珠江口近20年红树林湿地的遥感动态监测

应用多种规则相结合的专家系统方法,对珠江口地区3个时相的遥感图像进行分类,得到3个时相的红树林面积变化和空间分布变化。结果表明,从1988年到2002年珠江口地区红树林的整体面积变化是一种先降低再增长的趋势,但红树林类型由分散分布的天然林转变为集中分布的人工林,除淇澳岛、深圳河口地区还有大片的红树林外,其它地区的红树林基本消失。     

用模糊综合评判法优选大射电望远镜候选台址

贵州大射电望远镜候选台址优选,需综合考虑喀斯特洼地几何条件、工程条件、地质条件、气象条件和无线电环境等因素.因上述各因素具复杂性、模糊性和难量化性等特点,本文采用模糊综合评判法进行大射电望远镜候选台址优选.经研究,大射电望远镜候选台址优评价指标可取"长短轴比、最小挖填方率、最适宜口径、洼地闭合情况、岩体结构、地质灾害、洼底水文条件、交通状况"等8个参数,综合评判结果集为"好、较好、一般、差".采用专家评定法和降半梯形分布相结合的隶属度评价模型,共选出38个大射电望远镜候选台址.它们集中分布于三大区域内:一是以平塘、紫云、惠水、罗甸、荔波为中心区域;二是以普定、安顺、镇宁为中心区域;三是以安龙、兴义和关岭为中心区域.     

泰安台固体潮平行观测一致性分析及对异常判定的意义

对山东省泰安基准台固体潮形变观测各分量的曲线形态、潮汐参数等进行了对比分析,认为各分量观测中不同类型仪器之间有较好的同比性,相关性较高。结合仪器频响特征,对几次突出变化的异常性质进行了综合分析,认为均与仪器或局部环境变化有关,不是地震异常。表明在台基良好的条件下,平行观测在异常识别中有重要意义。     

基于衰减记忆思想的故障容错方法

残差χ2法难以准确检测小幅值突变故障,改进的序贯概率比检测(SPRT)方法通过迭代递推,能够检测到故障,但存在延时且对故障结束不敏感。基于此,本文给出了区分故障大小的方法,针对小幅值故障提出了一种基于衰减记忆思想的故障容错方法:当改进的SPRT方法检测到故障后,对系统进行隔离重构,用不包含故障信息的数据进行量测更新,利用衰减因数减小包含故障信息的陈旧滤波值的权重,以提高滤波精度,同时构造"伪正常"状态,使该方法能够及时判断故障结束。仿真结果表明,本文提出的方法适用于故障多发的情形,能够提高滤波精度,增强系统可靠性。     

EAF implementation in Southern Africa: Lessons learnt

The practical implementation of an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) management has proved difficult to achieve. Without simple and structured guidelines for implementing an EAF, managers are grappling with the complexity of implementation and the need to prioritise resources and management actions. Ecological risk assessment has been put forward as a structured procedure. There is a need to review regularly whether progress is being made in addressing the issues and priorities identified through ecological risk assessment. Such reviews require a framework providing clear objectives for the respective fishery and delineating the steps required towards their achievement. This paper proposes a generic framework for reviewing ecological risk assessments through stakeholder workshops. This framework is aided by a fuzzy logic tool to track EAF implementation and informs the development of proactive work plans which incorporate EAF objectives. The advantages and disadvantages of a generic and participatory approach are discussed and compared with other related methods for evaluating progress in implementing an EAF.     

广西天气预报视频会商系统网管软件的操作及常见问题诊断

简要介绍广西天气预报视频会商系统中心控制平台的基本操作方法,并针对在业务运行中出现的常见故障,进行原因分析,并找出解决方法。     

云南水汞的远震和近震前兆异常特征分析

本通过对云南西部７个水汞观测站,１９９０年￣１９９６年９月省内及邻区２６次Ｍ≥５．０级地震的水汞资料进行异常时空强及其形态的分析研究,总结出云南水汞在远震和近震前的前兆异常特征,用这些前兆异常特征对１９９６年９月后１年内各观测站的水汞异常与所发生的地震进行检验,结果很好。此项研究,有助于对未来发震区的判定。     

CSEES: An expert system for analysis and design of cut slopes and embankments

 An expert system is developed for evaluating failure potential of cut slopes and embankments. The fuzzy sets theory is used with the modified Monte Carlo simulation technique to obtain the Slope Failure Potential Index (SFPI) incorporating factors affecting slope stability, such as geology, topography, geomorphology, precipitation, vegetation and drainage conditions. The developed Cut Slopes and Embankments Expert System (CSEES) includes a classification system for evaluating failure potential of cut slopes and embankments, and a data bank on landslides in Jordan. The proposed classification system and slope failure-potential method proved to be successful for the areas that experienced landslides in the past. The expert system can be used directly for areas with the same geological formations as those areas in which landslides occurred in the past and can be used for areas with other geological formations by modifying the rock type or foundation-material type factor incorporated in the expert system. Received: 18 February 1998 · Accepted: 19 October 1998     

径向基函数(RBF)神经网络及其应用

介绍了径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的原理、 学习算法及其在地震预报专家系统ESEP 3.0中的应用。 实际应用结果表明, 该神经网络可以很好地克服BP神经网络学习过程的收敛过分依赖于初值和可能出现局部收敛的缺陷, 具有较快的运算速度、 较强的非线性映射能力和较好的预报效能。     

石漠化智能化解译系统初探

从石漠化智能化遥感解译系统的系统设计目的、系统的框架及功能等方面叙述了系统的初步建立,各部分的功能、专家知识库的初始化和优化等。利用石漠化专家对区域性的石漠化因子信息的认识和对岩溶地区野外地质现象的感知,并将其记录于计算机,建立专家知识库,最终用于石漠化信息的自动提取和石漠化分类。利用所建立的系统对贵阳市一部分区域进行石漠化信息的自动提取和石漠化分类,取得了较为理想的结果。