塔里木盆地玉北地区蓬莱坝组白云岩类型及成因

塔里木盆地玉北地区蓬莱坝组发育粉-细晶自形白云岩、中晶自形-半自形白云岩、粗晶自形-他形白云岩三种白云岩类型。粉-细晶白云岩具纹层状构造,稀土元素配分模式、总稀土含量与同期灰岩相似,氧同位素组成与同期海水成因的白云岩相近,表明白云岩化流体为同期海水,较高的盐度指数指示了相对浓缩的海水条件,较低的有序度值反应出快速的白云岩化过程,为准同生白云岩化的产物,白云石晶间均匀充填富Fe、富Si及高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值的陆源物质,表明玉北地区在蓬莱坝组粉-细晶白云岩沉积期由于相对海平面较低从而受到陆源物质混入的影响。中晶白云岩和粗晶白云岩的稀土元素配分模式、总稀土含量、~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值等与同期海水特征相似,表明白云岩化流体为海水,可见残余颗粒结构,成岩温度较低,埋藏较浅,为埋藏的海水以及沿原始颗粒灰岩的粒间孔及可能存在的裂缝等通道向下运移的海水提供的Mg~(2+)导致的白云岩化,后期重结晶作用破坏了粗晶白云岩中的残余颗粒结构并导致其Fe、Mn含量及成岩温度、有序度值高于中晶白云岩,Sr含量及δ~(18)O值低于中晶白云岩。部分中-粗晶白云石边缘可见加大边,表明后期存在少量他源流体导致的次生加大作用。     

Ore petrology,hydrothermal alteration,fluid inclusions,and sulfur stable isotopes of the Milin Kamak intermediate sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag deposit in Western Srednogorie,Bulgaria

The Milin Kamak gold-silver deposit is located in Western Srednogorie zone, 50 km west of Sofia, Bulgaria. This zone belongs to the Late Cretaceous Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Srednogorie magmatic and metallogenic belt. The deposit is hosted by altered trachybasalt to andesitic trachybasalt volcanic and volcanoclastic rocks with Upper Cretaceous age, which are considered to be products of the Breznik paleovolcano. Milin Kamak is the first gold-silver intermediate sulfidation type epithermal deposit recognized in Srednogorie zone in Bulgaria. It consists of eight ore zones with lengths ranging from 400 to 1000 m, widths from several cm to 3–4 m, rarely to 10–15 m, an average of 80–90 m depth (a maximum of 200 m) and dip steeply to the south. The average content of gold is 5.04 g/t and silver – 13.01 g/t. The styles of alteration are propylitic, sericite, argillic, and advanced argillic. Ore mineralization consists of three stages. Quartz-pyrite stage I is dominated by quartz, euhedral to subhedral pyrite, trace pyrrhotite and hematite in the upper levels of the deposit. Quartz-polymetallic stage II is represented by major anhedral pyrite, galena, Fe-poor sphalerite; minor chalcopyrite, tennantite, bournonite, tellurides and electrum; and trace pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, marcasite. Gangue minerals are quartz and carbonates. The carbonate-gold stage III is defined by deposition of carbonate minerals and barite with native gold and stibnite.Fluid inclusions in quartz are liquid H₂O-rich with homogenization temperature (T_h) ranging from 238 to 345 °C as the majority of the measurements are in the range 238–273 °C. Ice-melting temperatures (T_m) range from −2.2 to −4.1 °C, salinity – from 3.7 to 6.6 wt.% NaCl equiv. These measurements imply an epithermal environment and low- to moderate salinity of the ore-forming fluids.δ³⁴S values of pyrite range from −0.49 to +2.44‰. The average calculated δ³⁴S values are 1.35‰. The total range of δ³⁴S values for pyrite are close to zero suggesting a magmatic source for the sulfur.     

