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61.
来自大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)肠道的弧菌拮抗菌的筛选与鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用点种法并以副溶血弧菌(Vp1.2164)和溶藻弧菌(Va-Y)为弧菌指示菌,对从健康的大黄鱼肠道内分离的115株细菌进行体外拮抗试验。并对筛选出的拮抗菌进行抗菌谱测定,最后利用VITEK-32细菌快速鉴定系统和16SrRNA基因序列对拮抗菌进行鉴定。结果表明,从中筛选到3株有较强拮抗作用的菌株,编号分别为X1402-1、X1108和X3914,且菌株X1402-1的抗菌作用最强,抗菌谱最广,21株病原指示菌中,对16株均能产生较强的抑制作用,其中对Vp-1.2164的抑菌直径最大,达到28.5mm,对Va-Y的抑菌直径为8.7mm;其次为菌株X1108和X3914,对两种指示弧菌的抑菌直径分别为:12.0mm、9.0mm和0mm、7.2mm。经VITEK-32细菌快速鉴定系统鉴定,3株拮抗菌分别与铜绿假单胞菌,恶臭假单胞菌,地衣芽孢杆菌的相似性均为99%。通过16SrRNA基因序列分析表明,3株拮抗菌分别与类产碱假单胞菌Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes(EU419918)、恶臭假单胞菌Pseudomon asputida(FJ440105)和地衣芽孢杆菌Bacillus licheniformis(DQ988136)的16SrRNA基因同源性最高,分别为100.0%、97.5%、99.0%。综合分析试验结果,X1402-1、X1108和X3914分别被确定为类产碱假单胞菌、恶臭假单胞菌和地衣芽孢杆菌。 相似文献
62.
Maria de Assunção Franco Jan Vanaverbeke Dick Van Oevelen Karline Soetaert Maria José Costa Magda Vincx Tom Moens 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):276-290
Biomass and respiration rates of bacteria, nematodes and macrobenthos were estimated in relation to the deposition of the spring phytoplankton bloom at two contrasting sites in the Southern North Sea: one with fine‐grained sediment close to the coastline and another with highly permeable sediments. Sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC) was also measured. Bacterial biomass was relatively similar at both stations, whereas nematode and macrobenthic biomass were higher in fine‐grained sediment. In fine sediments, bacterial biomass increased quickly after deposition of the phytoplankton bloom, whereas the response of nematodes and macrobenthos was delayed. In coarser sediments, nematodes and macrobenthos also showed a fast response in terms of density and biomass. Respiration in permeable sediments was mainly dominated by bacteria at all periods of the year. Hence, nematode and macrobenthic respiration did not contribute strongly to SCOC. This is in contrast to the patterns observed in finer sediments, where both macrofauna and nematodes were important oxygen consumers as well. Macrobenthos contributed more to total SCOC than did nematodes in winter. However, shortly after the arrival of phytodetritus at the sea floor, nematodes and macrobenthos contributed equally to the total SCOC, indicating that all benthic size classes should be taken into account when investigating marine benthic respiration rates. 相似文献
63.
南沙海区沉积物中细菌和古细菌16S rDNA多样性的研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
采用细菌16SrDNA通用引物和PCR扩增等方法,构建了南海南沙海区沉积物16S rDNA文库,并通过RFLP酶切分型对所获得的70个克隆进行测序。从国际分子生物学数据库中调取相关序列,以PAUP4.0分析软件构建序列同源性矩阵和系统发育树图。结果表明,与细菌文库中克隆相似的微生物属于4个细菌类群:变形细菌(Proteobacteria)(60%)、革兰氏阳性细菌(Gram-positivre bacteria)(13%)、浮霉菌(Planetomycetes)(10%)和无硫绿细菌(Green nonsulfur bacteria)(6%),其中变形细菌(包括δ-、γ-和α-变形细菌)是明显的优势类群。采用Blast程序对所有序列基因数据库进行搜索,发现只有一个克隆与已知序列完全相似,说明文库具有极高的多样性。但是对古细菌文库中所获得的克隆子进行二级结构和序列特征分析的结果表明,这些克隆子均为海洋未获培养的细菌,因此在作者的文库中并未有古细菌的发现。 相似文献
64.
65.
Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were measured approximately 5 days a week in ankle-depth water at 19 surfzone stations along Huntington Beach and Newport Beach, California, from 1998 to the end of 2003. These sampling periods span the time before and after treated sewage effluent, discharged into the coastal ocean from the local outfall, was disinfected. Bacterial samples were also taken in the vicinity of the outfall during the pre- and post-disinfection periods. Our analysis of the results from both data sets suggest that land-based sources, rather than the local outfall, were the source of the FIB responsible for the frequent closures and postings of local beaches in the summers of 2001 and 2002. Because the annual cycle is the dominant frequency in the fecal and total coliform data sets at most sampling stations, we infer that sources associated with local runoff were responsible for the majority of coliform contamination along wide stretches of the beach. The dominant fortnightly cycle in enterococci at many surfzone sampling stations suggests that the source for these relatively frequent bacteria contamination events in summer is related to the wetting and draining of the land due to the large tidal excursions found during spring tides. Along the most frequently closed section of the beach at stations 3N-15N, the fortnightly cycle is dominant in all FIBs. The strikingly different spatial and spectral patterns found in coliform and in enterococci suggest the presence of different sources, at least for large sections of beach. The presence of a relatively large enterococci fortnightly cycle along the beaches near Newport Harbor indicates that contamination sources similar to those found off Huntington Beach are present, though not at high enough levels to close the Newport beaches. 相似文献
66.
This paper determined the abundance of General Aerobic heterotrophic Bacteria(GAB) in surficial sediments from the Chukchi Sea and the Canadian basin by using MPN and discussed their geographical distribution.The result shows that the determination percentages of the GAB were high,even till 100 percentage.The abundance range and averages of GAB for 4℃and 25℃ were from 4.00×102 to 2.40×106,1.71×106 ind.·g-1(wet sample) and from 2.40×105 to 2.40×107,1.10×107 ind.·g-1(wet sample) respectively.Not only the abundance range but also the averages of GAB in 25℃ were higher than that in 4℃.The abundance of GAB in sediments show a tendency that it is roughly greater in the lower latitudinal area than in the higher latitudinal area.The abundance of GAB increased from east to west as for the longitudinal distribution.With the water depth increasing,the abundance of GAB at 4℃ decreased,but GBA at 25℃ is not changed obviously with water depth.It seems that warmer circumstantial temperature is more suitable for some GAB. 相似文献
67.
Shanta Nair C. Mohandass P. A. Loka Bharathi G. Sheelu Raghukumar Chandralata 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):273-283
The response of sediment bacteria and biochemical variables to benthic disturbance was investigated in the Central Indian Ocean Basin from cores at nine stations. Generally, bacterial density and biochemical variables declined vertically with depth in the upper layers of the cores. Mechanical disturbance caused by a hydraulic disturber brought about a substantial decrease in total bacterial numbers. However, the numbers of retrievable bacteria increased by two orders of magnitude. The biochemical parameters decreased in quantity with a shift in the linear relationship. The data suggest that abiotic artifacts will directly affect the biomass and biochemistry of the sediment. 相似文献
68.
69.
根据不同畜禽养殖污水产生系数与污染物平均浓度,计算出不同畜禽养殖粪污中COD、TN和TP的含量。并对畜禽养殖业产生的污染物对环境可能产生的污染影响进行分析。进一步说明畜禽粪污必须要妥善处理,否则会对环境造成危害,尤其是对水环境的影响将是巨大的。 相似文献
70.
Ferretti JA Tran HV Cosgrove E Protonentis J Loftin V Conklin CS Grant RN 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(5):1066-1072
Currently, densities of Enterococcus in marine bathing beach samples are performed using conventional methods which require 24 h to obtain results. Real-time PCR methods are available which can measure results in as little as 3 h. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a more rapid test method for the determination of bacterial contamination in marine bathing beaches to better protect human health. The geometric mean of Enterococcus densities using Enterolert® defined substrate testing and membrane filtration ranged from 5.2 to 150 MPN or CFU/100 mL and corresponding qPCR results ranged from 6.6 to 1785 CCE/100 mL. The regression analysis of these results showed a positive correlation between qPCR and conventional tests with an overall correlation (r) of 0.71. qPCR was found to provide accurate and sensitive estimate of Enterococcus densities and has the potential to be used as a rapid test method for the quantification of Enterococcus in marine waters. 相似文献