桂林暴雨天气的多普勒雷达径向速度分析与应用

利用桂林新一带天气雷达径向速度产品资料对2004年发生在桂林的强暴雨过程及其暴雨个例的径向速度平面位置显示产品（PPI）特征的多样性进行分析发现，利用径向速度变化可判断中尺度对流的发展，可对桂林暴雨提前做出预报。     

Impact of Doppler Radar Wind in Simulating the Intensity and Propagation of Rainbands Associated with Mesoscale Convective Complexes Using MM5-3DVAR System

Pre-monsoon rainfall around Kolkata (northeastern part of India) is mostly of convective origin as 80% of the seasonal rainfall is produced by Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS). Accurate prediction of the intensity and structure of these convective cloud clusters becomes challenging, mostly because the convective clouds within these clusters are short lived and the inaccuracy in the models initial state to represent the mesoscale details of the true atmospheric state. Besides the role in observing the internal structure of the precipitating systems, Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) provides an important data source for mesoscale and microscale weather analysis and forecasting. An attempt has been made to initialize the storm-scale numerical model using retrieved wind fields from single Doppler radar. In the present study, Doppler wind velocities from the Kolkata Doppler weather radar are assimilated into a mesoscale model, MM5 model using the three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system for the prediction of intense convective events that occurred during 0600 UTC on 5 May and 0000 UTC on 7 May, 2005. In order to evaluate the impact of the DWR wind data in simulating these severe storms, three experiments were carried out. The results show that assimilation of Doppler radar wind data has a positive impact on the prediction of intensity, organization and propagation of rain bands associated with these mesoscale convective systems. The assimilation system has to be modified further to incorporate the radar reflectivity data so that simulation of the microphysical and thermodynamic structure of these convective storms can be improved.     

714SD多普勒雷达在强降水中的应用

本文针对近几年汕头地区出现的强降水天气，重点开展了多普勒天气雷达速度回波及其产品的应用研究，结合相应的天气背景、物理量变化对强度回波和速度场回波作一些分析，归纳总结出台风、冷锋锋面、暖切变、西南急流、脊后槽前辐合区、东风波等不同天气形势下强降水的类型及其回波特征，并尝试性地解释了一些特殊回波的风场结构和天气现象。     

The June 4th 1999 severe weather episode in San Quirino, Italy: a tornado event?

On the morning of June 4th 1999, a severe weather event took place in San Quirino, a small village of Friuli-Venezia Giulia in the northeast of Italy. This village is located near the piedmont of the Alps, 40 km west from Udine and 60 km north from Venice.Around 0900 UTC (1100 local time), a thunderstorm with an intense hail fall affected the area of San Quirino. A few minutes later (around 0920 UTC, source: a farmer), a funnel cloud from a cumulonimbus touched the ground, producing damages to houses, trees and sheds. The damaged area was quite narrow (about 300 m) and short (less than 10 km). No injuries to people were reported.In spite of the smallness of the area interested by the phenomenon, this storm is studied here starting from the synoptic scale, moving to the mesoscale and finishing with the storm scale, trying to underline its characteristics. These analyses, especially those coming from the Doppler radar images, bring us to the conclusion that the San Quirino episode was produced by a supercell storm.     

我国新一代多普勒天气雷达及其在山西的系统建设

本文介绍了多普勒天气雷达的探测原理和我国“新一代多普勒天气雷达”的基本情况，并进一步对“太原新一代多普革天气雷达”建设的总体设计、布局配置进行了系统分析，对该雷达的基本气象产品及其主要用途进行了分析。     

Elastic waves in visco-elastic half-space generated by various vehicle loads

In this paper, the response of a visco-elastic half-space subjected to moving loads with static and dynamic components is investigated. Four types of vehicle loads are considered, including the moving point load, uniformly distributed wheel load, elastically distributed wheel load, and a train load simulated as a sequence of elastically distributed wheel loads. In each case, the influence of the moving loads traveling in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic ranges on the dynamic responses of the half-space is studied. The parametric study conducted herein enables us to grasp insight into the mechanism of wave propagation for a visco-elastic half-space under moving loads.     

关于大地电磁的静校正问题

本文从理论上严格地论述了大地电磁测深曲线静态位移的原理,简单介绍了目前国内外所采用的静校正方法,并着重分析了我们所用的压制表层电性不均匀干扰的办法及其效果。     

Using tornado climatology to help plan a Doppler radar network

Using the tornado climatology and population statistics for Canada, a method of ranking population centres is proposed. Using as a basis a list of cities and census divisions ranked by population-weighted tornado incidence (a measure of risk), a first estimate is made of where to site 22 Doppler radars. It is estimated that this network will provide protection to about 82% of Canada's population.     

黄淮海地区农村劳动力剩余与转移研究

黄淮海地区农村劳动力的转移历史以1978年为界分为前后两个阶段。劳动就业目前仍集中于农业,农业劳动力多为兼业性的。农村劳动力转移水平普遍较低,地域分异明显,农村劳动力剩余量较大。劳动力转移的基本措施包括促进经济总体增长,提高乡镇企业就业弹性、提高劳动力文化素质、完善小城镇和劳动力市场建设。     

多普勒雷达的速度图像特征及其在一次降雪过程中的应用

该文首先介绍了大面积降水的多普勒天气雷达径向速度PPI图像识别技术, 包括:①冷暖平流与大尺度辐合辐散运动叠加的图像特征; ②由零线的朝向和正负速度面积、径向速度值的大小判断风向风速辐合辐散的图像特征, 然后介绍了利用EVAD技术由雷达基数据定量计算大气平均散度和平均垂直速度的方法, 最后应用图像识别技术和EVAD方法对石家庄2004年冬季的一次大面积降雪过程进行了详细分析, 发现:此次大面积降雪过程有明显的辐合辐散图像特征, 径向速度值小, 辐合辐散弱, 始终存在暖平流。另外, 降雪强度和散度、垂直速度关系密切:辐合层厚度加大, 辐散抬高, 则降雪加强; 辐合、辐散层高度降低, 则降雪减弱。同时, 由EVAD技术定量计算的散度和相同时刻由径向速度图像产品定性分析的辐合、辐散基本一致。