Early Cretaceous tungsten mineralization in Southeastern China: the Wuning example

The Wuning tungsten deposits in northwestern Jiangxi are located in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt of SE China. This article decodes the large tungsten-mineralized ore field by analysing three typical deposits: Shimensi, Dahutang, and Shiwendong. The Shimensi deposit shows three mineralization styles, and the associated hydrothermal alteration mainly includes K-feldspathization, greisenization, chloritization, silicification, and carbonatization. The sulphur isotopic compositions of sulphides in the Dahutang deposit indicate that the sulphur source was homogeneous and closely related to magmatic sulphur. The lead isotopic compositions of sulphides suggest multiple sources that were also closely related to magmatism. The carbon isotopic compositions of calcite indicate that hydrothermal fluids were derived from the granitic magma. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of quartz veins indicate that the ore-forming fluids had a magmatic-hydrothermal origin, but mixed with meteoric water. Fluid inclusions from the Shiweidong deposit are low density, indicating medium-high T and low-medium salinity, further suggesting that it was a shallow magmatic-hydrothermal deposit, and the metallogenic hydrotherm mingled with the surface water late in the evolution of the system. Mineralization was related to Early Cretaceous magmatism in eastern China. The subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate and the subsequent lithospheric delamination reflected transition from a compressional to extensional tectonic regime. The upwelling of the hot asthenosphere triggered partial melting of the Neoproterozoic Shuangqiaoshan Group, with high W background concentrations. The ascent of the magma resulted in the exsolution of the ore-bearing magmatic hydrothermal fluid.     

胶东夏甸金矿区道北庄子金矿床流体包裹体和氢氧同位素地球化学研究

夏甸金矿区道北庄子金矿床位于招远-平度断裂带中南段。该文重点研究金矿床石英矿物中的流体包裹体和氢氧同位素特征。研究表明,流体包裹体以Ⅰ型富液相包裹体为主,均一温度主要集中在4个区域:100~140℃,160~210℃,220~250℃,300~340℃。与胶东地区金矿成矿的4个阶段相对应。盐度变化范围大致分布在0.88~22.44 wt%,平均5.18%,集中分布在3~7 wt%,成矿流体盐度为低盐度流体;密度变化于0.62~1.08 g/cm~3,平均0.91g/cm~3,属于低密度流体;成矿压力范围在92.58~267.12 MPa,平均149.64 MPa,推断矿床成矿压力环境为中压环境;矿床成矿深度范围为6.84~12.65 km,平均9.63 km,矿床为中深成相。根据氢氧同位素地球化学特征,成矿流体主要为地幔初生水,并受岩浆水的影响。     

板溪锑矿床流体包裹体研究

板溪锑矿床是湘中锑矿矿集区内的一个中型石英脉型锑矿床,赋存于板溪群五强溪组浅变质碎屑岩中,受NE向的桃江—城步断裂带控制。流体包裹体研究表明,板溪锑矿流体包裹体类型包括富液相水溶液包裹体(Ⅰ型)、富二氧化碳包裹体(Ⅱ型)、纯液相包裹体(Ⅲ型)三类;流体盐度为w(NaCl,eq)=3.4%~7.7%,均一温度为181~331℃,流体的密度为0.78~0.92g/cm~3,矿区成矿流体具有中低温、低盐度、低密度的特点,成矿流体的pH值为5.72,估计成矿压力为49~91 MPa,成矿的地壳深度为5.6~7.8km;均一温度与盐度呈正相关关系,成矿过程中两种流体发生混合作用而成矿。     

黑龙江宁安英城子金矿床的地质、流体包裹体特征与成因研究

英城子金矿床是典型的浅成热液型矿床,为确定矿床成矿条件,结合矿床地质特征同时对不同深度的同一条含金石英脉中的流体包裹体分别进行了显微测温和激光拉曼光谱的分析研究。研究结果表明:英城子金矿床矿石类型主要为蚀变岩型,其次为石英脉型;成矿过程分为以下4个阶段:(Ⅰ)石英-毒砂-黄铁矿阶段、(Ⅱ)石英-黄铁矿阶段、(Ⅲ)石英-多金属硫化物阶段、(Ⅳ)石英-硫化物阶段;流体包裹体的类型多数为气液两相,少数为气、液单相或三相包体,均一温度变化范围247.9℃~400.0℃,盐度[w(NaCl)]为3.15%~7.70%,成矿流体密度为0.65 g/cm3~0.87g/cm~3;结合包裹体激光拉曼光谱数据确定成矿流体属于中低温,中低盐度的CO_2-H_2O-NaCl体系;根据测温数据,该矿床的成矿压力为6~50 MPa、相应就位深度为0.11~0.65 km;由此可推测该矿床是与韧性变形作用有关的中温中压热液金矿床。结合前人有关成矿年代学的研究成果,可以进一步确认成矿作用发生在晚二叠世末亚洲洋壳俯冲作用晚期,且与陆内松嫩板块和佳木斯板块碰撞过程中构造体制的转换紧密相关。     

