2.5维地震波场褶积微分算子法数值模拟

早期的褶积微分算子都是基于正反傅立叶变换而实现的,其精度比四阶有限差分的精度稍高,本文将计算数学中的Forsyte广义正交多项式微分算子与褶积算子相结合,构建了一个新的快速、高精度褶积微分算子,其计算结果非常接近实验函数微分的精确值,精度与16阶有限差分的精度相当,远优于错格伪谱法的精确度.另外,2.5维数值模拟比二维模拟可以更真实地模拟三维介质的臬个剖面的波场,并且2.5维地震波模拟的计算量比三维模拟的计算量及计算耗时要大大减少.本文利用基于Forsyte广义正交多项式褶积微分算子法计算2.5维非均匀介质地震波场,模拟结果表明,该算法的计算速度快,计算精度高,能够直观、高效地反映复杂介质中波场的传播规律,并且2.5维波场数值模拟具有更高的计算效率,是一种非常值得深入研究并广泛应用的方法.     

岩石蠕变变形的混沌特性研究

对岩石蠕变变形分别进行了流变模型法和试验法的混沌特性研究,分析了其混沌行为的演化过程、进入混沌的通道以及混沌发生的条件,讨论了两种方法的现场工程应用问题以及相关参数的理论和实践意义。研究表明,岩石蠕变变形的发展过程是一种从有序－混沌（无序）－有序的过程。最后,根据岩石蠕变变形的孕育过程具有混沌特征的这一特性,提出控制岩石蠕变系统的应力水平是避免其混沌发生的主要途径。     

基于混沌理论的煤与瓦斯突出前兆时序预测研究

煤与瓦斯突出的预测研究通常是通过监测对煤与瓦斯突出的启动比较敏感的指标来进行,指标监测数据的大小和变化规律是进行预测的基础。首先介绍了一步预测和多步预测的基本原理,然后对2组瓦斯浓度数据序列利用全域法、零阶局域法和一阶局域法进行了对比计算;计算结果表明,加权一阶局域法的预测精度相对较高,该方法对混沌性强的数据序列的预测精度高于混沌性弱的数据序列的预测精度。     

Development of a fish-based index to assess the ecological quality of transitional waters: The case of French estuaries

The Water Framework Directive requires the assessment of the ecological status of transitional waters considering the fish component. An original methodology, based on a pressure-impact approach, was established to develop a multimetric fish-based index to characterize the ecological quality of French estuaries. An index of contamination, based on the chemical pollution affecting aquatic systems, was used as a proxy of anthropogenic pressure. The fish metric selection was based on their response to disturbances tested via statistical models (generalized linear models) taking into account sampling strategy and estuarine features. Four metrics, for which discriminating responses to level of pressure were demonstrated, were retained to constitute the estuarine multimetric fish index. This new tool appeared particularly relevant to detect the contamination effects on fish communities in estuaries. It could help managers to take decisions in order to maintain or reach the good status required by the Water Framework Directive for 2015.     

Long‐term river meandering as a part of chaotic dynamics? A contribution from mathematical modelling

In the present contribution we focus our attention on the possible signatures of a chaotic behaviour or a self‐organized criticality state triggered in river meandering dynamics by repeated occurrence of cutoff processes. The analysis is carried out examining, through some robust nonlinear methodologies inferred from time series analysis, both the spatial series of local curvatures and the time series of long‐term channel sinuosity. Temporal distribution of cutoff inter‐arrivals is also investigated. The analyzed data have been obtained by using a suitable physics‐based simulation model for river meandering able to reproduce reasonably the features of real rivers. The results are consistent and show that, at least from a modelling point of view, no evidence of chaotic determinism or self‐organized criticality is detectable in the investigated meandering dynamics. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

砂岩Kaiser点信号识别特征研究

对岩石试件加载及破坏过程进行了声发射试验,根据参数分析法得到Kaiser点。采用FFT研究了Kaiser点信号的频谱特征。运用小波包分析方法,计算了Kaiser点信号的能谱系数。用混沌时序分析方法研究Kaiser点信号,运用关联积分法方法提取关联维数D,综合FNN法和互信息法得到合适的m、? 值重构相空间,计算Kaiser点信号的最大Lyapunov指数,研究声发射信号混沌动力特征。结果表明,Kaiser点信号具有混沌特征。     

��������Ⱥ֧�������������ǵ��θ�����GPS�߳����

?о?????????????????????GPS???????е?????????????????????????????????θ??????????μ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????SVM??????????????????????????????淨?????溯??????BP?????編???????????侫??????     

煤岩突出中孔深扩展与孔洞形成的阵发混沌模型

煤与瓦斯突出是煤岩-瓦斯系统远离平衡状态下的高度非线性行为,是井下开挖引发的最复杂的动力灾害。对混沌理论作了简要回顾,在该理论背景下研究煤与瓦斯突出演化过程的特性,得到煤岩系统在突出前处于嵌套层次较低的混沌态,而短暂时间内雪崩式突出一系列可简化为球壳形式的煤体形成孔洞是处于阵发混沌态有节奏的快速迭代阶段和突出停止后处于状态稳定的平衡态的认识。鉴于描述复杂性问题各类非线性映射所表现出的普适性质,在数学上可用Logistic函数 及其复合函数 为核函数的阵发混沌态迭代运算,来对突出的发生、发展和终止行为进行描述,并给出核函数中相对孔深 和突出参数 的初步形式。该研究可深化和丰富对突出物理本质的认识。     

基于CT数的煤岩单轴压缩破坏的分叉与混沌分析

利用CT机对煤岩在单向压缩应力状态下的破裂演化过程进行了实时扫描,采用现代非线性科学的分叉和混沌理论对煤岩在单向压缩状态下破坏的演化过程进行了研究,对各级应力状态下煤岩的各扫描断面的CT数进行了统计分析,并在此基础上建立了CT数变化的数学模型,其结果表明：当表征煤岩微裂纹存活比和闭合效应的特征量取一定值时,其CT数的变化可用Logistic方程来描述,具有分叉与混沌特征