Identification of a marine agarolytic bacterium Agarivorans albus QM38 and cloning and sequencing its beta-agarase genes

A total of 117 agar-decomposing cultures were isolated from coastal seawater around Qingdao,China.The phenotypic and agarolytic features of an agarolytic isolate,QM38,were investigated.The strain was gram negative,strictly aerobic,curved rod and polar flagellum.On the basis of several phenotypic characters,biochemical and morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis of the gene coding for the 16S rRNA,the strain was identified as Agarivorans albus strain QM38.This strain can liquefy the agar on the solid agar plate.An excellular agarase activity was determined in liquid culture.The enzyme exhibited maximal activity at 40℃,pH 7.6.Its activity was greatly affected by different concentrations of agarose.The highest activity 32 U/ml was achieved in the culture supernatant.The hydrolytic product was analyzed by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE).After complete hydrolysis of agarose,a series of agaro-oligosaccharides were produced.The main products of the enzymes were oligosaccharides in the degree of polymerization (DP) of 2,4,6 and 8.Three genes agaD01,agaD02 and agaD03,encoding β-agarases,had been cloned from genomic DNA of Agarivorans albus strain QM38.The open reading frame of agaD01,consisted of 2 988 bp,and shared 95.5%-98.9% identity to the β-agarase genes of some strains of Vibrio and Agarivorans.Gene agaD02 comprised 2 868 bp and encoded a 955-amino-acid protein.It showed 97.4% and 98.7% identity to the β-agarase genes of strain Vibrio sp.PO-303 and strain Vibrio sp.JT0107,respectively.Only partial sequence of agaD03 gene has been cloned.It showed 96.5% identity to β-agarase gene (agaB) of Pseudoalteromonas sp.CY24,and shared 96.8% identity to β-agarase-c gene of Vibrio sp.PO-303.     

三角褐指藻Δ5去饱和酶基因的原核表达

Δ5脂肪酸去饱和酶(Δ5fatty acid desaturase)是合成花生四烯酸(AA)和EPA的关键酶。为了构建三角褐指藻Δ5脂肪酸去饱和酶基因(简称D5)的原核表达重组质粒,并实现在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达。本研究根据GenBank中三角褐指藻Δ5脂肪酸去饱和酶基因序列,设计引物,扩增该基因并插入到pET28a中,测序鉴定后,转化E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析表达产物。结果表明pET28a-D5构建成功,IPTG能诱导D5特异性表达。     

脊尾白虾酚氧化酶原基因克隆及表达分析

利用RACE方法获得了脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)酚氧化酶原(Prophenoloxidase,proPO)基因。该基因cDNA全长3092bp,开放阅读框2013bp,编码671个氨基酸,其预测分子量为74.82kDa。脊尾白虾酚氧化酶原基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他虾类酚氧化酶原氨基酸序列同源性较高(65%—78%),该氨基酸序列具有铜离子结合位点等酚氧化酶原基因所具有的典型特征位点。组织表达分析结果表明,proPO基因在脊尾白虾血细胞中表达量最高,其次是鳃和肝胰腺组织,在肌肉中几乎不表达。利用荧光定量PCR分析了不同盐度胁迫下脊尾白虾血细胞和鳃组织中的表达变化规律,结果发现在不同盐度胁迫后血淋巴proPO表达量显著高于对照组,盐度胁迫初期鳃组织proPO表达量显著高于对照组。本研究结果表明脊尾白虾酚氧化酶原基因参与了盐度胁迫引起的机体应激反应。     

海洋球石藻Emiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)病毒主要外壳蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

在实验室纯培养条件下,用过滤的海洋球石藻特异性病毒(Emiliania huxliyi virus,EhV)EhV-99B1株感染球石藻(E.huxleyi,Eh),建立病毒与宿主之间稳定的感染体系,病毒裂解滤液经卷式切向流超滤和PEG 8000浓缩、CsC1密度梯度离心,获得足量高纯度的病毒颗粒.根据已报道的其它EhV株系主要外壳蛋白(MCP)基因内保守片段设计合成一对特异引物,从EhV-99B1病毒基因组中克隆到了长度约为300bp的病毒外壳蛋白基因保守片段.该片段与pBS-T载体连接后转化Escherichia coli DH5α,对筛选到的阳性克隆进行序列测定与分析.结果表明,该克隆片段与GenBank中EhV163(AF453851)分离株的同源性最高,该区域内的核苷酸与对应推导的氨基酸序列同源性均为100%,证实获得的DNA片段是EhV-99B1的外壳蛋白基因;与EhV203(AF453855)分离株的核苷酸及氨基酸序列的同源性较低,分别为93%和100%.表明该病毒在自然海域中分布广泛并具有一定的多态性,同时在进化上也存在相当的复杂性.因此,MCP基因可以作为一种新的分子遗传标记以区分自然群落中EhV的不同基因型,对于理解海洋球石藻类病毒与宿主之间复杂的相互作用关系将是一个十分有价值的工具.     

三疣梭子蟹CYP4C基因的cDNA克隆及表达分析

采用RT-PCR及Smart-TM Race技术,首次获得三疣梭子蟹CYP4C基因cDNA全长序列。该基因全长1888bp,编码一个由514个氨基酸组成的多肽,预测分子量大小为59.54kDa,理论等电点为8.08。氨基酸序列中含有CYP基因家族特有的K螺旋保守序列（ExxR）和血红素结合区（FxxGxxxCxG）。同源性及系统进化分析表明,三疣梭子蟹CYP4C基因与岸蟹、凡纳滨对虾、日本沼虾、中国对虾、沟虾、红螯螯虾的同源性分别为88%、72%、66%、59%、60%、59%。荧光定量RT-PCR结果表明,CYP4C在肝胰腺、肌肉、眼柄、鳃和心脏中均有分布,在肝胰腺中表达量最高。高盐（45）胁迫后,三疣梭子蟹CYP4C的表达量显著高于对照组,随着胁迫时间的延长出现逐渐降低的趋势,在胁迫48h后表达量达到对照组水平;低盐（11）胁迫条件下,CYP4C的表达水平随着胁迫时间的延长呈现逐渐下降的趋势,且从胁迫6h开始显著低于对照组。研究推测,CYP4C基因参与三疣梭子蟹盐度适应调节,是蜕皮机制的调控因子之一。