四川盆地深部地壳结构——深地震反射剖面探测

四川盆地位于扬子地块的西北部,被褶皱构造带所围绕,受周缘构造带的侧向挤压作用,盆地卷入了多期次和多边界的构造变形,为开展盆山耦合作用及多边界、多期次构造叠加与复合关系的研究提供了不可多得的理想野外实验室.为揭示四川盆地地壳结构,本文通过对3条不同时间采集的深地震反射剖面数据进行拼接联线处理,获得跨越四川盆地的330 km深地震反射偏移成果剖面,揭示了四川盆地地壳上地幔细结构：沉积层从西北向东南逐渐变薄,在龙门山前沉积层厚度超过15 km,在华蓥山下沉积层减薄到~8 km,且褶皱变形形成华蓥山薄皮褶皱冲断带;莫霍面出现在13~15 s（双程走时）,埋深约40~45 km;并发现从下地壳延伸至地幔的东南向的倾斜反射,从13 s向下延伸至18 s,结合四川盆地及其周边地区其他地球物理和地球化学花岗岩同位素年龄等资料,我们认为这些倾斜反射层是扬子克拉通地台西北缘发生的新元古代俯冲的遗迹.

     

新疆尼勒克、巩留县交界6.0级地震测震应急流动台站架设及经验探讨

对新疆尼勒克、巩留交界6.0级地震测震应急流动台站的架设工作进行总结,针对应急流动台站的台址勘选、仪器设备的安装架设形式及数据实时传输等方面进行分析,总结经验,发现不足.期望对今后的地震现场应急流动测震台站的安装架设起到一定的参考作用.     

气候模式模拟中海量数据的并行抽取与可视化分析诊断

在地球动力学和气候模拟等领域, 数值模拟产生的数据规模达到Tb至Pb量级。 实现这些海量数据的实时可视化和实时诊断分析面临很大的困难, 时空多尺度数据抽取可以解决这一瓶颈。 高精度数据的可视化结果展示需要高分辨率的显示设备, 并行的大屏幕显示技术是解决这一问题的有效手段。 地球科学数值模拟、 并行数据抽取和高分辨率显示都需要搭建高性能计算机集群。 本文在基于Lagrange插值的多维度、 多尺度、 多分辨率并行数据抽取算法的同时, 利用并行计算节点及LCD显示器, 基于Rocks cluster系统搭建起一个176核, 4×10×1024×1280分辨率的高性能计算模拟、 数据抽取和并行显示输出的集成平台, 并将该平台成功应用到气候模式模拟产生的海量数据的并行抽取和并行显示。     

An accessible strong-motion dataset (PGA,PGV, and site vS30) of 2022 MS6.8 Luding,China Earthquake

A M_S6.8 earthquake occurred on 5th September 2022 in Luding county, Sichuan, China, at 12: 52 Beijing Time(4:52 UTC). We complied a dataset of PGA, PGV, and site v_S30 of 73 accelerometers and 791 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within 300 km of the epicenter. The inferred v_S30 of 820 recording sites were validated. The study results show that:(1)The maximum horizontal PGA and PGV reaches 634.1 Gal and 71.1 cm/s respectively.(2) Over 80% of records ar...     

Seismic analysis of underground tunnels by the 2.5D finite/infinite element approach

A procedure for the seismic analysis of underground tunnels using recorded free-field earthquakes based on the 2.5D finite/infinite element approach is presented. The near and far fields of the half space are modeled by finite and infinite elements, respectively. Using the 1D wave theory, the nodal force and displacement on the near-field boundary are computed for each spectral frequency of the earthquake. Then, equivalent seismic forces are computed for the near-field boundary for the earthquake spectrum. By assuming the soil-tunnel system to be uniform along the tunnel axis, the 2.5D approach can account for the wave transmission along the tunnel axis, which reduces to the 2D case for infinite transmission velocity. The horizontal and vertical components of the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake (TCU068) are adopted as the free-field motions in the numerical analysis. The maximal stresses and distribution patterns of the tunnel section under the P- and SV-waves are thoroughly studied by the 2.5D and 2D approaches, which should prove useful to the design of underground tunnels.     

