To afforest the desert with the technology of peat composed of rotten mosses and the sustainable development of the oases

Only by providing the good conditions for the growth of plants can a favorable ecologicalenvironment on which human beings rely for existence be created. The upside-down-T dou-ble-layer water-conserving afforestation way is developed according to the situation of the short-age of water resources, low soil fertility and vast land in the arid areas. The characteristics of theafforestation way are to change the microenvironment in the root area of the plants, provide thefavorable conditions for the growth of plants, and reduce the necessary conditions for the growth ofplants in large areas in the arid regions. Meanwhile, the size of its water-conserving layer can bechanged according to the size of the planted trees. The different ways of the bottom wa-ter-conserving layer can be used according to the requirements. The afforestation way is suitablefor planting trees on a small scale and also for afforesting on a large scale under the adverse cir-cumstances in the arid areas, and has been effectively used in the afforestation in the hinterland ofTaklamakan Desert and the southern marginal zone of Gurbantonggut Desert. The prospects ofthe afforestation way are broad in afforestation and desertification control in the desert regions.     

Impact of oasis establishment on underground environment in salinized sandy lands

The salinized sandy lands are the important reclaimable reserve wastelands in thesouth area of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. But it is necessary that the eco-logical environment of the area is not destroyed by action of oasis development. The main factor tohinder oasis development is land salinization. Rational oasis establishment rebuilds wastelandswith lower productivity and utilization efficiency for the growth of agriculture, forestry, and stock raising. The results of surveying sub-soil environment of Aimugaike. Awati oasis in Hotian County ofthe Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region show that the underground water and soil environment arenot deteriorated under the rational management and administration, which could be coordinatedfor obtaining economic and environmental benefit. During the oasis establishment period from1997 to 1999, the plowland area has reached 166.7 hm2, and the seed cotton yield per unit areahas reached 2250 kg @ hm-2, the area of timber forest and active sand break forest has reached 20hm2, the area of fruit trees is 71.5 hm2; and the soil moisture has decreased from 22.07% to18.12%. In the first year of oasis establishment, the soil type has changed salt soil into light saltsoil, in the second year the soil has been out of salt harm; and the content of soil organic matter intopsoil has increased obviously.     

几何光学冠层反射建模中的光谱分量特征的参数化(英文)

该文用几何光学与辐射传输混合模型研究不连续植被冠层的几何光学反射模型的四分量（承照树冠、承照地面、阴影树冠、阴影地面）的参数化。用一个修正的均匀介质层路径散射（反射与传输）参数的解析算法估计路径散射参数（反射与传输），其中也考虑了冠层间隙的影响。光谱分量特征是不连续植被冠层的传输与反射，背景反照率，以直射光通量与天空漫射光通量比例的函数。光谱分量特征的模型与在美国缅因州Ｈｏｌａｎｄ采集的针叶林数据吻合。基于ＬｉＳｔｒａｈｌｅｒ几何光学相互遮蔽模型，用参数化的光谱分量特征对老松林和老云杉林的方向反射进行估计，其结果与在不同太阳与观测方向上的ＰＡＲＡＢＯＬＡ测量值匹配得很好。     

用航空POLDER测量仪获取的方向性信息增强对北方森林冠层的识别(英文)

ＰＯＬＤＥＲ（地球反射极化和方向）仪器在ＢＯＲＥＡＳ实验中曾搭载ＮＡＳＡ的一架Ｃ１３０飞机飞行。在ＢＯＲＥＡＳ的南部地区，ＰＯＬＤＥＲ获取了各种实验场地上的ＢＲＤＦ测量值。森林覆盖地区的大的热点特征，以及十个地区上的镜面反射分量得到了描述。该文通过ＰＯＬＤＥＲ的测量数据，对向常规的光谱特征中加入通过遥感获得的方向性特征后，对各种森林覆盖的分类和区分能力的提高给出了定量化的解。当将方向信息加入常规光谱信息后，采用无监督分类时，类间耦合矩阵的各项显著减小（减小倍数为２－５倍）。这一事实证明了用遥感方向特征可以增强对ＢＯＲＥＡＬ森林覆盖的区分能力。     

辽西中生代火山岩岩浆成因——稀土元素配分及同位素定量模式

本文通过对辽西及邻区中生代盆地火山岩稀土元素配分特征的研究及模拟运算，探讨了其岩浆成因及过程。结果显示南北岩区岩浆成因不同，南岩区岩源为MORB地幔和长期富集型幔熔融混合而成，北岩区为MORB和近期亏损型地幔熔融混合而成。     

2003年5月4日新疆伽师-岳普湖5.8级地震烈度分布及建筑物结构破坏特点

新疆伽师-岳普湖5．8级地震宏观震中位于岳普湖县的铁热木乡和兵团农三师42团的北面，震中烈度为Ⅶ度。本次地震影响范围位于巴楚-伽师6．8级地震Ⅵ-Ⅶ度影响区域内，累计破坏效应造成了较为严重的房屋破坏。通过对大量震害资料和强震记录的分析，根据建筑物的破坏情况和场地峰值加速度衰减特征，在尽可能排除累计破坏效应的基础上确定了地震烈度分布，分析了不同烈度区中的建筑物结构破坏特点及其与地震动影响场的关系。     

郑州国际会展中心展厅钢屋盖的动力特性分析

郑州国际会展中心展览厅钢屋盖采用了空间斜拉式索拱结构体系，为探讨该体系的动力特性，采用ANSYS有限元程序，分别建立钢屋盖与下部混凝土结构共同作用、钢屋盖单独作用以及无斜拉系统的钢屋盖单独作用时的3个空间计算模型，采用子空间迭代法计算其自振周期和振型，并加以比较。从而得出钢屋盖的动力特性，为进一步研究此类结构的受力特性奠定了基础。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUMMER MONSOON ONSET OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND THE POSSIBLE MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS LATE OR EARLY ONSET

The characteristics of atmospheric heat source associated with the summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (SCS) are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. A criterion of the SCS summer monsoon onset is defined by the atmospheric hea…     

中国周边地区强震与中国大陆7级以上地震活动的关系

通过对中国周边地区强震与中国大陆地区强震活动的关系分析，发现中国大陆周边地区活跃时段期间和其后3年是中国大陆地区7级以上地震活动的主要活动时期，周边地区强震活动增强后，中国大陆内部有可能发生7级以上地震，强震活动可能会逐步进入高潮，南北地震带中段未来数年发生7级以上地震的危险性较大．