欠平衡钻井技术与煤层气开发

结合我国煤层气储层及煤层气井的特点,探讨了在我国煤层气地面开发中利用欠平衡钻井技术的可行性和必要性。      

广州南沙地区旅游资源开发与生态环境保护

南沙是广州实施"南拓北优,东进西联"的城市空间发展战略的重点,未来的南沙将以港口码头为中心,建设临港工业基地发展钢铁、造船、机械、汽车制造、石化等大型工业.南沙的建设强调生态优先,旅游资源合理开发与保护是实现南沙生态保护的重要组成部分.南沙旅游资源开发应强调生态环境保护,显现岭南文化特色,科学合理进行旅游资源配置,景观规划必须与城市设计相结合等,重点突显南沙水乡特色和滨海新城风貌,保护南沙湿地资源,旅游景区的建设应充分考虑可持续发展需要,并依托城市建设与城市总体规划,以及与周边城市协调发展等,提出了旅游资     

区域可持续发展研究若干问题的讨论

区域可持续发展涉及的系统是指区域人类生态复合系统,可以分解为自然、经济和社会3个子系统;可持续发展涉及的协调性应该是指人与自然关系的协调,而不宜理解为经济发展指标与环境指标的协调;建立可持续发展模式除了要考虑自然条件外,还要考虑该区所处的发展阶段和社会经济发展状况,注意地方特色;驱动人类生态系统演化的动力包括自然和人类活动两个方面,只有当两这个方面形成合力的时候,区域可持续发展才成为可能,在区域可持续发展研究中必须把影响区域可持续发展的自然因素作为深入研究的一个重要方向.     

干旱区生态环境数据库结构创新设计与集成

本文以西部干旱区为例 ,在 GIS技术的支持下 ,探讨了生态环境数据库的设计原理及方法。实践证明 ,在生态环境信息系统的建设过程中 ,数据的选择、数据库结构的设计、数据的查询与管理起到了举足轻重的作用 ,而本文在这方面的探索提供了重要的参考价值。同时 ,通过建立索引图和索引表的方式创新性地实现了遥感影像、图片、属性数据和文档等数据的空间查询与属性查询 ,打破了原有的单一属性查询方式。     

摩擦型根-土作用模型

随着人们环境保护意识的增强,在边坡防护工程中采用植物护坡方式已经得到越来越多的认可。针对目前植物护坡技术理论水平落后于工程实践的状况,对根与土体的相互作用关系进行了探讨,建立了摩擦型根-土作用力学模型,并且实验结果验证了该模型的正确性。     

飞雁滩油田岸滩防护方案探索

为了降低成本,维持滩海油田的开敞式开发,针对飞雁滩油田的岸滩侵蚀情况提出了几种岸滩防护设想,并进行了对比分析,最后确定了飞雁滩油田岸滩防护初步方案。该方案充分利用自然力,通过人为干扰促使防护区外泥沙起动,借助海上潮流使高含沙海水流经防护区,实现岸滩蚀退的快速防护,对滩海油田的防护具有指导意义。     

Hunter‐gatherer response to late Holocene climatic variability in northern and central Australia

Sum probability analysis of 1275 radiometric ages from 608 archaeological sites across northern and central Australia demonstrates a changing archaeological signature that can be closely correlated with climate variability over the last 2 ka. Results reveal a marked increase in archaeological records across northern and central Australia over the last 2 ka, with notable declines in western and northern Australia between ca. AD 700 and 1000 and post‐AD 1500 – two periods broadly coeval with the Medieval Climatic Anomaly and the Little Ice Age as they have been documented in the Asia–Pacific region. Latitudinal and longitudinal analysis of the dataset suggests the increase in archaeological footprint was continent wide, while the declines were greatest from 9 to 20° S, 110 to 135° E and 143 to 150° E. The change in the archaeological data suggests that, combined with an increase in population over the late Holocene, a disruption or reorganisation of pre‐European resource systems occurred across Australia between ca. AD 700 and 1000 and post‐AD 1500. These archaeological responses can be broadly correlated with transitions of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) mean state on a multi‐decadal to centennial timescale. The latter involve a shift towards the La Niña‐like mean state with wetter conditions in the Australian region between AD 700 and 1150. A transition period in ENSO mean state occurred across Australia during AD 1150–1300, with persistent El Niño‐like and drier conditions to ca. AD 1500, and increasing ENSO variability post‐AD 1500 to the present. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

四川盐文化遗产空间格局研究

借助ArcGIS软件可视化处理功能,运用地理集中指数定量分析方法,对四川盐文化遗产分布特征进行分析,探讨盐文化遗产空间分布的影响因素。分析结果显示:四川盐文化遗产主要由生产遗址和饮食类遗产项目为主,盐文化遗产总体分布相对集中,但在市域空间上分布数量不均衡,其空间分布受地形、资源、历史、经济、政策等因素的影响。在分布特征及其影响因素分析基础上,结合区域盐文化资源特点,提出四川盐文化遗产保护对策。     

Why do conflicts over scarce renewable resources turn violent? A qualitative comparative analysis

This study addresses the question why intergroup conflicts over scarce, renewable resources in peripheral areas of the global South escalate into violence. In order to do so, twenty cases of such conflicts, seven of which turned violent, are analyzed. The method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis is used in order to bridge the gap between quantitative and qualitative accounts in the field and to detect patterns of conjunctural causation. In theoretical terms, structural conditions (negative othering and high power differences between the conflict parties) and triggering conditions (external resource appropriation and recent political change) of a violent escalation of renewable resource conflicts are distinguished. The empirical results as well as various robustness checks and comparisons with individual cases suggest that the simultaneous presence of negative othering, low power differences and recent political change is a sufficient condition for the violent escalation of conflicts over scarce renewable resources. I conclude that research on socio-environmental conflicts should pay more attention to conjunctural causation, local power differences and qualitatively different forms of conflict and political change.     

一种基于空间分析服务链组合的自然资源保护红线审计模型方法

区别于传统的审计方法,针对领导干部自然资源资产离任审计,提出一种空间分析服务链组合的自然资源保护红线审计空间分析建模方法,实现了自然资源保护红线审计的地理处理分析服务链模型,并将其应用到云南省领导干部自然资源资产离任审计工作中。实验表明,该模型具有可行性能够辅助审计部门工作人员快速发现疑点线索,简化用户操作,提高审计效率。