川中南部地区下二叠统栖霞组白云岩储层成因研究

川中南部地区下二叠统栖霞组在钻探中发现栖二段细—中晶白云岩是良好的储层,并且多口井获得工业气流,展示出一定勘探潜力。为进一步预测川中南部地区白云岩的储层分布特征,加快研究区下一步勘探开发,应用储层岩性特征识别、碳氧同位素、包裹体测温、阴极发光以及稀土元素分析研究白云岩储层成因,结果表明栖霞组白云岩无石膏或其他蒸发盐岩伴生,储集岩以细—中晶白云岩和灰质白云岩为主,主要分布于栖二段;栖霞组白云岩C、O同位素测试δ13C为4.03‰~4.77‰、古盐度为131.74~133.39,包裹体均一温度为110~180℃,阴极发光较弱,基质白云岩发紫红色光,溶洞充填马鞍状白云岩不发光;稀土元素的轻稀土和重稀土分布趋势一致,保持了原岩的稀土配分趋势;综合分析认为栖二段白云岩为埋藏成因,其中裂缝和溶洞充填的马鞍状白云岩为热液成因。      

He-Ar Isotopic Systematics of Fluid Inclusions in Pyrites from PGEpolymetallic Deposits in Lower Cambrian Black Rock Series, South China

He-Ar isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions trapped in pyrites from some representative PGE-polymetallic deposits in Lower Cambrian black rock series in South China were analyzed by using an inert gas isotopic mass spectrometer. The results show that the ore-forming fluids possess a low 3He/4He ratio, varying from 0.43×10-8 to 26.39×10-8, with corresponding R/Ra value of 0.003-0.189. The 40Ar/36Ar ratios are 258-287, close to those of air saturated water (ASW). He-Ar isotopic indicator studies show that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from the formation water or basinal hot brine and sea water, while the content of mantle-derived fluid or deep-derived magmatic water might be negligible. The PGE-polymetallic mineralization might be related to the evolution of the Caledonian miogeosynclines distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton. During the Early Cambrian, the formation water or basinal hot brine trapped in Caledonian basins which accumulated giant thick sediments was     

大别山碧溪岭榴辉岩450 Ma年龄信息:石榴子石流体包裹体40Ar-39Ar定年初步结果

高压-超高压变质岩常含有过剩40Ar,排除过剩40Ar的干扰是获得可靠40Ar-39Ar年龄的关键.本文试图从流体包裹体40Ar-39Ar定年的角度,探讨榴辉岩40Ar-39Ar定年技术与过剩40Ar问题.采用真空击碎法提取流体包裹体,对碧溪岭浅色榴辉岩石榴子石进行40Ar-39Ar定年,获得了下降型年龄谱:最初9个阶段年龄谱总体上呈逐渐下降,表观年龄从2 226 Ma下降到753 Ma,这是次生包裹体(含过剩40Ar)与原生包裹体(不含过剩40Ar)混合的结果;第10阶段至第22阶段(末阶段),年龄谱呈平缓波动,表观年龄变化小,对应坪年龄为(449±18)Ma(2σ,39Ar占59.5%),这是微小的原生流体包裹体的贡献,此13个数据点在36Ar/40Ar-39Ar/40Ar图上构成线性关系很好的反等时线,对应的等时线年龄(448±34)Ma代表了石榴子石的结晶年龄,40Ar/36Ar初始比值(292±5)表明原生包裹体不含过剩40Ar.