粤西沿海渔港物流阻力面模型研究

利用最小累积阻力面模型,计算和绘制了粤西沿海地区渔港公路物流阻力面形态图和最小累积阻力面图。结果表明粤西沿海地区在广湛高速、渝湛高速公路和325国道、207国道附近,形成了两条物流快速通道,一条以阳江、阳西、电白、茂名、湛江、雷州、徐闻等地为基点的沿海快速通道;另一条以遂溪、高桥、博白为基点的西南大通道。物流过程阻力从沿海向内陆方向迅速增强。水产品物流方向在湛江市以霞山为区域核心,指向西南和粤东;茂名市的博贺和阳江市的沙扒、闸坡、东平则直接指向粤东。在粤桂交界的廉江和阳春形成两个水产品物流战略点。     

海水营养状态的灰色关联评价模型及应用

基于计算海水营养状态评价指标的参考序列(u0)和其比较序列(ui)之间的关联度这一思路,建立了一种新的海水营养状态的灰色关联评价模型,并应用这个模型对2001年8月东海区10个主要河口、海湾的水体进行了营养状态评价,结果表明:应用灰色关联海水营养状态评价模型所进行的海水营养状态等级的评价和划分,与实际该区水体的营养状态有很好的吻合。同时,该模型在进行营养状态评价时,能避免人为的主观臆断,并能适应营养状态受PO4-P限制的中国主要近岸河口、海湾等特殊海域的要求,因而可以作为一种科学、实用的海水营养程度评价模型,推广应用于水质评价等研究领域和实际评价中。     

多期变质作用变质矿物共生组合、演化分析─—以冀东洒河桥地区为例

冀东迁西洒河桥是太古代麻粒岩相变质岩系广泛出露的地区。这里曾先后经历了角闪麻粒岩相、石榴麻粒岩相、角闪岩相的变质作用。在角闪岩相交质之前发生了一次大规模的混合岩化作用。本文以此区为例，论述了多期变质作用过程中变质矿物的共生组合与演化方式，说明变质矿物的组合不仅受原岩成分控制，也受变质条件控制，同时活动性组分对矿物组合的出现有很大影响。     

基于数据仓库的数据挖掘技术

从数据挖掘的产生出发，到发展的各个分支，讨论了各种数据挖掘方法的特点和应用对象。介绍典型的算法、它们的优化改进和变形，并分析数据挖掘技术将来面临的问题及发展方向。     

矿床的成矿系列

本文论述了矿床成矿系列的主要学术思想及研究趋势。文中强调指出,矿床成矿系列概念视成矿是地质历史发展过程中所形成的地质环境中的组成部分,其本身是四维空间中的成矿整体,它们在地史演化过程中从空间的分布、成矿物质的组成都经历着演化,并有一定规律。笔者着重阐明了成矿系列研究领域的重要内容、研究基础、命名及分类系统,以及不同地质作用对成矿系列所占的份额及其相互关系。     

砂岩中重矿物的成因意义

砂岩形成过程中,不同的物源区、构造演化、风化剥蚀、古地貌与古气候以及古环境等多种因素都会影响其重矿物的分布,因此,研究砂岩中重矿物的分布特征,对于物源、构造演化和沉积环境的分析有着重大的意义。通过查阅文献和资料整理等方法,笔者对砂岩中重矿物组合特征、分布规律、重矿物特征指数、物化性质、含量变化等在物源分析、构造演化响应、指示沉积环境等方面的研究意义进行了综述和整理。笔者认为:复杂地质工作中,砂岩沉积物分析研究应结合其重矿物成因意义,进行总体评价和综合研究,将会得到更接近地质事实的结论。如物源分析方面除了综合考虑重矿物特征以及重矿物特征指数外,还应运用判别图解;重矿物信息的综合分析研究是反演盆地的构造活动是一种非常有效的手段;砂岩中重矿物的组合特征、分布规律和物化性质等可为反演其沉积环境提供有效的依据。     

A-type granite and adakitic magmatism association in Songpan–Garze fold belt, eastern Tibetan Plateau: Implication for lithospheric delamination

