Development and utilization of a national web-based chronology of hydrological events/Développement et utilisation sur internet d’une chronologie nationale d’événements hydrologiques

Abstract

Abstract The Chronology of British Hydrological Events (CBHE) has been created as an on-line information resource (http://www.dundee.ac.uk/geography/cbhe/) in order to enhance access to and use of historical facts pertaining to British hydrological phenomena. Its scope covers floods, droughts and all other notable historical phenomena of hydrological interest. This paper sets out the technical means by which the CBHE has been created, explains the benefits to hydrologists in creating such a facility, and illustrates its utility with a number of examples. Benefits include hydrological risk assessments, historical studies of individual events and objectives in environmental education. The scope for establishing comparable national chronologies for other countries is identified, along with prospects for enhancing the utility of such systems with additional functionality such as links to on-line gazetteers and maps.     

Advanced methods of cell phone localization for crisis and emergency management applications

Real-time people localization cannot be achieved through statistical methods during crisis/emergency management events. An International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) catcher was proposed as a nontraditional method for cell phone-based people localization. We verified the idea of using a cell phone as a sensor and tested the possibility of transmitting cell phone data through the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Sensor Web Enablement. Four large field tests were performed and are described in detail. The main conclusions for IMSI catcher deployment were search within a limited radius from its placement and the number of localized people was not a limiting aspect; although the technology for advanced cell phone-based localization is available for crisis/emergency management applications, we do not yet have sufficient ability to handle this technology.     

Harveys and Walking Maps

Abstract

Geographical information is connected to everyday life in many ways. Web cartography has made geospatial data more available to the public. In the next few years, the average age of the population will be over 51 years, with more than 15% of the population over the age of 65 years. The fact that the senior population is increasing suggests that online mapping and map viewer design should be aware of the senior population’s visual restrictions, as well as restrictions of other potential map users, including colour-vision-impaired users. This paper describes the senior population’s visual restrictions that can be compared with colour-vision-impaired users and provides guidelines with regard to online mapping and map viewer design for this growing segment of the elderly population.     

The National Archives and Public Records

Abstract

The article provides an overview of the huge cartographic holdings of The National Archives (TNA). It continues by outlining the procedures by which records are selected for permanent preservation by TNA.     

Identification of Optimal Colours for Maps from the Web

Abstract

Maps which are created on demand by combining geospatial data from different Web Map Services integrate conflicting portrayals and do not satisfy the requirements of effective cartographic communication. A significant improvement is achieved by selecting clearly distinguishable colours which are determined by solving an optimisation problem. Cartographic guidelines and user characteristics (e.g. colour vision impairment) can be incorporated into the optimisation model as constraints which guide the selection of colours.     

智能RTK GNSS接收机的关键技术研究

在传统GPS-RTK GNSS接收机基础上研究以嵌入式Linux为操作系统,兼容CDMA 3G数据链的智能RTK GNSS接收机的关键技术及创新性.智能型RTK GNSS接收机采用当前最成熟的3G技术,配合Linux系统强大的网络功能,不仅可以高效传输差分数据,还可以完成远程数据采集、图形显示、数据下载上传等功能.可以预见,智能RTK GNSS接收机在现代测量作业中将拥有一个无限开阔的市场前景和潜在效益.     

对IPCC AR6报告中有关农业系统结论的解读

与IPCC第五次评估报告相比,第六次评估报告（AR6）有关农业的评估对象由作物生产系统延伸到粮食供应链系统,气候变化对作物生产不利影响的证据在加强。气候变化改变了作物适宜种植区,使中高纬度及温带地区作物种植界限向高纬度、高海拔地区推移。人为引起的气候变暖阻碍了作物产量的增长,地表O₃浓度增加使作物产量降低,CH₄排放加剧了这种不利影响。气候变化加剧作物病虫草害,极端气候事件高发加剧了粮食不安全,推升了国际粮食价格。适应措施有助于减缓气候变化不利影响,基于自然的适应方案在增强作物生产系统气候恢复力和保障粮食安全方面具有较高潜力。从保障国家粮食安全和重大战略需求出发,AR6报告对我国农业应对气候变化相关工作的启示如下：需要高度重视气候变化背景下作物种植适宜区转变与种植带北移的重要战略价值,合理规划农业生产布局;加强农业气象灾害和病虫害防治体系和能力建设,保障粮食生产稳定性;关注气候变化对国际作物生产和谷物贸易的影响,统筹国内、国际市场粮食资源,保障粮食安全;推进农业温室气体减排与作物生产高效协同,为实现国家减排目标做出贡献。     

一种专用矢量地图浏览服务器设计

以地图符号形式表达地理要素是GIS地理信息可视化的有效手段.目前Web GIS发布系统在复杂地图符号的表达能力、地图的快速发布和运行效率等方面存在一定的不足.为此,应用IE浏览器内容扩展技术,结合地图符号表达的特征,设计出面向基础地理数据的地图浏览服务器,给出地理数据类型可兼容的快速发布矢量地图文档结构.据此,开发基于...     

基于Skyline的数字矿山三维综合监测系统的应用研究

介绍了如何借助Skyline Web三维GIS软件作为开发平台,进行了三维场景的搭建和发布,并以实际案例阐述了数字矿山三维综合监测系统的实际应用。     

监理在第二次全国土地调查中的作用

着重论述了第二次全国土地调查工作中项目监理的职责、质量保障措施及实施.通过论述说明第二次全国土地调查工作引入项目监理机制的必要性和作用.