云南格咱岛弧印支期地壳隆升与剥蚀及其地质意义:来自黑云母矿物压力计的证据

区域的隆升与剥蚀是影响成矿岩体形成后变化与保存的主要因素,矿物压力计能定量获取花岗质岩浆初始结晶时的压力条件,是研究花岗岩体形成深度及隆升剥蚀历史的有效手段之一。应用黑云母的TAl地质压力计,计算了云南格咱岛弧岩浆岩带印支期典型成矿斑岩体侵位的深度,并估算了格咱岛弧地区地壳的隆升与剥蚀速率,探讨了矿床形成后变化及保存的情况,结果表明印支期以来格咱岛弧地区的成矿岩体剥蚀速率较小,平均为0.018 mm/a,这对矿床形成后的保存较为有利。研究结果为探讨滇西高原印支期以来的构造隆升—剥蚀提供了定量参考。     

通南巴地区地层水演化特征及其油气意义

考虑川东北地层水的水化学特征(包括地层水矿化度、地层水的变质程度、脱硫系数等),根据封盖层的发育分布及其内部结构,分析盖层对地层水的分隔性能;结合区域构造演化史,分析地质历史上地表水对地层水的改造程度,研究地层水演化特征.结果表明:通南巴地区地层水主要经历早期深埋形成封存变质水期—局部地层水渗滤改造期—深层水封闭,浅层水进入开启期—晚期重建封闭期等变化;中下三叠统存在一套良好的膏岩层且埋藏较深,没有经历地表水改造,使得保存条件明显优于上三叠统须家河组及中下侏罗统地层,具有较好的保存条件;砂泥互层具有较高渗透能力的须家河组受到地表水的淋滤作用,油气保存条件较差,油气勘探潜力有限.     

不同保存条件下中华哲水蚤基因组DNA提取的比较

以采自厦门港的中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)为对象，研究多种保存条件对中华哲水蚤基因组DNA提取的影响。结果表明，除5％福尔马林保存的样品没有提取到DNA之外，其余样品均能成功提取出基因组DNA；以该DNA为模板通过相应引物成功扩增出线粒体DNACOI基因片段。其中无水乙醇保存样品提取可靠的基因组DNA方法的建立，为野外样品保存工作提供了一个简便，经济的途径。     

东濮凹陷西部斜坡带油田水特征及其油气地质意义

基于实际测试资料,统计分析了东濮凹陷西部斜坡带沙河街组油田水的水型、矿化度、盐类离子组分和化学系数的纵、横向变化特征,并探讨了油田水特征对油气聚集与保存的指示作用。研究表明,研究区油田水以CaCl2型为主;矿化度随埋深增大而增大,Ⅱ台阶发育高矿化度区;常规离子组成中阳离子为Na^＋ ＋K^＋、Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋;阴离子为C1^-、SO4^2-、HCO3^-,并以Na^＋＋K^＋和Cl^-占绝对优势,在深层高矿化度区存在阳离子交替吸附现象;由浅至深、自Ⅲ台阶到Ⅰ台阶,钠氯系数、脱硫系数、碳酸盐平衡系数和钠钙系数呈减小趋势,而变质系数和钙镁系数则逐渐增大;油田水分布特征指示着研究区深层的油气保存条件优于浅层,从西部斜坡带顶部到洼陷中心油气保存条件越来越好,Ⅱ台阶是重要的油气聚集区带与勘探对象。     

甲壳动物精子生物学的研究进展(英文)

甲壳动物精子生物学的研究对于甲壳动物的人工繁育及遗传育种等工作有重要意义。本文归纳了甲壳动物精子生物学的最新研究进展,包括精子的形态结构、发生、活力、体外保存及顶体反应等方面,并对该领域今后的研究方向提出了展望。     

南京古都景观核心和生态文化研究

探讨建立以地理景观为视角的古都风貌研究思路新框架.目前中国的古都风貌保护规划往往是从建筑学角度出发,而缺少从地理格局角度的古都景观研究.南京地理格局使其历史古都发展具有独特深厚的景观传统,主要结构是:3条山脉、2条河流和3个湖泊.南京从其诞生到后来城市几次大的变化都是依据这个自然地理系统而构思规划.现代南京城市发展支离破碎地分解了历史上的连绵山峦整体,河流水系网络已经断断续续.本文研究思路是顺延山峦与河流脉络调查分析古都遗址,探寻现状山脉河流系统之中,古都文化景观格局在时空变化和演替规律.进而认定和寻求景观系统之中的历史城市发展的地理关键内核,以地理景观分析并规划南京古都景观保护:以连绵丘岗山系、河流城濠为骨干,保持山体轮廓的连续性,河流水网的完整性;以自然山水地形为纽带贯通各自相对独立的历史遗迹:以明朝城垣、历史街区为网络,以及分散在各地的重点建筑保护范围,构成完整的古都风貌保护的格局.把风景的概念扩大到整个城市区域内,使得自然资源保护、土地利用与景观规划结合为一体.     