The Songpan–Garze fold belt covers a huge triangular area (> 200,000 km²), confined by the South China (Yangtze), North China and Tibetan Plateau continental blocks. In the Songpan–Garze fold belt, Triassic adakitic granitoids have been identified. However, whether there are Triassic A-type granites is unclear. Here, we report our first finding of an A-type granite (Nianbaoyeche), which occurs in the central part of the Songpan–Garze fold belt. The Nianbaoyeche granite ( 820 km²) is characterized by arfvedsonite in its mineral assemblage. Using both LA-ICPMS and TIMS U–Pb zircon dating methods, we obtain a magma crystallization age of 211 ± 1 Ma, which is slightly younger than Triassic adakitic granitoids (216–221 Ma) in the Songpan–Garze fold belt. The Nianbaoyeche granite is enriched in Si, K, Na, Rb, REE, HFSE (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf), with elevated FeO^tot/(FeO^tot + MgO) and Ga/Al ratios, but is depleted in Al, Mg, Ca, Ba and Sr. The REE compositions show moderately fractionated patterns with (La/Yb)_N = 2.67–7.54 and Eu/Eu = 0.09–0.34. These geochemical characteristics indicate that the Nianbaoyeche granite has an A-type affinity. Geochemical data and U–Pb zircon age, combined with regional studies, show that the Nianbaoyeche granite formed in a post-collisional tectonic setting. Sr–Nd isotopic data for the granite exhibit I_Sr = 0.7090–0.7123 and ε_Nd(t) = − 2.72 to − 4.26 with T_DM = 1.15–1.51 Ga, suggesting that the magma has a dominantly crustal source, though a minor contribution from the mantle cannot be ruled out. Melting to produce an A-type granite may have resulted from Triassic lithospheric delamination after Triassic crustal thickening of the Songpan–Garze fold belt due to convergence between the Yangtze, North China and North Tibet continental blocks. The lithospheric delamination model also helps to explain the Triassic adakitic magma generation in the Songpan–Garze belt. We conclude that association of A-type granite and adakitic granitoids in post-collisional environment could be a useful indicator of lithospheric delamination.     

兴隆含煤区石炭——二叠系边缘相沉积组合及层序划分

根据地层露头和钻孔资料揭示,运用高分辨率层序地层学理论和方法,对兴隆含煤区石炭二叠系进行研究,划分了短期、中期、长期基准面旋回。研究区短期基准面旋回类型是以基准面上升为主的不对称旋回,共识别出短期旋回8个,中期旋回5个,长期旋回2个。研究区发育典型的边缘相组合,包括冲积扇沉积组合、辫状河三角洲平原组合及渴湖一泛滥盆地组合,分析了各组合相沉积特征,并讨论了层序界面选取原则及煤层在层序划分中的意义。该成果对于在研究区及外围寻找新的煤炭资源具有一定参考价值。     

云南哀牢山地区构造岩石地层单元及其构造演化

依据新获得的同位素年代学资料和构造岩石地层单元,重新认识了云南哀牢山造山带形成与演化历史。认为:在哀牢山地区元古界深变质岩系属基底构造层;前造山期岩石组合及构造演化为扬子地块西缘被动大陆边缘志留纪深水相碎屑岩→陆缘泥盆纪被动裂谷盆地中火山-沉积岩→石炭纪哀牢山有限洋盆及蛇绿岩石组合→晚二叠世-早三叠世哀牢山洋-陆碰撞成陆及弧火山岩-陆相碎屑岩组合。燕山期主造山期及岩石组合为晚三叠世-侏罗纪前陆盆地磨拉石建造-同造山期中酸性侵入岩-燕山期脆韧性剪切带及构造岩。喜马拉雅山期陆内造山成原的岩石组合为第三-第四纪陆内山间盆地中磨拉石建造-红河韧性剪切带及构造岩-富碱侵入岩和煌斑岩。     

Origin and timing of the post-Variscan gabbro–granite complex of Porto (Western Corsica)

The post-Variscan complex of Porto consists of metaluminous to slightly peraluminous A-type biotite granites mingled with gabbro-dioritic rocks, and late dykes with basaltic to trachyandesitic composition. U-Pb zircon dating by LA-ICP-MS on two mafic intrusive samples constrains the time of the gabbro–granite crystallisation at 281 ± 3 Ma and 283 ± 2 Ma. Hornblende ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages from a late trachyandesite dyke date the dyking event at 280 ± 2 Ma, which is within error the U-Pb zircon ages of the intrusives. Biotite granites show variable major and trace element compositions and similar initial ε_Nd (−0.3 to +0.9). Whole rock chemistry variations and trace element compositions of plagioclase and allanite indicate that the granites are genetically linked, essentially through fractional crystallisation of feldspars and minor allanite. On the basis of whole-rock chemistry e.g. initial ε_Nd +4.9 to +1.7 and trace element clinopyroxene compositions, we have ascertained that the mafic intrusives and basic dykes formed from isotopically depleted mantle source-derived melts with similar trace element signature. These basic melts experienced slightly different evolutionary histories, controlled by fractional crystallisation and crustal contamination, mainly by the acid magma that gave rise to the associated biotite granites, but also by the enclosing older Variscan granitoids. U-Pb zircon data suggest that the Porto complex was affected by hydrothermal fluid circulation at 259 ± 9 Ma.