走滑断裂带中挤压阶区内部剪切构造初探

野外地质调查和航片立体镜下解译发现,小江断裂带北段蒙姑和东支大营盘两个挤压阶区内部发育有剪切构造,它们在地表主要表现为断裂槽地、断层陡坎、地裂缝等。挤压阶区内部剪切构造和拉张阶区内部剪切构造一样,是阶区形成后,随着走滑断裂的进一步活动而形成的新生性构造     

Lymanα forests and the evolution of the universe

The Lyα forest absorption lines in the spectra of quasars are interpreted as caused by the crossings of the light beam with the walls of a bubble structure (expanding with the Hubble flow only). Then, the typical separation between the absorption lines is proportional to the mean size of the bubbles. The variable factor is the expansion rate H[z]. The Friedmann regression analysis of the observed line separations determines the density parameter ω₀ and the normalized cosmological term λ₀ = λc²/3H²₀ of the appropriate cosmological model: ω₀ = 0.014 ± 0.002, λ₀ = 1.080 ± 0.006. Depending on the Hubble parameter this method reveals the values of the present mean matter density pm,0 = 2.6 h² · 10⁻²⁸ kg m⁻³ and of the cosmological constant Λ = 3.77 h² · 10⁻⁵² m⁻² (with h = H₀/(100 km/s·Mpc)). According to our analysis all models with Λ = 0 must be excluded. The curvature of space is positive. The curvature radius R₀ is 3.3 times the Hubble radius (c/H₀). The age t₀ is 2.8 times the Hubble age (H₀⁻¹).     

Invariant manifolds, phase correlations of chaotic orbits and the spiral structure of galaxies

In the presence of a strong   m = 2  component in a rotating galaxy, the phase-space structure near corotation is shaped to a large extent by the invariant manifolds of the short-period family of unstable periodic orbits terminating at L ₁ or L ₂. The main effect of these manifolds is to create robust phase correlations among a number of chaotic orbits large enough to support a spiral density wave outside corotation. The phenomenon is described theoretically by soliton-like solutions of a Sine–Gordon equation. Numerical examples are given in an N -body simulation of a barred spiral galaxy. In these examples, we demonstrate how the projection of unstable manifolds in configuration space reproduces essentially the entire observed bar–spiral pattern.     

可视化交互空间数据挖掘技术的探讨

随着地理信息获取技术飞速发展,使得当前存储在空间数据库中的空间数据的深度和广度得到了前所未有的发展,传统的空间统计方法和空间分析方法已经难以有效而迅速地处理和分析它们,如何有效而及时地分析和处理空间数据变得越来越迫切。空间数据挖掘作为上个世纪90年代逐步发展起来的新兴技术,逐渐在研究和实践中显示出它的优势。与此同时,地理可视化技术也逐步走向成熟,二者的结合催生出新型空间数据分析技术———可视化交互空间数据挖掘。本文就该技术的相关问题进行了一些研究探讨。     

经济信息管理系统分析与研究

根据经济信息管理系统的组织特征与建立原则 ,提出经济信息管理系统的结构模式与建立步骤。     

顾及V-邻域结构的局部保形插值算法

针对现有空间插值方法局部保形性差、边界处理困难等问题,利用Voronoi空间剖分的结构特性,提出了一种多维统一的局部保形空间插值算法。利用随机模拟数据及中国城市平均气温数据进行了实例验证,结果显示,本插值算法可支撑不规则边界数据,在兼顾精度的同时,具有很好的局部保形性。     

多窗口集成交互设计系统在输电线路路径优化中的研究与应用

针对输电线路设计的特点提出了一种基于计算机技术和全数字摄影测量技术的路线交互设计思想及实现途径,利用多视窗技术,借助数字高程模型的有力支撑,实现了将输电线路的立体影像、正射影像、平断面排位、3维漫游集成于同一界面下的不同窗口中对比显示并进行交互设计。     

A bottom-up approach to segment individual deciduous trees using leaf-off lidar point cloud data

Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) can generate three-dimensional (3D) point cloud which can be used to characterize horizontal and vertical forest structure, so it has become a popular tool for forest research. Recently, various methods based on top-down scheme have been developed to segment individual tree from lidar data. Some of these methods, such as the one developed by Li et al. (2012), can obtain the accuracy up to 90% when applied in coniferous forests. However, the accuracy will decrease when they are applied in deciduous forest because the interlacing tree branches can increase the difficulty to determine the tree top. In order to solve challenges of the tree segmentation in deciduous forests, we develop a new bottom-up method based on the intensity and 3D structure of leaf-off lidar point cloud data in this study. We applied our algorithm to segment trees in a forest at the Shavers Creek Watershed in Pennsylvania. Three indices were used to assess the accuracy of our method: recall, precision and F-score. The results show that the algorithm can detect 84% of the tree (recall), 97% of the segmented trees are correct (precision) and the overall F-score is 90%. The result implies that our method has good potential for segmenting individual trees in deciduous broadleaf forest.     

人机交互策略在GIS软件用户界面设计中的研究

随着计算机技术的不断进步,用户界面设计---有效的人机交互策略变得更加重要。地理信息系统的发展要求其系统软件的设计者与开发者设计开发出更加人性化的用户界面,以提高不同领域、不同层次软件使用者的满意度。     

基于Auto CAD扩展属性的多边形面积统计汇总应用

提出在不规则多边形面积统计汇总工作中应用基于Auto CAD扩展属性的技术,对多边形的对象属性进行存储,将多边形图形数据与属性数据一体化结合,实现了多边形图形多元化处理,如统计分析、汇总报表、图形标注等的自动化、智能化,为不规则多边形面积处理提出了一种较新的处理思路。本文结合工程实例,通过对比分析详细介绍了该技术的具体应用过程。