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811.
812.
813.
In the summer of 1993, a number of chemical parameters (H2S, O2, pH, TA, TCO2, NH
4
+
, PO
4
3–
, SiO2, Mn2+ and Fe2+) were measured in the Framvaren Fjord, a permanently super-anoxic fjord in southern Norway. The extremely steep gradient of sulfide near the interface suggests that other than downward flux of oxygen, three other possible oxidants, particulate manganese and iron oxides, phototrophic sulfur oxidation bacteria and horizontally transported oxygen account for the oxidation of the upward flux of H2S. Water intrusion through the sill accounts for the temperature inflection above the interface, which, together with internal waves (Stigerbrandt and Molvaer, 1988), may cause fluctuations of the depth of interface. Significant gradients of hydrographic properties and chemical species between 80–100 m suggest that there is a second interface at about 90 m that separates the deep and older bottom waters. A stoichiometric model is applied to examine the biogeochemical cycles of S, C, N and P in the Framvaren. High C:S, C:N and C:P ratios are found while the nutrients (N, P) have Redfield ratio. Based on the C:N:P ratio of 155:16:1 in organic matter, about 30% of sulfide produced by sulfate reduction is estimated to be removed by processes such as oxidation, formation of FeS2, degassing and incorporation into organic matter. The rates of oxidation of H2S by Mn and Fe oxides in the water near the interface were slightly faster than the observed values in the laboratory, probably due to the presence of bacteria. 相似文献
814.
Distributions and taxonomy of phyllosoma larvae were examined in Taiwanese waters, based on ichthyoplankton samples collected
from May 1990 to July 1995. Phyllosoma larvae belonged to the two families Scyllaridae and Palinuridae representing 6 genera
and 13 species. Of the collected phyllosoma larvae, those of Scyllarus and Panulirus species were most abundant, forming 90% of total numbers. Early stage Scyllarus and Panulirus phyllosoma larvae were abundant in Taiwanese waters. Middle to late stages (except the final stage) of Panulirus phyllosoma larvae were absent from the waters throughout the year, while those of Scyllarus phyllosoma larvae were collected in the waters. This suggests that all stages of Scyllarus phyllosoma larvae may be retained in the northern part of the waters around northern Taiwan while middle to late stages of
Panulirus phyllosoma larvae may be flushed out from the waters, the sub-final and final stages then possibly returning to the waters.
An anticlockwise eddy existed in the waters off northeastern Taiwan, which may be closely related to flushing out and returning
of Panulirus phyllosoma larvae through a much longer planktonic period.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
815.
Microalgal-based indicators were used to assess terrestrial influence on Shiraho coral reef of Ishigaki Island (Okinawa, Japan). A typhoon occurred on 4-5 August 2005 and sampling were made on three occasions thereafter (6, 8, and 11 August). Pre-typhoon sampling was conducted on 26 July. The typhoon-enhanced terrestrial discharges increased reef nutrient levels (e.g. average NO(3)(-)-N: 0.088mg/L pre-typhoon to 0.817mg/L post-typhoon). This elevated chlorophyll-a concentrations by four times and shifted phytoplankton composition (spectral class-based) from an initial dominance of diatoms and green microalgae to the dominance of bluegreen microalgae (cyanobacteria) and cryptophytes. Cyanobacteria later increased by more than 200% and accounted for as much as 80% of total chl-a ( approximately 0.29microg/L), possibly assisted by favorable nutrient availability. In outer reef waters, diatoms and green microalgae predominated whereas cyanobacteria and cryptophytes were nearly undetectable. Due to detrital decomposition and river discharge, the CDOM was much higher in the inner reef than in the outer reef. Benthic bluegreen microalgae were relatively more abundant in areas close to the river mouth and coastal agricultural fields. At these locations, nutrient concentrations were much higher due to river discharge and potentially significant groundwater discharge. Thus, phytoplankton and benthic microalgae can serve as indicators of terrestrial influence on coral reefs. 相似文献
816.
Bottled waters are an increasingly significant product in the human diet. In this work, we present a dataset of stable isotope ratios for bottled waters sampled in Greece. A total of 25 domestic brands of bottled still waters, collected on the Greek market in 2009, were analysed for δ18O and δ2H. The measured stable isotope ratios range from − 9.9‰ to − 6.9‰ for δ18O and from − 67.50‰ to − 46.5‰ for δ2H. Comparison of bottled water isotope ratios with natural spring water isotope ratios demonstrates that on average the isotopic composition of bottled water tends to be similar to the composition of naturally available local water sources, showing that bottled water isotope ratios preserve information about the water sources from which they were derived and suggesting that in many cases bottled water should not be considered as an isotopically distinct component of the human diet. This investigation also helped to determine the natural origin of bottled water, and to indicate differences between the natural and production processes. The production process may influence the isotopic composition of waters. No such modification was observed for sampled waters in this study. The isotopic methods applied can be used for the authentication of bottled waters and for use in the regulatory monitoring of water products. 相似文献
817.
G. A. Chelnokov N. A. Kharitonova N. N. Zykin O. F. Vereshchagina 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2008,2(6):521-527
Original isotopic and chemical data are reported on the groundwater and gases from the unique occurrence of mineral water in the coastal zone of southern Primorye. Results of the δ18O and δ2H analysis of the underground and surface water of the area integrated with their δ13C composition made it possible to solve the problem of the genesis and evolution of groundwater and gases in the coastal part of the Sea of Japan. It was established that meteoric waters penetrate into the Mesozoic terrigenous rocks and changed their chemical composition under the influence of transformation of organic matter from the host rocks. CO2 released owing to reactions provides multiple enrichment of the water in HCO3 and stimulates Na influx via dissolution of aluminosilicates. 相似文献
818.
北京地区地热测井与热储层研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
北京地热测井由电阻率,自电,天然放射性,井温,井径形成地热测井系列,在划分地层,了解井温,水量等方面取得重要参数资料,为北京地热的勘探,开发,评价提供必要的依据。 相似文献
819.
Diatoms are widely used to study past and present changes in the marine environment. Unimodal models are appropriate for exploring the relationship between environmental properties in Chinese inshore waters and fossil diatom species derived from modem surface sediments. The best-fit relationships between two multivariate datasets (diatom species and environmental variables) were identified using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), which is a constrained ordination technique. The absolute abundance of diatoms in the Chinese inshore waters ranged from 500 to 48 000 valves/g, and the average absolute abundance of all the 29 sites was l l 300 valves/g. 153 species and varieties of diatoms belonging to 42 genera in all were identified in the Chinese inshore waters. There were 28 dominant diatom species in all. According to the absolute abundance of the dominant species and the spatial distribution of the currents from the Chinese inshore waters, 12 diatom assemblages were distinguished from north to south, which reflected the different oceanographic conditions at the regional scale. Of the eight environmental variables considered, the most important environmental variable is winter sea surface salinity (WSS), which was also the only environmental variable with statistical significance. Therefore, it may be used to establish a transfer functions for the Chinese inshore waters in future paleoclimate studies. 相似文献
820.
塔里木盆地油田水的成因与演化 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
塔里木盆地油田水具有高矿化度,相对贫镁,富钙,富锶等特点,在含油层中铝浓度高,铝可能以有机络合物形成存在。氢氧同位素测量值表明;侏罗系,三叠系及寒武系-奥陶系内幕油田水为成岩改造原生水;白垩系,第三系为同生沉积水蒸发五余;侏罗系与石炭系,三叠系与石炭系的不整合面附近及奥陶系顶部,塔中地区石炭系是淡水与成岩改造或蒸发残余原生水混合成因。 相似文献