地基微波辐射仪监测的张掖大气水汽含量与雨强的关系

地基微波遥感具有反演大气水汽的能力,其具有的高时间分辨率,为分析降水过程的水汽含量变化提供了新的手段。用2005年6～7月的微波反演的水汽含量,分析了张掖降水过程的大气水汽含量变化情况。结果表明:张掖甘州降水发生的前提是大气水汽含量需达到某一阈值(夏季为27 mm),而且雨强与大气水汽含量在时间上呈同步分布,这种分布结构与中国东部季风气候区的情况存在差异,后者雨强的峰值滞后于大气水汽含量几小时。     

Media framing of aquaculture

Norway is the world's largest producer of farmed salmon. Aquaculture is the country's second largest export industry and thus vital for employment in coastal areas of Norway. The industry is dependent on public acceptance and good standing in local communities in order to gain access to new sites and to be able to sell its product. Public opinion (and assumptions about public opinion) on aquaculture may influence the industry's framework conditions and policy. Being located in coastal and rural areas, the industry must rely on the media to spread information to the public about the industry. Therefore, the media are an important source of information about farmed salmon, and the way the media present aquaculture issues has an impact on public opinion as well as authorities. This article examines how the aquaculture industry is portrayed in Norwegian newspapers and discusses how media topics and media framing may influence public opinion. The analysis shows that the most frequent topics covered in Norwegian newspapers are connected to the environment, aquaculture industry, and politics, where the concerns about the environment are dominant within the risk frame. The negative images portrayed by the media have a strong agenda-setting force and may skew public opinion to a narrow focus on environmental risks, influencing both the debate's content and the regulators’ increased emphasis on environmental risks. This is strengthened further by the focus on sustainability, where the focus is solely on the dimension of environment, making other sustainability dimensions less prominent in the media coverage.     

提取深部铀矿直接找矿信息的相量化探新方法

本文介绍了勘查地球化学的新进展——相量化探找矿新方法及其特点、应用,并对新方法的找矿机制从理论上进行了初步探讨。     

THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING IONOSPHERIC TEC BACKGROUND FIELD BASED ON SVR MODEL

There are many factors related to the variations of TEC, and the changes of TEC caused by earthquake only occupy a small portion. Therefore, it is vital how to exclude the ionospheric interference of non-seismic factors accurately in the process of seismic ionospheric anomaly extraction. This study constructed a TEC non-seismic dynamic background field considering the influence of solar and geomagnetic activities. Firstly, the TEC components of half-year cycle and annual cycle are extracted by wavelet decomposition. Then, it establishes a regression model between TEC in which periodic factors are removed and solar activity index, geomagnetic activity index with SVR method(support vector regression)in non-seismic period. Finally, based on the constructed model, the solar activity index and geomagnetic activity index is used to reconstruct aperiodic components of TEC in earthquake's period. From the reconstructed aperiodic components of TEC plus the half-year periodic components and annual periodic components of TEC in the same period, the non-seismic dynamic background field is obtained. Comparing the residuals relative to original TEC values in non-seismic dynamic background field and traditional sliding window background, there are apparent monthly periodic change and semi-annual periodic change in the residuals of sliding window background, which can have obvious impacts on the subsequent seismic ionospheric anomaly detection. In order to test the validity of seismic TEC anomaly detection based on the background field construction method, this paper investigated the long time series TEC anomalies near Wenchuan city(30°N, 100°E)from March 1 to September 26 in 2008. It is found that under the condition of non-seismic disturbance such as solar activity and geomagnetic activity, TEC abnormal disturbance is rarely detected by non-seismic dynamic background field method, when compared with the traditional sliding time-window method. And before the earthquake, more TEC anomalies were detected based on the proposed method, also, they were more intense than those extracted by sliding window method. Therefore, the TEC background field construction method based on SVR(support vector regression)has superiorities in both system errors elimination, which are caused by solar, geomagnetism, the non-seismic ionospheric disturbance events and periodic fluctuations of TEC, and in reducing the false alarm rate of seismic TEC anomaly. Moreover, it can also improve the seismic TEC anomaly detection ability. In addition, this paper analyzed the time-spatial distribution of TEC anomaly before three earthquakes on May 12, August 21 and August 30, 2008. They were mainly negative abnormal perturbations and often distributed on the equatorial side of epicenter.     

