Estimation of Axial Pile Bearing Capacity According to Shear Strength Parameters of Soil

At pesent,it is very popular to estimate pile bearing capacity by use of empirical formula andphysical indexes of soil provided in the design codes for civil construction in China.This paper attempts toapply mechanical indexes of soil and semi-empirical formulas,which are based on soil mechanical theoriesand were summarized and presented by Meyerhof in 1976,to calculate the axial pile bearing capacity.Lo-ading test results of 24 single piles in Tianjin area have been collected and compared with the proposed cal-ulation approach.     

Monitoring regional sea ice of the Bohai Sea by SSM/I scattering index

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Wave interaction with a submarine pipeline in clayey soil due to random waves

The wave pressure and uplift force due to random waves on a submarine pipeline (resting on bed, partially buried and fully buried) in clayey soil are measured. The influence of various parameters viz., wave period, wave height, water depth, burial depth and consistency index of the soil on wave pressures around and uplift force on the submarine pipeline was investigated. The wave pressures were measured at three locations around the submarine pipeline (each at 120° to the adjacent one). It is found that the wave pressure and uplift force spectrum at high consistency index of the soil is smaller compared to that of low consistency index. Just burying the pipeline (e/D=1.0) in clayey soil reduces the uplift force to less than 60% of the force experienced by a pipeline resting on the seabed (e/D=0.0) for I_c=0.33.     

Long-chain alkenones and U37′ variability along a south–north transect in the Western Pacific Ocean

In this paper, we present 50 surface water samples collected during the IMAGES III cruise (June–July 1997) along a transect from New Zealand to the China Sea (42°S–178°E, 21°N–120°E) covering a temperature range from 13.3 to 30.4 °C. A very worthwhile aspect of this study is a coupling of both biomarker (alkenone) and coccolithophorid counting. We show that the U₃₇^k′–temperature relationship is very similar to the Prahl et al. [Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52 (1988) 2203] culture calibration and to the global core top calibration of Müller et al. [Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 (1998) 1757]. However, in the warmest surface waters of the Western Pacific ocean (>26.4 °C) where Gephyrocapsa oceanica is likely the most widespread species, the associated U₃₇^k′ has a constant value of 1.0. The consequence is that above this temperature threshold, U₃₇^k′ cannot be used as an accurate paleothermometer.     

Darkness on the Edge of Town: Mapping Urban and Peri-Urban Australia Using Nighttime Satellite Imagery

This article explores the use of nighttime satellite imagery for mapping urban and peri-urban areas of Australia. A population-weighted measure of urban sprawl is used to characterize relative levels of sprawl for Australia's urban areas. In addition, the expansive areas of low light surrounding most major metropolitan areas are used to map the urban–bush interface of exurban land use. Our findings suggest that 82 percent of the Australian population lives in urban areas, 15 percent live in peri-urban or exurban areas, and 3 percent live in rural areas. This represents a significantly more concentrated human settlement pattern than presently exists in the United States.     

东北地区城市民生质量测度与空间分析

民生问题是当今中国政府和民众高度关注的热点问题,也是全面建成小康社会进程中需要迫切解决的关键科学问题。借鉴当代中国人的价值观结构,构建了民生质量评估指标体系,定量测度了东北地区34个地级市的民生质量指数,并采用ESDA和多元线性回归模型探讨其空间分异特征及其影响因素。研究结果表明：① 东北地区城市民生质量呈等级分布特征,且“两极分化”明显。② 经济实力、产业结构、城市化和地理邻近性对民生质量空间分异有重要影响。     

基于因子分析和聚类分析的公众雾霾敏感度差异研究 ——以西安市为例

为研究公众的雾霾敏感度,以西安市13个区为案例地,运用因子分析法对公众的敏感度进行降维,引入潜在冲突指数(PCI)分析公众雾霾敏感度各维度的内部差异,并对公众进行分类。结果表明:(1)公众的雾霾敏感度可分为5个维度,分别是防护行为、降霾行为、雾霾关注度、生活影响感知和健康影响感知;(2)公众在防护行为、降霾行为、生活影响感知和健康影响感知方面意见一致,且敏感度较高;在雾霾关注度方面,公众之间的分歧较大,雾霾关注度小的公众敏感度较低;(3)基于以上5个维度,将公众分为防护敏感群体、关注度敏感群体、健康敏感群体和环保敏感群体。     

GROUNDWATER QUALITY AND CONTAMINATION INDEX MAPPING IN CHANGCHUN CITY, CHINA

1INTRODUCTIONGroundwater in Changchun City assures about 45% of total water supply. Drinking water supply of Chang-chun City was mostly served by surface water from Shitoukoumen and Xinlicheng reservoirs located in the east and south of the city (ZHANG, 1993). However, with the development of urban construction the ground-water especially from deep boreholes is also used for drinking purpose in suburban areas. The urbanization process in Changchun City threatens the groundwater quali…     

地壳形变分形研究中的几个问题

本文针对地壳形变分形研究中实际存在的几个问题,包括1)分形研究是否避开了模式方法;2)地壳形变分形问题的性质和类属;3)地壳形变分形测算实施;4)形变参数时间序列Liapunov指数计算,开展了讨论,旨在促进地壳形变分形研究的进—步开展。     

P2P环境中的全局空间数据目录研究

P2P计算通过大量自治的节点协作共享资源与计算,为空间数据和空间操作的分布提供了新的分布式计算模式。分布在不同Peer上的空间数据库节点通过P2P协作构成一个超级全局空间数据库,全局空间数据目录是P2P环境下快速定位空间数据资源和空间计算节点的关键技术。Peer数据库节点的数据模式、元数据、资源状态参数等抽象为一系列关键词集合。全局目录基于Peer空间数据库节点的外包矩形进行动态聚类并建立P2P环境下的空间索引,支持Peer空间数据库节点的动态加入和退出,支持复杂空间查询和关键词查询。该文给出了全局空间数据目录的组织模型、P2P空间数据索引及空间资源发现算法。