构造变动对油气藏保存的影响

在油气藏保存条件的诸多因素中,构造变动是最直接、宏观的影响因素。通过综合研究,建立了构造变动对原生油气藏保存的四种影响模式,即整体上升对油气藏盖层的影响,差异升降及断裂活动对圈闭客积的改变,断层的封启性对油气藏保存、散失或再分配的影响等。其影响的结果或程度主要取决于升降的幅度、断裂(活动)性质及其时空分布特征和断裂封闭或开启的程度。研究结果表明,油气封盖层的厚度及其封盖能力受构造抬升、剥蚀作用的影响较大,油气藏储集容积是区域构造面倾角的函数,二者成反比,而有效封盖厚度是盖层真厚度、断层落差和盖层倾角的函数。     

斑海豹（Phoca largha pallas）的淡水饲养与繁殖研究

斑海豹(Phoca largha Pallas)的淡水饲养繁殖,国内尚未见详细报道。本文就济南动物园淡水饲养繁殖海豹的成功经验予以报道。斑海豹淡水饲养繁殖,需要有适宜的生态环境,尤其是水温一般不得超过26～28℃。海豹池的构造、水质、饲料也是关键问题。斑海豹的妊娠期为一年,正负5～20天左右。2～3月产仔,每胎一仔。其生殖期也是交配期,交配时间5～7天。仔海豹的哺乳期为26～28天,28日龄后即独立生活。仔海豹自17日龄开始退脱胎毛,约26日龄退完。仔海豹停止哺乳后4～6天换食鱼类。     

塔里木盆地不整合油气藏特征

塔时木盆地是我国最大内陆盆地，在地史上经历了多次构造运动的改造，形成了多期不整合面，这些不整合面对油气的运移和聚集作用十分显著，有众多与不整合有关的油气藏的形成和分布，显示了巨大的油气勘探前景。     

Birds, seals and the suspension culture of mussels in Bantry Bay, a non-seaduck area in Southwest Ireland

Concerns about the environmental impacts of mariculture have grown in recent years in response to the rapid expansion of the industry. The blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) is the main product of shellfish mariculture in the Northeast Atlantic and Baltic Sea, with approximately one third of the harvest cultured using suspended longlines within sheltered marine areas. The main aim of this study was to examine the interactions, and assess the impacts (if any) of mussel suspension culture on the seabird and seal community, employing a simultaneous study of culture and control sites. The study spanned a 20-month period (from November 2001 to August 2003) and encompassed six sites in Bantry Bay (Southwest Ireland).There was no significant difference in species richness between mussel and control sites. Similarly, species diversity did not significantly differ between the mussel and control sites although control sites were generally more diverse than mussel sites, the latter particularly dominated by large numbers of Laridae.Significantly higher numbers of Phalacrocoracidae, Laridae and Alcidae were recorded in mussel sites than in control sites. However, no significant difference was found between Gaviidae or common seal (Phoca vitulina) numbers in mussel and control sites. Seasonal patterns of abundance were similar in mussel and control sites, with peak numbers of most species groups occurring in spring.Mussel suspension culture does not appear to have an adverse effect on the abundance of seabirds or common seals in this area. The safe perching platforms provided by suspension culture floats, combined with a number of other factors, contribute to an increased abundance of a number of seabird species, particularly Laridae. The possible interactions between vertebrate predators and mussel suspension aquaculture are discussed and possible explanations for the increased seabird abundance observed in these areas are offered.     

Review of the current distribution of southern elephant seals in the eastern South Pacific

The eastern South Pacific southern elephant seal population was extinguished by extensive hunting and the current presence of this species in this area is not well understood. We reviewed existing records from the 1900s to 2014 in the eastern South Pacific, as well as tagged seals and movement records in order to assess the potential immigration source of these individuals. A total of 409 confirmed sightings were compiled, ranging from the southern tip of South America (Cape Horn Archipelago) as far north as Ecuador, including some oceanic island groups. The evidence shows also that recolonisation of its former Pacific distribution has started, with slow population growth in three incipient pupping sites in southern Chile (south of 51°S). Although the source of all of the individuals in the growing colonies is unknown, evidence from tags and satellite tagging indicates that some seals come from subpopulations on the Peninsula Valdes and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands, although mtDNA analysis showed, preliminarily, a greater genetic relationship only with the Falkland/Malvinas Islands rookery.     