Scattered ground‐roll attenuation using model‐driven interferometry

Scattered ground roll is a type of noise observed in land seismic data that can be particularly difficult to suppress. Typically, this type of noise cannot be removed using conventional velocity‐based filters. In this paper, we discuss a model‐driven form of seismic interferometry that allows suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise in land seismic data. The conventional cross‐correlate and stack interferometry approach results in scattered noise estimates between two receiver locations (i.e. as if one of the receivers had been replaced by a source). For noise suppression, this requires that each source we wish to attenuate the noise from is co‐located with a receiver. The model‐driven form differs, as the use of a simple model in place of one of the inputs for interferometry allows the scattered noise estimate to be made between a source and a receiver. This allows the method to be more flexible, as co‐location of sources and receivers is not required, and the method can be applied to data sets with a variety of different acquisition geometries. A simple plane‐wave model is used, allowing the method to remain relatively data driven, with weighting factors for the plane waves determined using a least‐squares solution. Using a number of both synthetic and real two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) land seismic data sets, we show that this model‐driven approach provides effective results, allowing suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise without having an adverse effect on the underlying signal.     

Monitoring Contact State of Laboratory Fault with Coda Transmission Waves

We monitored the amplitude changes of coda transmission waves around 500kHz across the frictional interface of a simulated 1.5-meter-long fault during normal stress holding test. We find that the amplitude of coda transmission waves increases with the logarithm of stationary contact time. Localized increase amounted to a level ranging from 4% to 16% along the fault is observed during the 1-hour experiment. We discuss that the frictional strength at mesoscopic scale, which is related to the amplitude of coda transmission waves, is responsible for the phenomenon. Combining the reported method with other complementary approaches will enhance the understanding of fault mechanism either at laboratory or on-site applications.     

对修订现行工业CT相关国家标准的建议

2012年以来我国发布了一系列关于工业CT的国家标准。虽然起到了相当的积极作用,但是仍然暴露出一些明显的不足之处。本文就名词术语标准的制定、空间分辨率的检测条件、对比度分辨率、低对比度空间分辨率、加强对于圆盘模体测定技术的研究和测定透射散射比等问题提出若干修订的建议。     

Intra-survey reservoir fluctuations – implications for quantitative 4D seismic analysis

During the time taken for seismic data to be acquired, reservoir pressure may fluctuate as a consequence of field production and operational procedures and fluid fronts may move significantly. These variations prevent accurate quantitative measurement of the reservoir change using 4D seismic data. Modelling studies on the Norne field simulation model using acquisition data from ocean-bottom seismometer and towed streamer systems indicate that the pre-stack intra-survey reservoir fluctuations are important and cannot be neglected. Similarly, the time-lapse seismic image in the post-stack domain does not represent a difference between two states of the reservoir at a unique base and monitor time, but is a mixed version of reality that depends on the sequence and timing of seismic shooting. The outcome is a lack of accuracy in the measurement of reservoir changes using the resulting processed and stacked 4D seismic data. Even for perfect spatial repeatability between surveys, a spatially variant noise floor is still anticipated to remain. For our particular North Sea acquisition data, we find that towed streamer data are more affected than the ocean-bottom seismometer data. We think that this may be typical for towed streamers due to their restricted aperture compared to ocean-bottom seismometer acquisitions, even for a favourable time sequence of shooting and spatial repeatability. Importantly, the pressure signals on the near and far offset stacks commonly used in quantitative 4D seismic inversion are found to be inconsistent due to the acquisition timestamp. Saturation changes at the boundaries of fluid fronts appear to show a similar inconsistency across sub-stacks. We recommend that 4D data are shot in a consistent manner to optimize aerial time coverage, and that additionally, the timestamp of the acquisition should be used to optimize pre-stack quantitative reservoir analysis.