长江三峡巴东复杂斜坡系统成因研究

三峡库区巴东县新城区所在的扇形大斜坡是一个复杂斜坡系统。斜坡后缘边界的挤压变形带是斜坡整体沿其底界面（T1j^3-T2b^1）之间岩层界面向长江发生重力蠕滑作用的结果,不存在“巴东断裂”问题。斜坡系统内部未发现成规模的褶皱,也不存在数量众多的内动力成因的断裂带。巴东斜坡区浅表生变形破坏类型可概括为侧向拉裂、“雪崩式”垮塌、表层风化、侧向滑移张剪破裂、岩层折断变位、软岩膝折剪破裂和压扭破裂又重胶结7种重力卸荷破坏力学模式。斜坡系统内部发育分期分区（块）滑动（滑坡）现象,但不存在构造地质意义上的“断层”形迹。在地貌形态上,巴东大斜坡被4条冲沟分割成5个斜坡单元。在斜坡地质结构、成因类型与空间分布上,巴东大斜坡可划分为3个层次,即表层崩塌滑坡成因为主的堆积层（第一层次）,冲沟分割且浅表生地质形迹发育的层状顺倾的中间基岩层（第二层次）和整体连续顺倾的深层基岩层（第三层次）。分形几何计算证明,巴东大斜坡的地貌形态尚处于侵蚀发育的青（幼）年期。FLAC^3D数值模拟发现,在长江侵蚀下切的不同阶段,巴东斜坡体前缘和后缘接近底界面位置塑性变形区分布集中,但不具备沿深层界面发生整体滑动剪出的可能性。基本认识是,“巴东复杂斜坡系统”是在官渡口-东瀼口向斜南翼（单斜山）的地质背景下,持续经受长江快速侵蚀下切外动力作用,河谷岸坡快速临空导致其自身重力产生强烈的侧向卸荷与滑移等浅表生地质改造作用过程而形成的,可简单地概括为“重力成因论”。     

Absorption of Arsenite on Several Iron （Hydro-）Oxides and Impact from Pre-processing Methods

The absorption reactions of arsenite on Fe （hydro-）oxides are studied. The three absorbent types are Fe（OH）3 gel and two Fe （hydro-）oxides, in which the Fe（OH）3 gel was dried in a microwave oven under vacuum at 80℃. It is found that pH changes from 9.71 to 10.36 in 6 minutes after the Fe （OH）3 gel was mixed with NaAsO2 solution, as the arsenite replaces the OH- in goethite and Fe（OH）3. At the 40th minute after the start of the reaction, pH decreases, which is most probably because that the monodentate surface complex of absorbed arsenite has changed into mononuclear-bidentate complex and released proton. The decline in pH values indicates not the end of the absorption but a change in the reaction type. Temperature and dissolved gas has little effect on these two types of reactions. The total absorption of arsenite increases after the absorbent is irradiated with ultrasound, which also lead to difficulty in separating the solids from solution. The absorption capacity for arsenite of Fe（OH）3 gel dried in a microwave oven under vacuum is 53.18% and 17.22% respectively better than that of Fe （OH）3 gel and gel dried at 80℃. The possible reasons are that the water molecules in the gel vibrates with high frequency under the effect of microwave irradiation, thereby producing higher porosity and improved surface activity.     

略谈矿产勘查新规范中存在的几个问题

在几年的工作实践中发现矿产勘查新规范存在一些问题,主要是量化度不够、操作性较差、关键词语多解或模糊,特别是在地质普查间距、储量估算方面不易理解掌握,造成地质工作的普遍简单化.     

Stream formation in W Serpentis-type binaries

By the method proposed by Nazarenko (1993) and using observational data obtained by different authors, the physical conditions in the stream in the neighbourhood of the inner Lagrangian point L₁ were calculated for three interacting binary systems of W Ser-type: β Lyr, V367 Cyg, RY Sct. It is shown, that as a result of the evolutional expansion of the mass losing component the deep layers of its atmosphere reach the neighbourhood of the first Lagrangian point L₁ and a stream of axial symmetric shape is formed. Its radius is comparable to the dimension of the mass losing component. The rate of the mass transfer increases up to 10⁻⁵ M_⊙/yr. The calculated parameters of the stream in the neighbourhood of the point L₁ explain the main observational properties of the investigated systems (existence of extended circumstellar matter with a developed structure, high mass transfer rate).     

On the period changes of RR Lyrae variables in the globular cluster M3

O – C diagrams of 78 RR Lyrae variables of the years 1963 to 1978 were used to investigate their comparability with the diagrams of 1895 to 1963. Only 5% have been proved to show a fundamentally deviating trend of the period change.     

应用Supernatural GIS进行3维城市数据分区管理的方法研究

探讨了3维城市数据管理的有关问题,基于3维GIS软件Supernatural GIS研究了3维城市模型大场景海量数据的分区管理、动态调度和快速显示问题,提出了应用Supernatural GIS实现城市3维可视化及大范围城市景观动态漫游的解决方案。     

IKONOS影像生产1∶10 000地理信息产品的研究

简要介绍了IKONOS卫星遥感影像适用于地理信息产品生产的特点,然后通过试验生产,并与传统的航片相比较,详细分析了利用IKONOS影像作为数据源生产1∶10000基础信息产品在精度、生产流程、工作效率、生产周期、外业工作量和价格等方面的情况。     

多桩段工程边坡3维建模方法研究

使用多桩段边坡的角点数据插值生成边坡场景的地形数据,运用OpenGL的自动化技术实现了多桩段边坡的3维建模。使用分块纹理映射的方法,克服了OpenGL渲染机对影像纹理大小的限制。应用低分辨率纹理映射和选择边坡增强纹理分辨率的映射的方法实现了场景的快速建立和漫游,解决了对多桩段边坡的大场景渲染效率与分析时需要的视觉效果的冲突问题。研究成果能够被用于实际工程中,为边坡的辅助设计提供了支持。     

页岩岩相分类表征及对建产区产能的影响

单井产气能力差异大,导致持续稳产困难是页岩气建产区面临的关键难题.围绕页岩气建产区特点,建立了考虑建产区产气能力影响的优质海相页岩岩相分类表征技术流程.首先,分析了建产区优质页岩产气能力差异主控因素,制定了建产区优质页岩岩相分类方案;然后,建立了TOC含量,孔隙度,泥质、硅质、钙质矿物含量等关键参数测井计算模型,结合页...     

激光雷达点云树木建模研究进展与展望

三维树木几何模型是数字城市与数字林业工程的重要组成部分.针对点云树木建模,深入分析了基于广义(泛在)激光雷达点云的树木模型重建方法,提出了聚类思想建模、图论方法建模、先验假设建模、拉普拉斯算子建模与轻量化表达建模5类建模体系,归纳总结了不同建模体系在树冠枝干的细节表达、建模算法性能、树木模型的多层次细节表达、建模体系综...