Forces on partly buried, tandem twin cylinders in waves at low Keulegan-Carpenter numbers

This study deals with the forces on the circular cylinder, laid on, or partly buried in the bed with a parallel twin dummy cylinder nearby and without it. They were determined by measuring the pressure distribution on the cylinder in the case of wave at low KC numbers. The forces on the cylinder were calculated by the integration of the measured pressures determined by pressure transducers on the surface of the cylinder. Force coefficients were obtained for the low KC numbers (KC<5), for the burial-depth-to-the diameter ratio = 0-0.7. The distance between axis of the measurement and dummy cylinders to diameter ratio (x/D) was 2, 1.5 and 1. The dummy cylinder was replaced downstream and upstream of the measurement cylinder.     

椭圆形柱体地震动水压力的简化分析方法

首先,文章基于辐射波浪理论,在椭圆坐标系下采用分离变量法推导了水中椭圆形柱体地震动水压力的解析解。之后,采用有限元方法建立了地震作用下水与结构相互作用的动力方程,方程中水体对结构的作用为一满阵的附加质量矩阵。满阵的附加质量矩阵难以在商业有限元中实现,因此提出了集中的附加质量矩阵方法,其中结构柔性引起的附加质量为集中附加质量矩阵和修正系数的乘积,该修正系数与无量纲参数宽深比和长短轴比相关。最后,通过曲线拟合,提出了刚性椭圆柱体动水力的均布附加量简化公式,该简化公式是无量纲参数宽深比和长短轴比的函数。     

波浪对阻抗型圆柱群的绕射

应用柱面上阻抗型边界条件分析单柱和圆柱群上波面高度和总波浪力的分布规律。随着阻抗值减小波面高度明显减小,柱上总的波浪力也随之减小。由于柱间干扰和阻抗影响,波浪力在一定的波数尺寸范围内出现急降区,阻抗型柱的变化平缓,而刚性光滑壁面柱降低显著,说明阻抗越小柱间波浪散射强度越小。     

不同来流条件下四圆柱尾流场试验研究

基于粒子图像测速技术(PIV)对小间距比比L/D=1.5工况下方形布置四圆柱在不同来流角角α(α=0°、15°、30°、45°)条件下的尾流流场特性进行了试验研究,分析了不同来流角度条件下四圆柱瞬时和时均尾流流场特征,获得了瞬时和时均速度矢量、涡量等值线、流线拓扑及雷诺应力分布随来流角度变化的规律。试验结果表明,来流角度对方形布置四圆柱尾流形态有显著影响。四圆柱瞬时尾流形态随来流角度增大可分为延伸体流动流态(α=0°)、尾流剪切层附着流态(α=15°、30°)及尾流剪切层共同脱落流态(α=45°)三种流态。当来流角度增大时,四圆柱下游断面平均流向速度分布由"W"形向"U"形转变,时均雷诺正应力及雷诺剪切应力等值线分布特征也会发生明显改变。     

不同倒角半径四柱体绕流数值模拟及水动力特性分析

为研究四柱体布置情况下倒角半径变化对柱体绕流水动力特性的影响,使用Fluent软件,采用大涡模拟方法研究了在雷诺数Re=3 900下6种不同倒角半径的柱体在方形四柱体布置时的三维流场。在模型分析验证有效后,分析了柱体后方瞬时流场、水动力参数、时均流场的变化情况。分析结果表明:随着倒角半径的增大,上游柱体的平均阻力系数逐渐减小,下游柱体的平均阻力系数除了在R~+=0.1处增幅很大以外,其余均随倒角半径变大而平稳变大;各柱体的升力系数均方根变化趋势基本相同;R~+=0.1、0.5时,上下游两柱体的升力系数曲线相位相反,而在R~+=0.2、0.3和0.4时,上下游两柱体的升力系数曲线相位相同。     

并列双圆柱涡激振动的经验性模型研究

建立一种新的预报并列双圆柱涡激振动响应的经验性模型,根据特定间距比条件下旋涡脱落频率出现分支的现象,提出以两个具有不同固有频率的尾流振子来共同描述结构的近壁尾涡动力特性,同时两个振子均满足van der Pol方程,进而得到结构振子和流体振子的耦合方程组。使用该模型分别对中高质量比和低质量比的并列圆柱涡激振动问题进行数值计算,结果表明,结构的位移响应和最大振动幅值等变化规律与实验结果趋势一致,数值基本吻合。     

Short-crested waves interaction with a concentric porous cylinder system with partially porous outer cylinder

In this paper, based on the linear wave theory, the interaction of short-crested waves with a concentric dual cylindrical system with a partially porous outer cylinder is studied by using the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM), which is a novel semi-analytical method with the advantages of combining the finite element method (FEM) with the boundary element method (BEM). The whole solution domain is divided into one unbounded sub-domain and one bounded sub-domain by the exterior cylinder. By weakening the governing differential equation in the circumferential direction, the SBFEM equations for both domains can be solved analytically in the radial direction. Only the boundary on the circumference of the exterior porous cylinder is discretized with curved surface finite elements. Meanwhile, by introducing a variable porous-effect parameter G, non-homogeneous materials caused by the complex configuration of the exterior cylinder are modeled without additional efforts. Comparisons clearly demonstrate the excellent accuracy and computational efficiency associated with the present SBFEM. The effects of the wide range wave parameters and the structure configuration are examined. This parametric study will help determine the various hydrodynamic effects of the concentric porous cylindrical structure.     

海洋工程中双柔性圆柱流激振动响应特性

海洋立管、海底管线和浮式平台系泊缆等柔性圆柱结构的流激振动会造成严重的疲劳损伤。目前,关于单根柔性圆柱流激振动的研究较多。为研究多根柔性圆柱系统的流激振动特性,开展了双柔性圆柱流激振动的模型试验。采用模态分析法将试验测量应变转化为位移。通过分析双柔性圆柱在并列、串列和交错排布方式下的响应位移、控制频率,揭示了双柔性圆柱的流激振动特性。研究结果表明:柔性圆柱并列排布时,两圆柱的相互作用使结构顺流向位移增大;柔性圆柱串列排布时,受遮蔽效应的影响,下游圆柱控制模态较低。由于柔性圆柱的多模态响应特性,"锁频"区后下游圆柱的位移并未显著增大;柔性圆柱交错排布时,下游圆柱发生"Wake-flutter",横流向和顺流向的控制频率接近,顺流向的位移显著增大。     

Wave-Current Forces on Small Square Cylinders (Part II)

Based on model tests, the lift and resultant forces on small square cylinders caused by waves (regular and irregular) and currents are analyzed in this paper. The lift and resultant force coefficients CL and Cf related to KC number and the effect of direction of wave propagation are also given, which may be useful for practical engineering application.     

中国西南地区强震烈度衰减模型的研究

本文将研究范围限定在西南地区,因其具有相似地形地貌特征和发震构造的区域,并选取1913年以来6.5级以上的典型震例作为研究对象,通过对数据的分析统计,得到了传统的烈度衰减椭圆模型不适用于7.0级以上强震的结论;根据烈度区域面积与震级、破裂长度与震级以及缓冲区分析的方法得到了更加符合强震烈度衰减规律的断层距模型;在面积统计关系对比和实际烈度分布的综合对比中,得到了适用于强震的较为合理的烈度衰减模型,并根据本文得到的烈度衰减规律,结合ArcGIS二次开发,编写了用于快速绘制等震线的控件.本文的研究结果对于震后快速评估和地震应急有着现实意义.