基于数字水印的电子印章系统的研究与实现

讨论了法院信息系统中的电子文档安全性问题.针对传统印章的易伪造性弊端,通过将密码签名原理和数字水印技术应用于电子印章之中,并结合COM插件技术实现了机密文档的防篡改功能、身份认证功能及不可否认性功能.     

Elemental and Isotopic Signatures in the Sediments Influenced by Seal Excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula and Their Po- tential Paleoecological Applications

The elemental and isotopic signatures in the sediments influenced by seal excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula are examined for their potential palaeoecologlcal applications. The seal hair abundance in sediments exhibits remarkable fluctuation versus depth, indicating similar changes in historical populations of the seals visiting the marine terrace. The combination of δ^13 C, total organic carbon concentration （TOC）, total nitrogen concentration （TN） and atomic C/N ratio shows that the organic matters in sediments with numerous seal hairs have a marine origin and are predominantly derived from seal excrements. The large δ15 N values in sediments are attributed to trophic enrichment and NH3 vollatilization processes. The large variations in the δ^15 N values and the negative correlation between the δ15 N values and the seal hair abundances seem to be the results of changes in the paleoclimates and the volatilization rates of the ammonia produced in the seal excrements. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments are interpreted as a mixture of the ones from the seal excrements （30%-50%） and the chemically weathered local bedrocks （70%-50%）. The calculated proportion of seal-derived Sr based on the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios has a significant correlation with seal hair abundances in sediments. These results suggest that δ15 N values and the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments were influenced by seal excrements, similar to seal halt numbers, and thus can potentially be used to estimate the historical seal population in the Antarctic region.     

徐深气田盖层封气有效性研究

利用钻井、地震和分析测试资料,对徐深气田盖层发育及分布、封气能力的有效性和封气时间的有效性进行了研究,得到徐深气田天然气盖层主要为登二段发育的泥岩和营一段顶部发育的火山岩,前者整个断陷分布,是断陷南部营四段火山角砾岩和断陷北部营三段火山岩储集天然气的盖层,后者仅分布在断陷南部,是营一段火山岩储集天然气的盖层。徐深气田中12个气藏盖层排替压力均大于储层排替压力和气藏剩余压力之和,封气能力的有效性好,有利于天然气聚集与保存。登二段和营一段顶部盖层封气性形成时期主要分别为泉一、二段沉积时期和登四段沉积时期,均早于沙河子组煤系源岩的大量排气期（青山口组沉积时期）,封气时间的有效性好,也有利于天然气的大规模富集成藏。     

Autonomous video camera system for monitoring impacts to benthic habitats from demersal fishing gear, including longlines

Studies of the interactions of demersal fishing gear with the benthic environment are needed in order to manage conservation of benthic habitats. There has been limited direct assessment of these interactions through deployment of cameras on commercial fishing gear especially on demersal longlines. A compact, autonomous deep-sea video system was designed and constructed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) for deployment on commercial fishing gear to observe interactions with benthos in the Southern Ocean finfish fisheries (targeting toothfish, Dissostichus spp). The Benthic Impacts Camera System (BICS) is capable of withstanding depths to 2500 m, has been successfully fitted to both longline and demersal trawl fishing gear, and is suitable for routine deployment by non-experts such as fisheries observers or crew. The system is entirely autonomous, robust, compact, easy to operate, and has minimal effect on the performance of the fishing gear it is attached to. To date, the system has successfully captured footage that demonstrates the interactions between demersal fishing gear and the benthos during routine commercial operations. It provides the first footage demonstrating the nature of the interaction between demersal longlines and benthic habitats in the Southern Ocean, as well as showing potential as a tool for rapidly assessing habitat types and presence of mobile biota such as krill (Euphausia superba).