麻粒岩相条件下熔融反应与矿物相转变机制的实验研究

麻粒岩相条件下石榴黑云斜长片麻岩实验结果表明,含水矿物黑云母(Bi)脱水熔融、长英质矿物部分熔融的性质主要受控于温度条件;而矿物相转变不仅受控于温压条件,而且与脱水熔融、部分熔融存在密切成因联系。依据Bi脱水熔融性质和石榴石(Gi)转变反应特征,可划分以下三个阶段:(1)当温度在700℃时,Bi转变为钛铁矿(Ilm)+磁铁矿(Mt)+H_2O,Gt转变为Mt,(2)当温度在730—760℃,Bi脱水熔融为富K_2O熔体(Melt)+Ilm+Mt,Gt转变为紫苏辉石(Hy)+堇青石(Crd);(3)当温度大于790℃时,Bi脱水熔融为Melt+Hy+Ilm+Mt+H_2O,Gt则转变为Hy+尖晶石(Sp)+Crd组合。熔体比例和熔体演化特征除受温压条件控制外,与长英质矿物部分熔融程度和脱水熔融性质关系密切。实验结果显示,在麻粒岩相变质作用以及与其相伴随的重熔作用(或区域性混合岩化作用)过程中,不仅存在传统的固相+固相(或流体相)的反应和脱水熔融反应,而且存在熔体参与的变质反应(即:未熔矿物与熔体之间的反应)。该项实验对深入探讨麻粒岩相矿物演化的成因机制及其动力学意义提供可靠的实验依据。     

极射赤平投影中的数学方法

本文提供了严格依据赤平投影原理并利用空间解析几何知识推导出的公式计算方法，可以写出已知产状的线或面的赤平投影方程，也能计算两线所共的面，两面的交线，线或面之间的夹角以及它们的平分线或平分面，可以进行真倾斜和视倾斜的换算，倾斜和侧伏的换算；模拟线面绕轴的旋转以及恢复节理的原始产状；最后阐述用计算机进行节理统计和绘制极点等密图的原理。所用的向量表示方法直观表达了相关构造要素之间的空间关系，可用于计算机辅助教学，也能用于生产实践，精度可达0.01°。     

辽东岫岩王家堡子地区二长花岗岩U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

辽东半岛岫岩王家堡子地区位于胶-辽-吉造山/活动带中段。本文对该区内的二长花岗岩（龙潭沟岩体与罗圈沟岩体）进行了U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征研究,并探讨了其地质意义。结果表明：龙潭沟岩体与罗圈沟岩体侵位年龄分别为（122.37±0.30）Ma和（124.37±0.91）Ma,年代为早白垩世;二岩体具高SiO₂质量分数,低Mg、Co、Cr、Ni质量分数,富集LREE和LILE,亏损HFSE,说明二者为地壳物质熔融的产物;高Al₂O₃、K₂O质量分数,低Na₂O、MnO和CaO质量分数,高Sr质量分数,低Y、Yb质量分数,富集LILE及LREE,Eu呈负异常,亏损HREE等地球化学特征,也表明二者具有埃达克岩与高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩的性质。龙潭沟岩体岩浆来源于洋壳俯冲导致的加厚陆壳底部基性岩部分熔融,而罗圈沟岩体岩浆则是俯冲洋壳导致地幔物质上涌,使得玄武质下地壳发生部分熔融的结果,并且岩浆受到了地幔橄榄岩的混染。认为龙潭沟岩体与罗圈沟岩体均为碰撞环境中的产物,辽东岫岩王家堡子地区在124~122 Ma处于由古太平洋板块俯冲引起的挤压环境中,构造挤压向拉伸环境的转换应在122~110 Ma之间完成,岩石圈的减薄与破坏也随之开始。     

基于MapObjects 2.1控件的地图投影变换方法的实现

为了在同一地理信息系统内或者不同的地理信息系统之间实现数据交换、配准和共享以及对其进行空间叠加、缓冲区分析、最佳(短)路径分析等空间分析,必须保证其在统一的坐标系下具有相同的地图投影,因此地图投影变换显得尤为重要.采用Visual Basic 6.0作为软件开发平台,利用MapObjects控件编程实现了各种常见地图投影之间的任意变换.     

Cokriging of regionalized compositions

To avoid spurious spatial correlation when analyzing the spatial covariance structure of regionalized compositions, additive-log-ratio transformation can be used. Here, the additive-log-ratio cokriging estimator, derived in a natural way from this transformation, is shown to be invariant under permutation of components of the untransformed regionalized composition. It leads, as expected, to an exact interpolation. As original data, predicted values of the regionalized composition at unknown points add up to the same constant c and lie between 0 and c.     

Modelling of groundwater mound formation resulting from transient recharge

An analytical solution of a linearized Boussinesq equation is obtained to predict water table fluctuations as a result of time varying recharge from a strip basin for any number of recharge cycles. The analytical solution is obtained by using finite Fourier sine transform. Applications of the solution for the prediction of water table fluctuations and sensitivity analysis are demonstrated with the help of example problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

土地整治:中国乡村空间重构的必由之路(英文)

The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed "dual-track" structure of rural-urban development in China as well as unstable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural production, living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation, so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production, living and ecological space, the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carrying out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production, living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land consolidation, hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Finally, the author argues that a "bottom-up" restructuring strategy accompanied by a few "top-down" elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition, the optimization and restructuring of rural production, living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology, policy and mechanism, and mode of rural land consolidation, and more attentions should be paid to rural space, the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development.     

探讨中国区域的WGS-84与PZ-90坐标转换参数

针对全球范围内WGS-84与PZ-90坐标系转换参数不统一问题,结合中国区域GPS全球IGS永久跟踪站坐标,探讨并研究了适合中国的转换参数,对GPS/GLONASS组合应用有重要意义。     

长三角工业化转型的空间分异研究

通过构建工业化转型发展的评价体系,借助于地统计学的空间自相关和空间变异函数,对长三角135个县域单元工业化转型发展水平的空间格局进行研究,结果表明:"扩容"后的长三角工业化发展水平整体上呈现以上海为龙头,沿沪宁、沪杭两个方向扩展,在苏中北和浙西南地带以区域中心城市为增长极向外扩散的特征;中心城市在工业化过程中的空间极化...     

高斯混合模型云变换算法及其在图像分割中的应用

针对启发式云变换只能对一维特征进行变换的缺陷,提出一种基于高斯混合模型的改进云变换方法。通过EM算法和高斯分布的拟合误差求解云模型的数字特征,抽取图像底层概念,从而实现图像分割。通过图像分割实验验证了该算法的有效性。