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511.
512.
冲绳海槽西部陆坡第四纪沉积地层划分 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
冲绳海槽西部陆坡是认识深海斜坡沉积的重要区域。通过对高分辨率地震资料的精细解释,结合已有的研究成果,在冲绳海槽西部陆坡海底以下识别出4个主要的地震层序界面,相应地划分出四个主要地震层序,各层序分别对应全新世沉积层(Q4)、晚更新世沉积层(Q3)、中更新世沉积层(Q2)和早更新世沉积层(Q1)。从陆坡上部往下由斜交前积反射结构过渡到杂乱的反射结构,在地震剖面上可识别出杂乱的丘形反射单元,是滑塌体和重力流沉积的典型地震反射特征,反映出一种高能的、极不稳定的沉积环境。海槽轴部以平行-亚平行的地震反射特征为主,显示了稳定的深海-半深海的沉积环境。地震反射结构的多样性反映了冲绳海槽西部陆坡沉积环境的复杂性和沉机作用类型的多样性,沉积地层结构是多种因素共同作用的结果。东海陆架和冲绳海槽发育相同的第四纪地层垂向序列,同时冲绳海槽西部陆坡与东海陆架第四纪沉积层在层序界面、沉积层厚度、变形程度和产状等方面存在着差异,单靠地震资料来进行两个地区的地层对比存在着不确定性。 相似文献
513.
The origin of strata within the inner accretionary prism of Nankai Trough: Evidence from clay mineral assemblages along the NanTroSEIZE transect 下载免费PDF全文
Michael B. Underwood 《Island Arc》2018,27(3)
One of the more prominent architectural elements of the Nankai subduction margin, offshore southwest Japan, is an out‐of‐sequence thrust fault (megasplay) that separates the inner accretionary prism from the outer prism. The inner prism (hanging wall of the megasplay) is dominated by mudstone, which is enigmatic when the sedimentary facies is compared to coeval deposits in the Shikoku Basin (i.e. inputs from the subducting Philippine Sea plate) and to coarser‐grained turbidite sequences from the Quaternary trench wedge. Clay mineral assemblages amplify the mismatches of sedimentary facies. Mudstones from the inner prism are uniformly depleted in smectite, with average bulk values of 23–24 wt%, whereas the Shikoku Basin deposits show progressive decreases in proportions of smectite over time, from averages of 46–48 wt% at 10 Ma to 17–21 wt% at 1 Ma. Plate‐boundary reconstructions for the Philippine Sea region provide one solution to the conundrum. Between 15 Ma and 10 Ma, the Pacific plate subducted near the NanTroSEIZE transect, and a trench‐trench‐trench triple junction migrated to the northeast. Accretion during that period involved sediments that had been deposited on the Pacific plate. Motion of the Philippine Sea plate changed from 10 Ma to 6 Ma, resulting in sinistral slip along the proto‐Nankai Trough. Sediments accreted during that period probably had been deposited near the triple junction, with a hybrid detrital provenance. Renewed subduction of the Philippine Sea plate at 6 Ma led to reorganization of watersheds near the Izu–Honshu collision zone and gradual incision of large submarine canyons on both sides of the colliding Izu arc. Accreted Pliocene mudstones share more of an affinity to the triple junction paleoenvironment than they do to Shikoku Basin. These differences between subducting Shikoku Basin strata and accreted Pacific plate sediments have important implications for interpretations of frictional properties, structural architecture, and diagenetic fluid production. 相似文献
514.
1972—2013年杭州湾北岸金山深槽演变特征与稳定性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用GIS技术对1972-2013年金山深槽的冲淤特征、演变机制及稳定性进行分析,结果表明:(1)长期来看,15m深槽区以冲刷为主,冲刷区占总面积的88.05%,冲刷量(120.35×106 m3)远大于淤积量(3.76×106 m3),年均净冲刷速率为7.46cm/a;深槽整体向纵深发展,纵长增加了7.34km,展宽增加近1km,且有明显向南展宽趋势;抗冲刷沉积层使得深槽在强潮冲刷下具有一定的稳定性,平均和最大深度波动幅度较小,平均深度维持在21.01~23.59m,最大深度在46.90~51.00m间且分布集中。(2)短期来看,特定地形条件下的冲淤变化明显受人类活动所致水沙变化的影响。2002-2012年,年均净冲刷速率高达22.14cm/a,2012-2013年,冲淤基本平衡。(3)基于15m、20m、25m深槽区中轴线摆动幅度的稳定分析可知,深槽大部分区域处于稳定状态,稳定区范围均占65%以上,但在第6次围堤西侧和城市沙滩前处于不稳定状态,摆动幅度较大,建议加强附近水文监测以及海堤安全评估。 相似文献
515.
