郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段构造应力场及分段特征研究

利用Snoke方法求解和收集得到的77次中小地震的震源机制解资料, 采用Gephart应力张量反演方法, 获得了郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段构造应力场, 最大主压应力方位角为80°, 最小主压应力方位角为172°, 最大、 中等和最小主压应力倾角分别为15°、 65°和19°, 反映了研究区处于近EW向水平作用和近NS向的水平拉张作用环境下。 根据地震活动、 地质构造及震源机制解差异, 我们将郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段分5个区段开展研究, 结果显示: 5个分区应力场存在局部差异, 最大主压应力方位角处于63°～88°之间, 从北往南总体方向成顺时针偏转的趋势。 跨郯庐断裂带两侧的应力场研究结果显示, 从西到东最大主压应力方向有一个逆时针偏转的趋势, 西侧最大主压应力方向更接近EW向, 东侧更接近NE向, 郯庐断裂带内处于两侧的过渡地段。     

近邻桩基施工对城市地铁隧道的影响分析

近邻桩基施工会对盾构隧道产生较大的不利影响,试桩过程中对试桩周围土体深层水平位移、隧道结构竖向位移和沉降进行了现场监测。监测结果表明,隧道结构竖向位移和水平位移缓慢增加,对桩体周边土体产生扰动;管片位移最大值发生在与试桩相对应的剖面上;随着试桩距离的增加,管片沉降和最大水平位移减小。管片以发生水平位移为主,沉降约为水平位移的0.5倍。在隧道埋深范围内,深层土体水平位移向隧道方向移动;隧道埋深范围以下,土层的水平位移向远离隧道方向移动。试桩实践表明,采用全套管钢套管护壁旋挖取土工艺,并在施工过程中对盾构隧道和周围土体进行动态信息化监测的施工方法能较好地预警、控制施工风险,得到的结论可以为相似工程的施工提供指导和参考。     

祁连山中东段地区中小地震震源机制和区域应力场

利用哥伦比亚大学 GCMT 目录给出的祁连山中东段地区中强地震震源机制资料,研究较大区域（34°-41°N,100°-106°E）的应力场;利用该地区布设的中法微震数字监测台网多年监测资料和甘肃数字监测台网资料,使用 P 波和 S 波初动及振幅比联合反演方法,反演中小地震震源机制解和发震应力场。结果表明,地区构造应力大致为北东40°-45°水平向压应力;景泰地区主压应力方向约北东45°,绝大多数地震为走滑型。天祝-古浪地区有相当部分的逆断层地震分布,主压应力方向约60°,P 轴仰角在10°左右优势分布,大致为水平应力场。这与大区域构造应力场和断层实际分布基本一致。     

居隆庵地段铀成矿的地质条件

从区域环境到矿化阶段的系统论述,其用意是强调区域环境的深部构造热作用是成矿的热动力基础,多种地球物理-地球化学场（晕）叠置区是成矿区的标志。火山-岩浆演化是热源的积累．先钼后铀的矿化作用基础,碱性流体交代蚀变和氢交代铀富集成矿等综合因素决定了居隆庵是一个具有较大潜力的铀资源地段。     

东昆仑断裂带东部塔藏断裂地震地表破裂特征及其构造意义

The East Kunlun fault zone is located in the northern margin of the Bayan Har block. The study of earthquake rupture behavior in the fault zone is of importance for understanding the future seismic risk in northwest Sichuan. A number of geological field investigations, typical micro topography DGPS measurements and sample dating show that the earthquake activity of the East Kunlun fault zone extends to the north boundary of Zoige basin, a segment known as the Luocha segment of Tazang fault. In the satellite image, the segment is seen clearly as gray and yellow strips. The earthquake deformation zone mainly features fault scarp, valleys on the slope, offset gullies and terraces, linear distribution of plants, waterfall, fault spring, fault sag pond, and landslide, collapse and talus associated with surface rupturing. These phenomena are distributed intermittently along the re-existing fault and form a ～50km-long inverse L-shaped deformation zone. Fault activities caused left-lateral offset of gullies and terraces, with horizontal displacement concentrated at 5.5m~6m, 18m～23m, 68m～75m, and 200m～220m, respectively. The recent earthquake occurred between 340±30～500±30BP. The macro epicenter is located 5km～7km northwest of Benduo village, with magnitude of MW7.3～7.4, maximum coseismic displacement of 6m, horizontal displacement 5.5m～6m and vertical displacement 0.2m～0.5m, being in a proportion of 5∶1～10∶1. These phenomena show that the Tazang fault is the causative fault of this earthquake. The fault is a Holocene active fault and was dominated recently by left-lateral movement with a small amount of thrust component under compressive shear stress. This characteristic is similar to the movement in other segments of the East Kunlun fault zone. The results of this study support the "continental escape" model.     

