一株抗植物致病真菌的深海霉菌的鉴定和活性成分理化性质分析

从印度洋深海底泥中分离到一株真菌S2915,经ITS基因序列分析及显微形态观察,鉴定S2915为支顶孢属Acremonium sp.真菌.其发酵液对5株植物致病真菌有明显的抑制作用.经硫酸铵沉淀后的抗菌活性分析,可以初步判断该抗菌活性成分为蛋白类物质,且最佳硫酸铵饱和浓度为70％(m/m).初步分析了该抗菌粗蛋白的理化性质,结果表明,该活性物质具有很好的耐热性,经60、80、100℃甚至121℃处理后,活性均无明显差异;耐强酸强碱,在pH值为2～12范围内活性不受影响;紫外照射0～12h及用蛋白酶K、胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶处理后,活性均没有减弱;但对多种有机溶剂比较敏感,经三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醚和丙酮处理后,抗菌活性受到不同程度的抑制,其抑制率分别为35％、25.7％、22.9％、12.9％.证明该抗菌活性物质高效、稳定,可用于抗真菌农药的开发应用.     

小月柳珊瑚中孕甾烷类的化学成分研究

从南海小月柳珊瑚Menella sp.石油醚萃取部位中分离得到7个孕甾烷类化合物,通过波谱分析并与文献对照,其结构分别鉴定为3a-羟基-5β-孕甾-20-酮(1),3β-羟基-5a-孕甾-20-酮(2),3β-羟基-孕甾-5-烯-20-酮(3),5β-孕甾-3,20-二酮(4),5a-孕甾-3,20-二酮(5),孕甾-4-烯-3,20-二酮(6),孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮(7);除化合物2外其他化合物都为首次从该属柳珊瑚中分离得到,其中化合物7是首次报道其核磁数据.     

棕鞭毛虫牧食作用对铜绿微囊藻形态和生理特性的影响

在纯培养的铜绿微囊藻种群中添加有效牧食者棕鞭毛虫.进行为期9d的实验,用流式细胞仪检测棕鞭毛虫牧食作用对铜绿微囊藻的影响.结果表明棕鞭毛虫的牧食导致微囊藻种群迅速下降,同时微囊藻种群出现了群体形成现象.棕鞭毛虫直接牧食作用诱发微囊藻形成群体后,能在一定程度上能防御棕鞭毛虫的进一步牧食,使得种群得以延续.在棕鞭毛虫的牧食作用下.以酯酶活性和叶绿素荧光强度为代表的微囊藻细胞活性在实验后期显著增强.而牧食处理后细胞尺寸有所变小,这可能是伴随着微囊藻诱发性群体形成过程中一种生态对策的调整,保持较小的个体有利于种群的迅速增殖.     

Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis of proteins extracted from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alexandrium</Emphasis> sp. LC3

Two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) of protein extracted and purified from Alexandrium sp. LC3 was conducted. In the SDS-PAGE study, the relative molecular weights of the proteins were mainly in the range of 14 kDa?31 kDa and 43 kDa?66 kDa, and more proteins were detected between 14 kDa and 31 kDa. With the improved protein preparation, the two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns indicated that the relative molecular weights of the proteins were between 14 kDa and 100 kDa, and most of them ranged from 14 kDa to 31 kDa. This was consistent with the result of the SDS-PAGE analysis. The isoelectric points were found to lie between 3.0 and 8.0, and most of them were in the range of 3.0?6.0. Better separation effect was acquired with pre-prepared immobilized gradient (IPG) strip (pH 3?5.6), and about 320 protein spots could be visualized on the 2-DE map by staining. Within pH 3?10 and pH 3?5.6 strips, the protein samples of Alexandrium sp. LC3 could be separated well.     

华贵栉孔扇贝生产性育苗高产试验

华贵栉孔扇贝Chlamys nobilis的亲贝由人工种苗养成,采用阴干、紫外光照射、温差刺激等综合方法刺激亲贝,获得了诱导产卵的好效果。幼虫以叉鞭金藻为饵料,生长发育正常,变态附着率达73.5—96.5％,出池苗的成苗率约21％,最高产量为20.6×10~4个/m~3,经海区中27d的种苗中间培养,商品种苗的保苗率为20％左右。幼虫和池内幼苗的生长表现出初期慢、中期快、后期生长速度下降的趋势。海区的幼苗生长则呈现出随着个体增大而生长加快的趋势。     

一株假单胞菌的亚硝酸盐降解特性及其对鱼池底泥的净化作用

从海水养殖池的底泥中筛选到一株对亚硝酸盐有强降解作用的假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp．）SF1,在实验室条件下研究了SF1的亚硝酸盐降解特性及其对高污染鱼池底泥的净化作用。研究结果表明,SF1具有高效降解转化高浓度亚硝酸钠的能力,其适宜降解条件为：亚硝酸钠质量浓度范围为1～1000mg／L;菌种接种量为10％;...     

Enhanced Carotenoid Production by a Mutant of the Marine Yeast Rhodotorula sp. hidai

1 Introduction In recent years, carotenoids have received increasing attention as they have extensive use in medicine, cosmetic, chemistry, food industry and feed industry. In industry, carotenoid and astaxanthin can be used as the additives of food or feeds. Carotenoids can also serve as the precursor of vitamin A in mammals. In recent years, many types of carotenoid have aroused extensive interest because of their many beneficial effects on human health. For in-stance, lycopene and astaxant…     

A Miocene algal assemblage dominated by Pediastrum leonensis n. sp. (Chlorophyceae) from Patagonia, Argentina: paleoenvironmental implications

Taxonomic identification of Pediastrum species in an Early Miocene assemblage from southeast Patagonia, Argentina, is used to assess paleoecological conditions. Pediastrum leonensis n. sp. is described based on unique features of the coenobia morphology. It belongs to the P. kawraiskyi–mustersii–patagonicum complex and has no known living counterpart. This group seems to have a long evolutionary history in the region. P. kawraiskyi and P. mustersii are recorded for the first time in pre-Quaternary deposits and their presence suggests a depositional environment represented by a cold stenothermal lake conditions, indicating a temperate to a cold-temperate climate.     

组织研磨器细胞破碎法提取霞水母（Cyanea sp.）毒素的初步研究

采用Mini-Beadbeater组织研磨器破碎的方法进行了提取霞水母刺丝囊细胞毒素的研究。首先制备霞水母刺丝囊细胞,然后研究破碎频率、破碎时间对提取霞水母刺丝囊细胞毒素浓度的影响。结果表明,组织研磨器能够在2—3min内破碎约90%的霞水母刺丝囊细胞,从而提高水母毒素的提取效率。SDS-PAGE结果显示,提取的水母毒...     

Bioflocculant Produced by Klebsiella sp. MYC and Its Appli-cation in the Treatment of Oil-field Produced Water

1IntroductionWater co-produced with oil and gas recovery istermed oil-field produced water.This water is consid-ered to be of the largest volume in the waste streamfromoil and gas production processes.The volume ofproduced water can be more than10ti mes t…