通过对位于冲绳海槽黑潮主轴流经区的GHN056-09柱状沉积物进行粒度、常微量元素、AMS 14C分析,获得了中全新世以来粒度和常微量元素随时间变化的高分辨率曲线。结果表明,6235aBP以来研究区沉积环境稳定,沉积物中MnO/Al2O3、U/Th和V/Cr等3个地球化学指标在近6235aBP以来均发生了数次不同程度的波动,大致可以划分为3个阶段:阶段1(1830aBP至今)的生产力和氧化还原程度强烈波动期、阶段2(4000~1830aBP)的低生产力和弱还原期、阶段3(6235~4000aBP)的高生产力和相对较强还原期。中全新世以来地球化学指标可共同识别出的6次极值揭示了同期的相对高生产力和较强还原状态,分别发生在R1(260aBP)、R2(1200aBP)、R3(2125aBP)、R4(2700aBP)、R5(4250aBP)和R6(5700aBP),且与海水温度和黑潮强度关系密切,揭示了中全新世以来冲绳海槽区海气相互作用的区域性响应特征。 相似文献
516.
517.
This paper deals with the regional and structural framework of the Cretaceous rocks in the Afikpo Basin located in the southeastern
part of the Lower Benue Trough. Results from regional tectonics are presented together with those of the microtectonic analysis
of microfaults in the Owutu-Afikpo-Adadama area in the basin.
The Owutu-Afikpo-Adadama ridge at the north-central part of the basin marks the boundary between the Late Cenomanian-Turonian-Conianian
sediments and the Campanian-Maastrichtian sandstones. This ridge trends N45°E on average and is faulted in three main directions,
namely: (1) N-S normal faults; (2) NE-SW strike-slip faults; and (3) NW-SE strike-slip faults. The faulted rocks along these
brittle discontinuities are mainly cataclastics with internal fracture cleavage and sigmoidal quartz mosaics that are reminiscent
of extensional deformation. The cataclasites often bear slickenside striations. 相似文献
518.
Petrologic perspectives on tectonic evolution of a nascent basin (Okinawa Trough) behind Ryukyu Arc:A review 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
Okinawa Trough is a back-arc, initial marginal sea basin, located behind the Ryukyu Arc–Trench System. The formation and evolution of the Okinawa Trough is intimately related to the subduction process of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate since the late Miocene. The tectonic evolution of the trough is similar to other active back-arcs, such as the Mariana Trough and southern Lau Basin, all of which are experiencing the initial rifting and subsequent spreading process. This study reviews all petrologic and geochemical data of mafic volcanic lavas from the Okinawa Trough, Ryukyu Arc, and Philippine Sea Plate, combined with geophysical data to indicate the relationship between the subduction sources(input) and arc or back-arc magmas(output) in the Philippine Sea Plate–Ryukyu Arc–Okinawa Trough system(PROS). The results obtained showed that several components were variably involved in the petrogenesis of the Okinawa Trough lavas: sub-continental lithospheric mantle underlying the Eurasian Plate, Indian mid-oceanic ridge basalt(MORB)-type mantle, and Pacific MORB-type mantle. The addition of shallow aqueous fluids and deep hydrous melts from subducted components with the characteristics of Indian MORB-type mantle into the mantle source of lavas variably modifies the primitive mantle wedge beneath the Ryukyu and subcontinental lithospheric mantle(SCLM) beneath the Okinawa Trough. In the northeastern end of the trough and arc, instead of Indian MORB-type mantle, Pacific MORB-type mantle dominates the magma source. Along the strike of the Ryukyu Arc and Okinawa Trough, the systematic variations in trace element ratios and isotopic compositions reflect the first-order effect of variable subduction input on the magma source. In general, petrologic data, combined with geophysical data, imply that the Okinawa Trough is experiencing the "seafloor spreading" process in the southwest segment, "rift propagation" process in the middle segment, and "crustal extension" process in the northeast segment, and a nascent ocean basin occurs in the southwest segment. 相似文献
519.
Triassic to Lower Cretaceous continental sedimentary basins occur in eastern Australia, but the tectonic and structural evolution of these basins is not fully understood. Using gridded aeromagnetic data, seismic reflection data and field observations, we conducted a structural analysis aimed at characterising major faults and deformation style in these sedimentary basins. Our results show evidence for two alternating episodes of rifting during the Triassic. An earlier episode of rifting, which took place in the Early Triassic to early Late Triassic, is inferred based on synsedimentary normal faults in the Nymboida Coal Measures and the boundary West Ipswich Fault System in the Esk Trough. This phase of rifting was followed by a contractional event that resulted in tilting, folding, and thrust faulting. Evidence of synsedimentary normal faults and bimodal volcanism indicates that another rifting phase occurred during the Late Triassic and resulted in the development of the Ipswich Basin. From the latest Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous, the accumulation of continental sediments in the Clarence-Moreton Basin was accompanied by subsidence. We suggest that the alternating rifting episodes and contraction were ultimately controlled by plate boundary migration and switches between trench retreat and advance during the Triassic. 相似文献
520.
Zhang Deyu 《海洋学报(英文版)》1996,15(4):469-492
A preliminary study on microtextures,structures and mineralizing processes of hydrothermal chimneys in Mariana TroughZhangDey... 相似文献