硫、活性铁的变化特征及其相互关系

海洋沉积物中还原性无机硫和活性铁的地球化学过程与沉积物环境质量演变密切相关。本研究利用改进的冷扩散法和盐酸萃取法分别对烟台夹河口北部海域深约4 m的柱状沉积物中的酸性可挥发硫(AVS)、黄铁矿硫(CRS)、元素硫(ES)和活性铁(FeⅡ和FeⅢ)进行了测定,并从地球化学机理方面探讨了硫与铁的分布特征及其耦合机制。结果表明,烟台夹河口北部近海深层柱状沉积物中还原性无机硫以CRS为主,其次是AVS和ES,其中AVS含量垂向分布较均匀,而CRS和ES含量在垂向上呈表层和底层高,中间层低的趋势;活性铁以Fe(Ⅱ)为主,其随深度增加而增加,Fe(Ⅲ)随深度逐渐降低,大部分Fe(Ⅲ)被还原为溶解态的Fe(Ⅱ),并且与硫酸盐还原产生的H_2S相结合生成CRS和ES,导致CRS和ES在柱状沉积物底部积累;同时研究表明,较低的硫化度和矿化度,活性铁不是还原性无机硫累积的限制因子。     

云南富源—弥勒1∶5万化探异常的发现及意义

1∶5万水系沉积物测量表明,该区属浅成低温热液型金多金属成矿区,除受构造控制外,岩浆岩、地层亦有控矿作用。金矿主要分布在裂谷带中,成矿潜力巨大,测区西部杨梅山中部支壁找铜金、东南部大得克找铅锌有较好前景。