洮儿河扇形地修建地下水库可行性研究

利用大量实际资料,采用GMS软件建立了白城市洮儿河扇形地立体地质模型,系统研究了区域水文地质条件,应用Surfer软件,采用含水层体积法和水层厚度法计算了地下水库的储存空间,采用动态资料推求、野外试验和室内实验等多种方法确定了主要水文地质参数,重点分析计算了洮儿河扇形地作为地下水库的储水空间、补给水源和调蓄能力,讨论了在该区修建地下水库的可行性及其效果,提出扇形地地下水库设计与建设的有关建议。     

东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带沙三段沉积体系及储层发育规律

为了提高东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带隐蔽油气藏的勘探精度,以层序地层学理论和瓦尔特相律为指导,通过钻井岩芯、测井和地震的三元分析法,综合构造-地层分析,在东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带沙三段共识别出湖底扇、滨浅湖砂坝-风暴、低位盐湖、三角洲、深湖-半深湖等五种沉积体系,分析了主要储层发育期沉积体系的时空展布特征,探讨了层序地层体制下沙三段的沉积体系发育模式及储层发育规律,指出环洼带东部及北部水下河道与坡折带的交汇处是储层的主要发育地带,其沉积体系主要为湖底扇、三角洲沉积体系.     

北喜马拉雅地区下白垩统海底扇沉积环境

北喜马拉雅地区早白垩世沉积以碎屑岩为主，海底扇沉积十分发育。根据沉积岩的矿物成分、结构、构造和产状特征，可将这些海底扇分为6个亚相。根据亚相在空间的排列组合所指示的沉积环境，海底扇的发展过程可划分为萌芽、青春、成熟和消亡四个阶段。在早白垩世早、中期海底扇处于萌芽阶段和青春阶段，沉积岩的砂/?泥比值高，砂岩的矿物成分和结构多样，反映出海岸平原和大陆架较窄，海底坡度较大，从早白垩世开始沉积环境经历了由陆棚向大陆斜坡转移的过程，海平面升高，构造性质主要为水平拉张、裂陷。早白垩世晚期海底扇处于成熟阶段，海岸平原和大陆架宽度加大，砂/?泥比值降低，沉积物以泥质组分为主，富含菱铁矿、钙质结核，少见菊石等生物化石，相变缓慢，水体低能，属于缓倾斜、无明显坡折带的陆缘，反映了北喜马拉雅区的最大海侵事件。由于印度洋扩张、印度板块向北漂移，在早白垩世晚期北喜马拉雅被动陆缘已趋成熟，本区处于大陆斜坡下部强还原的深海-半深海环境。晚白垩世总体上属于海退，海底扇处于消亡阶段，其岩石由泥岩类向砂岩类直至砾岩类演化。白垩纪沉积盆地则相应经历了由陆棚→拉张断陷盆地→陆坡→深海盆地的演变。     

东营中央洼陷带缓坡远岸浊积扇体系序列及其含油气性

通过对东营中央洼陷带沙三段浊积砂体的物源和成因类型分析认为该区在沙三段沉积时期形成了南部物源和东部物源共同起作用的沉积格局。其中，南部的物源影响了整个中央洼陷带，沙三段共形成5套规模较大的缓坡远岸浊积扇序列；而东部的物源只影响东营三角洲前缘的局部地区，形成了一些规模较小的滑塌浊积扇。同时指出梁家楼地区沙三段上亚段底部发育的缓坡远岸浊积扇属于较罕见的大型低位扇体系，并认为东营中央洼陷带沙三段下亚段也具有该类成因扇体的发育条件，其勘探潜力优于沙三段中、上亚段，发现大型的、以缓坡远岸浊积扇为储层的岩性油藏的可能性较大。     

Tectonic controls on spatio-temporal development of depositional systems and generation of fining-upward basin fills in a strike-slip setting: Kyokpori Formation (Cretaceous), south-west Korea

Abstract The Kyokpori Formation (Cretaceous), south‐west Korea, represents a small‐scale lacustrine strike‐slip basin and consists of an ≈ 290 m thick siliciclastic succession with abundant volcaniclasts. The succession can be organized into eight facies associations representing distinctive depositional environments: (I) subaqueous talus; (II) delta plain; (III) steep‐gradient large‐scale delta slope; (IV) base of delta slope to prodelta; (V) small‐scale nested Gilbert‐type delta; (VI) small‐scale delta‐lobe system; (VII) subaqueous fan; and (VIII) basin plain. Facies associations I, III and IV together constitute a large‐scale steep‐sloped delta system. Correlation of the sedimentary succession indicates that the formation comprises two depositional sequences: the lower coarsening‐ to fining‐upward succession (up to 215 m thick) and the upper fining‐upward succession (up to 75 m thick). Based on facies distribution, architecture and correlation of depositional sequences, three stages of basin evolution are reconstructed. Stage 1 is represented by thick coarse‐grained deposits in the lower succession that form subaqueous breccia talus and steep‐sloped gravelly delta systems along the northern and southern basin margins, respectively, and a sandy subaqueous fan system inside the basin, abutting against a basement high. This asymmetric facies distribution suggests a half‐graben structure for the basin, and the thick accumulation of coarse‐grained deposits most likely reflects rapid subsidence of the basin floor during the transtensional opening of the basin. Stage 2 is marked by sandy black shale deposits in the upper part of the lower succession. The black shale is readily correlated across the basin margins, indicating a basinwide transgression probably resulting from large‐scale dip slip suppressing the lateral slip component on basin‐bounding faults. Stage 3 is characterized by gravelly delta‐lobe deposits in the upper succession that are smaller in dimension and located more basinward than the deposits of marginal systems of the lower succession. This lakeward shift of depocentre suggests a loss of accommodation in the basin margins and quiescence of fault movements. This basin evolution model suggests that the rate of dip‐slip displacement on basin‐margin faults can be regarded as the prime control for determining stacking patterns of such basin fills. The resultant basinwide fining‐upward sequences deviate from the coarsening‐upward cycles of other transtensional basins and reveal the variety of stratigraphic architecture in strike‐slip basins controlled by the changes in relative sense and magnitude of fault movements at the basin margins.     

