NaCl胁迫对骆驼蓬幼苗液泡膜H+-ATPase和H+-PPase活性的影响

 研究了不同浓度NaCl胁迫对骆驼蓬幼苗Na⁺、K⁺含量及液胞膜H⁺-ATP酶(H⁺-ATPase)和H⁺-焦磷酸酶(H⁺-PPase)活性的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫浓度的增加使骆驼蓬幼苗根、叶中的K⁺含量下降,Na+含量和Na+/K⁺比及K⁺对Na⁺的吸收和运输选择性增高;根、叶液胞膜H⁺-ATPase和H⁺-PPase活性升高,H⁺-ATP酶耦联比率无显著变化;根液胞膜依赖ATP和PPi的质子泵活性及Na⁺/H⁺逆向转运活性先升后降,叶依赖ATP的质子泵活性及Na⁺/H⁺逆向转运活性升高,依赖PPi的质子泵活性先升后降。说明液泡膜H⁺-ATPase和H⁺-PPase驱动的质子泵和Na⁺/H⁺逆向转运活性对Na+在液泡内的积累及其骆驼蓬的耐盐性起重要作用。     

Size effects of suspended particles on gill damage in green-lipped mussel Perna viridis

The green-lipped mussels Perna viridis were exposed to <500 μm suspended solids (SS) with concentrations of 0 (control), 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/L for 14 days, followed by transferring to clean, filtered seawater for 28 days. Results of scanning microscopy showed significantly higher damages to the cilia on the frontal surface of the gill filaments than that on the abfrontal surface in both demibranchs. Percent ciliary depletion varied with SS concentrations and time. No sign of recovery of the gill filaments was observed after the mussels were transferred to clean seawater. In a second experiment, mussels were exposed to SS with size range from <63, >125–<250 and >250–<500 μm at 600 mg/L, together with a control (0 mg/L) for 14 days, followed by transferring to clean, filtered seawater for 28 days. Results of scanning microscopy showed significant ciliary damages in both the ascending and descending lamellae under the three particle size groups as compared with the control. Percent depletion of frontal cilia was most serious for the >250–<500 μm size group and least for the <63 μm size group. However, percent depletion of abfrontal cilia was most serious for the >125–<250 μm size group and least for the <63 μm size group. No recovery of ciliary damages was observed. The effects of particle size of suspended sediments on the morphological damages of gill filaments in the green-lipped mussels were discussed.