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盾构隧道地震响应分析方法及工程应用

盾构隧道在地震作用下可发生接头螺栓剪断、管片开裂、管片端部混凝土脱落、大变形及错台等震害,将影响隧道的安全与正常使用,因此,建立合理的分析模型与计算方法来研究隧道可能的震害具有重要的工程防震减灾意义。采用嵌入梁单元模拟接头,厚壳单元模拟管片,无限元作为动力人工边界,同时在管片之间及管片与地层间设置非连续接触关系,更好地模拟了管片厚度方向应力及管片与地层间的相互作用,建立了厚壳-接触-无限元地震响应分析模型。并将该模型运用于某大直径越江盾构隧道的抗震分析中,计算结果与盾构隧道震害特征较为吻合,表明该模型可反映盾构隧道的真实地震动响应。并应用该模型分析了壁后注浆层材料参数及结构与土体相互作用对管片动力响应的影响。所建模型对于研究盾构或TBM施工隧道的震害分析具有很好的推广价值。     

一种空间数据接边入库方法

针对空间数据接边入库提出了一种新的方法,可有效改善传统方法效率低和质量不可控等问题。为提高接边处待合并要素的提取效率,根据当前数据要素总数和接边线总长度进行接边线最优分段处理;同时,为满足数据入库质量要求,采用网络分析技术对数据进行优化处理,删除接边处多余节点。实践表明,本文提出的方法可以兼顾空间数据接边入库的效率和质量,在保证质量的前提下节省了人力、物力和时间,在基础测绘和地理国情普查等数据的接边入库工作中发挥了重要作用。     

Millennial-centennial scales climate changes of Holocene indicated by magnetic susceptibility of high-resolution section in Salawusu River valley,China

The upmost segment(Holocene series)of the Milanggouwan stratigraphic section(MGS1)in the Salawusu River valley shows 11 sedimentary cycles of dune sands and fluvio-lacustrine facies,or dune sands and paleosols.The analysis of the magnetic susceptibility of this segment suggests that there are 11 magnetic susceptibility cycles with the value alternating from low to high,in which the layers of the dune sands correspond to the lower value of the magnetic susceptibility and the layers of fluvio-lacustrine facies and paleosols correspond to the higher peaks.The study reveals that the low and high magnetic susceptibility values indicate the climate dominated by cold-arid winter monsoon and warm-humid summer monsoon of East Asia,respectively,and the study area has experienced at least 22 times of mil-lennial-centennial scales climate alternation from the cold-arid to the warm-humid during the Holocene.In terms of the time and the climate nature,the variations basically correspond to those of the North Atlantic and some records of cold-warm changes in China as well.They might be caused by the alternation of winter and summer monsoons in the Mu Us Desert induced by global climate fluctuations in the Holocene.     

FAULT ACTIVITY OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SEGMENT OF THE EASTERN BRANCH OF XINYI-LIANJIANG FAULT ZONE IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

The NE-trending Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone is a tectonic belt, located in the interior of the Yunkai uplift in the west of Guangdong Province, clamping the Lianjiang synclinorium and consisting of the eastern branch and the western branch. The southwestern segment of the eastern branch of Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone, about 34km long, extends from the north of Guanqiao, through Lianjiang, to the north of Hengshan. However, it is still unclear about whether the segment extends to Jiuzhoujiang alluvial plain or not, which is in the southwest of Hengshan. If it does, what is about its fault activity? According to ‘Catalogue of the Modern Earthquakes of China’, two moderately strong earthquakes with magnitude 6.0 and 6.5 struck the Lianjiang region in 1605 AD. So it is necessary to acquire the knowledge about the activity of the segment fault, which is probably the corresponding seismogenic structure of the two destructive earthquakes. And the study on the fault activity of the segment can boost the research on seismotectonics of moderately strong earthquakes in Southeast China. In order to obtain the understanding of the existence of the buried fault of the southwestern segment, shallow seismic exploration profiles and composite borehole sections have been conducted. The results indicate its existence. Two shallow seismic exploration profiles show that buried depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throw of the buried fault are 60m and 4~7m(L5-1 and L5-2 segment, the Hengshan section), 85m and 5~8m(L5-3 segment), 73m and 3~5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively and all of them suggest the buried fault has offset the base of the Quaternary strata. Two composite borehole sections reveal that the depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throws of the buried segment are about 66m and 7.5m(Hengshan section) and 75m and 5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively. The drilling geological section in Hengshan reveals that the width of the fault could be up to 27m. Chronology data of Quaternary strata in the two drilling sections, obtained by means of electron spin resonance(ESR), suggest that the latest activity age of the buried fault of the southwestern segment is from late of early Pleistocene(Tiantouzai section) to early stage of middle Pleistocene(Hengshan section). Slip rates, obtained by Hengshan section and Tiantouzai section, are 0.1mm/a and 0.013mm/a, respectively. As shown by the fault profile located in a bedrock exposed region in Shajing, there are at least two stages of fault gouge and near-horizontal striation on the fault surface, indicating that the latest activity of the southwestern segment is characterized by strike-slip movement. Chronology data suggest that the age of the gouge formed in the later stage is(348±49) ka.