2015年3月磁暴期间中国中低纬地区电离层变化分析

2015年3月17日爆发了本太阳活动周最大的地磁暴,Dst指数达到-233 nT.本文利用电离层测高仪f_。F_2和h_mF_2、北斗同步卫星(BDSGEO)TEC以及GPS电离层闪烁S4指数对此次磁暴期间中国中低纬地区(北京、武汉、邵阳和三亚)的电离层变化进行分析,并对此次磁暴所引发电离层暴的可能机制进行了探讨.磁暴期间,中低纬电离层暴整体表现为正相暴之后长时间强的负相暴.3月17日白天中纬正相暴为风场抬升电离层所致,而驼峰区及低纬地区正相暴由东向穿透电场所引起;3月18日白天长时间的强负相暴为西向扰动发电机电场和成分扰动所引起;3月17和18日夜间的负相暴可能是日落东向电场受到抑制以及赤道向风场对扩散的抑制导致驼峰向赤道压缩所致,同时被抑制的日落东向电场强度不足以触发产生赤道扩展F,导致低纬三亚和邵阳夜间电离层闪烁在磁暴期间受到完全抑制.这是我们首次基于北斗同步卫星TEC组网观测开展的电离层暴研究.     

Kalman滤波在地震电离层TEC异常探测中的应用

基于中国地壳运动观测网络GPS观测资料解算的电离层TEC数据,利用Kalman滤波方法对2008年5月12日汶川Ms8.0地震前的电离层TEC进行异常探测研究,并与以前的处理结果进行对比,对比结果表明：利用Kalman滤波方法能够有效地探测到震前的电离层TEC异常扰动。     

Athens地区电离层TEC、NmF2以及板厚

本文使用Athens站2001—2005年间电离层GPS/TEC和f_oF₂数据,分析了TEC、N_mF₂和电离层板厚τ日变化、季节变化特征以及与太阳活动的统计关系,得到以下结论:电离层TEC和N_mF₂具有相似的日变化特征,最大值出现在14∶00LT;TEC在2001和2002年白天出现"冬季异常"现象,N_mF₂在2001—2005年白天均出现该现象;电离层板厚τ主要分布在200~600 km,存在黎明峰和日落峰双峰结构,黎明峰一般出现在5∶00—6∶00LT,日落峰结构一般从日落后开始出现,在午夜前达到极大值;14∶00LT和2∶00LT时刻TEC、N_mF₂同太阳活动的关系呈现"线性"、"饱和"以及"放大"趋势,而τ则出现正、负及不明显的线性关系;最后,我们分析认为黎明峰归因于电离层TEC增加以及N_mF₂的减少,而日落峰主要是由TEC减少速度低于N_mF₂造成的.     

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?????????????TEC??????????(??????????????????λ?????????λ????)???????????????????TEC????????в??????TEC?????????????TEC??????н????????????????????????????????????й??????????????GNSS???????????????TEC?????????????????????8.0?????????з????????????÷????????????Ч?????????????TEC?????????     

煤的灰份、镜质组份指标在煤层对比中的应用——以库车阿艾煤矿区克孜勒库坦东部为例

以大量钻孔煤心化验成果及煤岩鉴定特征资料为基础,通过分析研究,利用各煤层煤的灰份、镜质组份指标的差异性进行煤层对比,很好地解决勘查中各煤层的编号归属.     

2003年1 0月29～31日太阳耀斑对中国大陆电离层扰动的GPS监测与分析

利用“中国地壳运动观测网络”工程中28个GPS基准站和中国周边地区10个IGS站的GPS观测数据,研究了2003年10月29日～31日期间,X10级太阳耀斑引起的中国大陆电离层总电子含量(TEC)的变化特征,分析了本次太阳磁暴对我国不同地区电离层的影响。结果表明。太阳耀斑对中国大陆电离层的影响从29日中午10～1l时开始,其影响强度与纬度有关,纬度越低。影响越大。且自东向西移动。TEC最大值达到120TEC。峰值比正常情况下高40多个TECU;且下午电离层对耀斑的响应强烈。