苏北盆地高邮凹陷阜宁组储层次生孔隙成因机制探讨

高邮凹陷阜宁组储层为低渗透储层,次生孔隙是储集空间的主要组成部分。研究认为,大气等淡水淋滤水、有机质演化形成的有机酸、粘土矿物转化形成的层间酸性水等产生的溶蚀作用是次生孔隙形成的主要原因,各种因素在时间和空间上的有机配置及相互作用对次生孔隙的形成具有重要的影响。在分析次生孔隙成因机制的基础上,利用声波、密度及中子测井对次生孔隙进行建模,编制程序进行了预测。综合分析表明,纵向上阜三段储集层次生孔隙的发育最佳,横向上沙埝南-富民北一带是油气勘探的有利区带,据此进行勘探施工证实了次生孔隙预测的准确性。     

Preservation and exhumation history of the Harizha-Halongxiuma mining area in the East Kunlun Range,Northeastern Tibetan Plateau,China

The extent to which ore bodies are preserved in orogenic belts remains a poorly understood area of ore deposit research. Using zircon and apatite fission track analysis together with apatite (U-Th)/He dating we constrained the erosion history of the ore bodies in the Harizha–Halongxiuma mining area of the East Kunlun Range, Northern Tibetan Plateau, China. Apatite fission-track ages range from 114 ± 8 to 87 ± 6 Ma, with mean track lengths varying from 11.4 ± 1.9 to 12.9 ± 2.0 μm. Zircon fission-track ages vary from 205 ± 14 to 142 ± 7 Ma. In addition, apatite (U–Th)/He dating yielded ages of 60–56 Ma. The thermal history of Jiapigou was modelled based on the apatite fission-track data, including ages and track lengths, with constraints of zircon fission-track ages and (U-Th)/He ages. The exhumation history of the Harizha–Halongxiuma mining area was reconstructed with these age data, revealing that since the early Mesozoic the area has undergone three cooling stages: (1) rapid cooling from 175 ± 30 Ma to 100 ± 10 Ma with a cooling rate and inferred exhumation of 2.0 ± 0.8 °C/Myr and 4.3 ± 1.7 km, respectively; (2) a relatively stable stage from 100 ± 10 Ma to 40 ± 10 Ma with a cooling rate and inferred exhumation of 0.3 ± 0.1 °C/Myr and 0.5 ± 0.2 km, respectively; and (3) rapid cooling since 40 ± 10 Ma with a cooling rate and inferred exhumation of 1.2 ± 0.6 °C/Myr and 1.4 ± 0.4 km, respectively. This exhumation history is consistent with the subduction process of Pacific plate and the strike slip movements of Dunmi fault. The total exhumation after main mineralization is calculated to be 7.6 ± 3.2 km, suggesting that ore bodies in the Harizha–Halongxiuma mining area remain partially preserved.     

2010年2月24日沈阳地区冻雨成因分析

利用NCEP的全球数据同化系统（GDAS）1°×1°分析资料、NOAA的2.5°×2.5°全球格点资料和气象观测资料等,对2010年2月24日沈阳地区大范围冻雨灾害天气过程进行分析。结果表明：冻雨发生前期,沈阳地区的明显增温是导致大范围雨雪冰冻灾害的重要原因;925—750 hPa存在的t≥0℃温厚暖层是冻雨形成的必要条件;西南气流的建立有利于大量暖湿空气向东北地区输送,并决定了低温冰冻灾害发生的区域。中层温厚暖层的建立与破坏时间对冻雨的预报具有一定的指示意义。     

Response of landfill clay liners to extended periods of freezing

This paper presents the results of a physical model study of the performance of landfill clay cover liners subjected to extended freezing periods. Three proposed designs for a prototype cover liner were evaluated with a primary objective being the determination of frost penetration resulting from the sub-freezing temperatures imposed as an upper boundary condition to the model. The ultimate performance of the three liner designs were compared on the basis of frost penetration, leakage through the liner, and frost heave. The observed depth of frost penetration was compared to that predicted using a simplified analytical solution of the thermodynamic problem, in addition to measured field behavior.

The laboratory experiment utilizes a 1.8 m² tank, of ca 2.1 m depth. The tank is loaded with clay to the specifications required for landfill liners. Three different landfill cover liner designs were modeled in the experimental tank. The performance of the three designs, as measured by a variety of observations, were compared. Frost heave was measured for each design and was found to vary between 3.8 and 4.3 cm. The results indicate the depth of frost penetration was similar for all designs tested (29.2–31.7 cm), although the design which included a soil drainage layer had superior leakage performance.