1∶5万区调海底扇填图方法的实践——以川西北壤塘地区三叠系西康群为例

在川西北壤塘地区三叠系西康群海底扇填图实践的基础上 ,从海底扇的沉积特征入手 ,对填图中存在的问题及区调方法、内容进行了分析与探讨 ,提出了岩相—基本层序—组 (地层 )的海底扇填图新方法。     

濮城油田沙三中亚段水下扇的特征

濮城油田沙三中亚段为水下扇沉积，具牵引流和重力流的双重特征。沉积物粒度较细，以细砂岩和粉砂岩为主。垂向层序为正粒序。沙三中亚段具沟道、沟道间、席状砂和泥石流等微相沉积的特征。     

Distribution and land use characteristics of alluvial fans in the Lhasa River Basin,Tibet

In Lhasa River Basin (LRB),land suitable for settlement or living is experiencing a shortage of resources.Alluvial fans have the potential to alleviate this problem.However,basic information,such as the distribution and land use types of alluvial fans,is rarely studied.In this study,Google Earth,ArcGIS and visual interpretation were used to obtain the outlines,areas,quantities and distribution of alluvial fans.Meanwhile,to show the utilisation potential of alluvial fans,we analysed the land use,their distance from the roads,places (town and village) and rivers.The results showed 826 alluvial fans exist in LRB,with a total area of 1166.03 km2.The number of alluvial fans with areas between 0.1 and 1 km2 is 517,ac-counting for 62.59％ of the total number of alluvial fans.Grassland is the dominant land use type,accounting for 68.70％ of the total area of alluvial fans.The cropland area accounted for 2.16％ of alluvial fans and accounted for 18.98％ of the total cropland area in LRB.Exactly 93.70％,53.63％ and 61.86％ of the total number of alluvial fans were located within 5 km from the tertiary road,village,and river,respectively.To sum up,our survey results showed that alluvial fans are important land resources in LRB and may have huge utilisation potential.     

鄂尔多斯盆地庆阳地区晚三叠世延长期长8沉积期物源与沉积体系研究*

通过野外露头古流向实测,结合砂岩骨架矿物、重矿物组合特征,利用碎屑岩地球化学方法,分析了鄂尔多斯盆地庆阳地区晚三叠世延长期长8沉积期的物源。结果显示,研究区长8沉积期古水流主要为SW→NE方向,次为NW→SE、SE→NW方向;重矿物特征具有明显的分区性。长8油层组的REE配分型式为“右倾型”,δEu值平均0.67;其微量元素协变图特征与盆地西南缘陇西古陆中的陇山群基本一致。推测庆阳地区长8油层组母岩主要来自盆地西南缘陇西古陆中上元古—古生界、祁连造山带花岗岩类和秦岭造山带奥陶系—二叠系,源区母岩主要为变质岩和火成岩。通过野外露头资料,结合最新钻探成果,认为长8沉积期研究区主要为扇三角洲沉积体系,发育扇三角洲前缘亚相和(半)深湖亚相浊积扇,而扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道的砂体带,构成了研究区油气聚集的有利相带。     

新疆克拉玛依油田六中区三叠系克下组冲积扇高频基准面旋回与砂体分布型式研究

应用油田开发区密井网资料,对准噶尔盆地克拉玛依油田六中开发区三叠系中统克下亚组冲积扇高分辨率层序发育特征以及不同级次基准面旋回内部砂体的空间展布规律进行了研究。研究表明,该区克下组发育多级基准面上升半旋回,包括3个中期旋回,7个短期旋回及若干超短期旋回,反映了可容空间与沉积物补给速率比值(A/S比值)在纵向上的多级变化发育模式,即在A/S比值总体向上变大的背景上,有多个次级A/S比值向上变大的旋回。随着基准面的上升,砂体从克下组下部的连片状、过渡到中部的宽带状、再变为上部的窄带状。A/S比值控制着辫状水道的迁移,随着A/S比值的增加,砂体宽度和厚度变小。该研究对于油田开发中后期井网调整具有重要指导意义。