冬季南海北行航线分析

利用多个卫星高度计融合资料,分析了南海冬季（1月）3年（2006～2008年）平均的风场特征和海况条件。结果显示：南海东北部和台湾海峡、巴士海峡的风力和浪高都最大,其次是南海西南部海域的风力和浪高较大,其余海域的风力和浪高较小。根据这些特点,从船舶航行的安全性和经济性上考虑,设计了南海冬季北行的4条航线：从马六甲海峡直接行驶到台湾海峡的最短航线、躲避南海西南部大风大浪区和台湾以南的大浪区的航线、躲避台湾海峡的大风而绕行台湾以东的航线以及比较安全但是航线很长的航线。船长可以根据南海冬季大风大浪的情况选择避风航行的最佳航线。H轮在2005年1月行驶到南海时躲避大风大浪的实例说明大风大浪对船舶安全性的影响非常显著。     

一种高分辨率遥感图像舰船检测方法研究

本文针对传统舰船检测方法在复杂海况条件下检测结果不佳,易造成大量虚警的问题,提出了在利用自适应分割算法进行舰船快速筛选的基础上采用方向梯度直方图(HOG)特征提取舰船的边缘结构信息,通过监督学习进行舰船检测虚警滤除的新算法。与现有算法相比,这种算法克服了由云、浪造成的舰船目标虚警滤除问题,在保证鲁棒性的同时兼顾了算法效率,并使用该方法对遥感图像进行了检测试验。     

CYF-0.2型油水分离器的台架试验

对CYF-0.2型油水分离器进行了台架试验,并对其分离效果的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:该油水分离器的分离效果为10mg/L以下,满足国家规定的排放标准(15mg/L);水的流速、温度、压力以及水中污油的种类等是影响油水分离器分离效果的主要因素。     

应用柔性气囊技术增强船舶不沉性

遇险船舶遭受着浮性损失或稳性损失 ,这种损失无限制的增大 ,必将导致船舶的沉没。论述了应用柔性气囊技术 ,解决遇险船舶在浮性损失或稳性增大时而沉没的问题。柔性气囊对船体的作用力位于船舷之外。当用气囊弥补浮力损失时 ,基本上都可使浮力位于受损船舱附近 ,因此能同时减缓或消除浮力损失及倾覆力矩。当主要用其来扶正船体时 ,它所产生的扶正力臂长、扶正力矩大 ,能有效减缓或消除倾覆力矩的影响 ,并且船舶恢复正位后 ,不存在过剩力矩。空气相对于水体更容易控制。因此 ,采用气囊具有更高的灵活性。     

高密度地震映象勘查方法及应用实例

介绍了高密度地震映象勘查方法，论述了其不同于常规浅层地震反射波法的特点；并通过陆上和水域3个工程地质勘察实例¾地下空洞勘查、江底沉船探测以及河道淤泥层厚度调查，阐述了该方法技术的应用效果.      

海上航船分布及其对海洋环境噪声的影响

当代水下目标探测向低频远程发展,海洋环境噪声的低频特性倍受关注,航船噪声是海洋中的主要低频噪声源。近几十年来,海上航运量迅速增长,导致海洋环境低频噪声大幅升高,增加了海洋环境的噪声污染。本文依据港口进出航船信息库和船舶自动识别技术数据库资料,分析历史航船分布数据,依据获得的某开阔海域航船分布规律,建立数值模型估计了航船噪声源对低频海洋环境噪声特征的影响。结果表明,日进、出港的航船数近似满足正态分布,近海开阔海域单位面积、单位时间内的航船数近似满足泊松分布;由于海上航船的影响,海洋环境噪声强度呈明显的水平非均匀分布状态。     

Wash Waves Generated by High Speed Displacement Ships

It is difficult to compute far-field waves in a relative large area by using one wave generation model when a large calculation domain is needed because of large dimensions of the waterway and long distance of the required computing points. Variation of waterway bathymetry and nonlinearity in the far field cannot be included in a ship fixed process either. A coupled method combining a wave generation model and wave propagation model is then used in this paper to simulate the wash waves generated by the passing ship. A NURBS-based higher order panel method is adopted as the stationary wave generation model; a wave spectrum method and Boussinesq-type equation wave model are used as the wave propagation model for the constant water depth condition and variable water depth condition, respectively. The waves calculated by the NURBS-based higher order panel method in the near field are used as the input for the wave spectrum method and the Boussinesq-type equation wave model to obtain the far-field waves. With this approach it is possible to simulate the ship wash waves including the effects of water depth and waterway bathymetry. Parts of the calculated results are validated experimentally, and the agreement is demonstrated. The effects of ship wash waves on the moored ship are discussed by using a diffraction theory method. The results indicate that the prediction of the ship induced waves by coupling models is feasible.     

System Identification Modeling of Ship Manoeuvring Motion in 4 Degrees of Freedom Based on Support Vector Machines

Based on support vector machines, three modeling methods, i.e., white-box modeling, grey-box modeling and black-box modeling of ship manoeuvring motion in 4 degrees of freedom are investigated. With the whole-ship mathematical model for ship manoeuvring motion, in which the hydrodynamic coefficients are obtained from roll planar motion mechanism test, some zigzag tests and turning circle manoeuvres are simulated. In the white-box modeling and grey-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 20°/20° zigzag test are used, while in the black-box modeling, the training data taken every 5 s from the simulated 15°/15°, 20°/20° zigzag tests and 15°, 25° turning manoeuvres are used; and the trained support vector machines are used to predict the whole 20°/20° zigzag test. Comparisons between the simulated and predicted 20?/20° zigzag tests show good predictive ability of the proposed methods. Besides, all mathematical models obtained by the proposed modeling methods are used to predict the 10°/10° zigzag test and 35° turning circle manoeuvre, and the predicted results are compared with those of simulation tests to demonstrate the good generalization performance of the mathematical models. Finally, the proposed modeling methods are analyzed and compared with each other in aspects of application conditions, prediction accuracy and computation speed. The appropriate modeling method can be chosen according to the intended use of the mathematical models and the available data needed for system identification.     

基于RTK的船载电子罗盘现场标定方法研究

介绍电子罗盘的原理、误差特性及误差补偿方程,提出一种针对便携式遥控测量船的电子罗盘误差补偿测量方法;该方法可以实现误差补偿测量自动化和便携式遥控测量船野外现场标定。实验表明,该误差补偿测量方法灵活有效,满足便携式遥控测量船的导航需求。