顾及EGM96模型的GPS水准高程拟合

介绍了如何利用EGM96模型采用“移去-恢复法”计算GPS点的高程异常，进而求解正常高的方法，并结合实例将其与常规拟合的结果进行比较，对其在生产应用中的可行性进行了分析。     

The southern margin of the East European Craton: new results from seismic sounding and potential fields between the North Sea and Poland

The extension of eastern Avalonia from Britain through the NE German Basin into Poland is, in some sense, a virtual structure. It is covered almost everywhere by late Paleozoic and younger sediments. Evidence for this terrane is only gathered from geophysical data and age information derived from magmatic rocks. During the last two decades, much geophysical and geological information has been gathered since the European Geotraverse (EGT), which was followed by the BABEL, LT-7, MONA LISA, DEKORP-Basin'96, and POLONAISE'97 deep seismic experiments. Based on seismic lines, a remarkable feature has been observed between the North Sea and Poland: north of the Elbe Line (EL), the lower crust is characterised by high velocities (6.8–7.0 km/s), a feature which seems to be characteristic for at least a major part of eastern Avalonia (far eastern Avalonia). In addition, the seismic lines indicate that a wedge of the East European Craton (EEC) (or Baltica) continues to the south below the southern Permian Basin (SPB)—a structure which resembles a passive continental margin. The observed pattern may either indicate an extension of the Baltic crust much farther south than earlier expected or oceanic crust of the Tornquist Sea trapped during the Caledonian collision. In either case, the data require a reinterpretation of the docking mechanism of eastern Avalonia, and the Elbe–Odra Line (EOL), as well as the Elbe Fault system, together with the Intra-Sudedic Faults, appear to be related to major changes in the deeper crustal structures separating the East European crust from the Paleozoic agglomeration of Middle European terranes.     

Truncation Error due to Geopotential Model EGM96

The truncation error for the harmonic EGM96 series has been investigated on the basis of 24 242 testing points covering about 70% of the Earth's surface. No degree n of harmonics retained was found at which the series becomes divergent. The EGM96 rms diminishes with increasing n. The truncation error due to EGM96 at the physical Earth's surface has no limiting consequences.     

基于EIGEN-CG03C地球重力场模型的GPS高程转换算法研究

针对地形起伏较大地区纯粹采用数值逼近方法进行GPS高程转换精度不高的事实,提出了一种在"移去-拟合-恢复"思路的基础上,综合利用EIGEN-CG03C地球重力场模型和数值逼近算法进行GPS高程转换的方法。通过某隧道实例验证了该方法的有效性和实用性,证实该方法在地形起伏较大的重山区能够达到较高的精度。     

利用EGM2008模型进行区域高程异常改正的实现

利用哈尔滨市区及周边17个水准点GNSS/水准数据,与EGM2008模型所计算的高程异常进行对比,对模型计算的高程异常进行改正,得到精度达到0.05 m的高程异常值。     

SYZX96型绳索取心液动锤在甘肃李坝金矿

在陇南紫金李坝金矿钻探施工中遇强水敏性、破碎、复杂地层,普通绳索取心钻具岩心采取率低,平均采取率86.5%,回次进尺少,多在1 m以下,最小回次进尺只有20～30 cm,钻进效率低,平均台班进尺约5 m。通过使用SYZX96型绳索取心液动锤,钻进效率明显提升,平均岩心采取率提高8%,平均回次进尺提高50%,平均台月效率提高17.5%,纯钻时间增加到了60%左右。共完成6个钻孔,进尺2488 m,其中2个钻孔采用SYZX96型绳索取心液动锤,效果明显。总结出适合强水敏性、破碎、复杂地层绳索取心液动锤的使用经验,为类似地层钻探施工提供技术借鉴。     

基于EGM2008城市似大地水准面精化成果的质量检验与分析

为了检验城市似大地水准面精化项目成果模型的质量,本文利用一定数量的高程异常控制点,以基于EGM2008地球重力场模型及二次曲面函数拟合的方法,构建了一套质量检验模型,其精度优于±5.0 cm。采用质量检验模型比对项目成果模型进行质量分析检验,与外业实地检测相比,检验工作量较小,对项目成果模型的质量评价更全面、可靠。     

High-resolution Echo-sounding and Detection of Embedded Archaeological Objects with Nonlinear Sub-bottom Profilers

Sub-bottom profilers based on nonlinear acoustics offer many advantages especially for detecting and locating embedded objects in shallow waters. They have a narrow beam in spite of small transducers and virtually no side lobes. It is possible to realize mobile low-frequent sub-bottom profilers, which transmit very short sound pulses. Excellent vertical as well as horizontal resolutions at reasonable penetrations are proven benefits of using this technique. In this paper some technical aspects are discussed and a new experimental nonlinear scanning sub-bottom profiler system is described. Results from a field trial in archaeological prospection are shown to illustrate the successful application in practice.     

利用EGM2008模型与加权组合模型进行高程异常拟合

高程异常拟合是GPS高程测量应用于实际工作的重要技术手段,高精度地求解高程异常是技术关键。本文提出了顾及EGM2008重力场模型的高程异常拟合方法,通过EGM2008重力场模型计算高程异常长波项,并对剩余高程异常利用加权组合模型进行拟合。通过江苏省某市的实测数据验证顾及EGM2008重力场模型的加权组合模型拟合方法。结果表明,该方法的精度达到了厘米级,高程异常拟合效果最大提升了30%。     

基于EGM2008重力场模型的松原灌区大地水准面精化

以松原灌区GPS控制网为例,采用高程异常直接拟合和插值法,以及基于EGM2008重力场模型和移去-计算-恢复技术的残差二次曲面拟合和插值法,精化了测区大地水准面。首先简要介绍了研究区数据,进而探讨了高程异常的获取,在此基础上,详细介绍了二次曲面拟合的大地水准面精化和空间插值法大地水准面精化方法,结果表明,EGM2008重力场模型精度较高,对精化局域和国家大地水准面具有重要意义。