天山中段及祁连山东段小冰期以来的冰川及环境

本文通过考察、航片判读、及AAR法测算了冰川变化,用地衣、文史资料、及树轮年表进行了小冰期的测年,使用实测资料分析、冰岩芯及树轮资料等估算了小冰期的气温与降水、并进而计算了地表径流的变化。在全部讨论中,还引用了一些试验性的方法和公式。     

298.15K下LiCl-Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O体系中LiCl的活度系数和离解平衡研究

用锂离子选择电极和经典 Ag- Ag Cl电极测定了 2 98.15K下 L i Cl- Li2 B4 O7- H2 O体系中离子强度范围为 0 .0 1～ 2 .50 mol· kg-1,不同 Li2 B4 O7离子强度分数的 L i Cl的平均活度系数。由实验数据 ,用迭代法及多元线性回归法 ,求取了 L i2 B4 O7的化学计量离解平衡常数 Km,热力学离解平衡常数 K及 Pitzer离子作用参数 ,并与实验值比较标准偏差为 0 .0 50 0。同时该实验结果在 0 .0 1- 0 .50 mol·kg-1离子强度范围内与 2 98.15K下 L i Cl- L i2 SO4 - H2 O体系 L i Cl平均活度系数的变化趋势进行了比较 ,得到 L i Cl在 Li2 B4 O7介质中平均活度系数随 Yb的增大而增大 ,而在 L i2 SO4 介质中则减小     

Sediment budget in the Lagoon of Venice,Italy

A comparison of 1927, 1970 and 2002 bathymetric surveys in the Lagoon of Venice was used to reconstruct historical changes in sedimentation. A detailed GIS-based analysis of the charts revealed the timing and pattern of geomorphic changes and allowed calculation of sediment deposition and erosion for the entire lagoon and each of its four sub-basins: Treporti, Lido, Malamocco and Chioggia.     

A three-step floating catchment area method for analyzing spatial access to health services

Gravity-based spatial access models have been widely used to estimate spatial access to healthcare services in an attempt to capture the interaction of various factors. However, these models are inadequate in informing health resource allocation work due to their inappropriate assumption of healthcare demand. For the purpose of effective healthcare resource planning, this article proposes a three-step floating catchment area (3SFCA) method to minimize the healthcare-demand overestimation problem. Specifically, a spatial impedance-based competition scheme is incorporated into the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method to account for a reasonable model of healthcare supply and demand. A case study of spatial access to primary care physicians along the Austin–San Antonio corridor area in central Texas showed that the proposed method effectively minimizes the overestimation of healthcare demand and reflects a more balanced geographic pattern of spatial access than E2SFCA. In addition, by using an adjusted spatial access index, the 3SFCA method indicates strong potential for identifying health professional shortage areas. The study concludes that 3SFCA is a promising method to provide health professionals and decision makers with useful healthcare accessibility information.     

The systematic position of Equus hydruntinus, an extinct species of Pleistocene equid

Palaeolithic people commonly hunted Equus hydruntinus, an extinct species of equid whose cursorial body proportions suggest an adaptation to semi-arid conditions. Despite the frequency with which it is encountered in fossil deposits, only partial cranial remains have been reported until now. As a result, the systematic affiliation of the species remains a subject of controversy. Two nearly complete E. hydruntinus crania are presented here for the first time. These skulls show that E. hydruntinus is a distinct species, more closely related to the hemiones (Asiatic asses) than to any other equid. This suggests that the social organisation of E. hydruntinus followed one of two known equid sociotypes: resource defense territoriality.     

地质钻探高强度铝合金钻杆研制及其应用

铝合金钻杆的设计制造技术属高新技术范畴,世界上只有俄罗斯、美国等少数发达国家能够批量生产。简要介绍了我国地质钻探用铝合金管材研制、铝合金钻杆制造关键技术及野外试验情况,并对今后铝合金钻杆的研发和应用方向提出了建议。项目工作成果对今后我国开发特深孔铝合金绳索取心钻杆和超深孔铝合金钻杆具有重要价值。安徽彭桥煤矿区的铝合金钻杆钻探试验最大孔深超过1000 m,应用效果良好,开辟了我国地质钻探铝合金钻杆在中深孔应用的先河。     

辽河盆地东部地区新老第三纪界面地层剥蚀量研究

辽河盆地新老第三纪地层间断面（N／E）形成于盆地由裂隐发育阶段向坳陷发育阶段转化的过渡时期，界面之下的裂隐沉积地层在早第三纪末期遭受了强烈剥蚀。在运用声波时差资料计算了近40口单井的地层剥蚀量的基础上，分析了地形对地层剥蚀的控制作用，恢复了辽河盆地东部凹陷北就地区N／E间断面地层剥蚀厚度等值线圈。结果显示该区域内N／E间断面地层剥蚀量的横向变化具有北部大、南部小、古河道两侧大、河道所在位置小的特点。     

Burgess and Hoyt in Los Angeles: testing the Chicago models in an automotive-age American city

For much of the twentieth century, the “Chicago models” proposed by E. W. Burgess in the 1920s, Homer Hoyt in the 1930s, and Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in 1945 dominated discussions of the spatial form of cities in the United States. The changes that have subsequently occurred in American urban geography naturally raise questions about the continuing relevance of the models. In recent years, a “Los Angeles School” in geography and urban studies has dismissed the Chicago models as outdated. But the critics have provided little empirical evidence in support of their claims. Identifying exogenous amenities—those of distance from the city center, terrain, and waterfronts—as central elements in the Chicago models, we analyzed the relation of these factors to the patterns of income in Los Angeles and Chicago using spatial statistical regression. The newer, automobile-age city closely follows, while the older city of Chicago deviates substantially from, the patterns predicted in the classical Chicago models. These models may best describe the most recently built American cities and may be more relevant than ever today in explaining the dynamics of urban form.