利用Jason-1卫星确定全球平均海面高

介绍了卫星测高数据处理的基本方法,分析研究了卫星测高的主要误差,提出了Jason-1的数据编辑准则,并用其测高数据确定了全球平均海面高,与CLS01模型进行了比较分析.     

Effects of onshore and offshore topography on sea breeze circulation: An observational study at eastern Attica,Greece

Field measurements of wind, air temperature and humidity were taken at the eastern part of the Attika district in June 1991, to examine the topographic influences exerted on the local sea breezes. These influences are due either to the elongated Evia island, faced by the northern half of Attica coastline some tens of kilometers offshore, or to the coast-parallel range of Hymettos mountain, rising steeply 12 km onshore. The instrumentation consisted mainly of three tethered meteorological balloons released at characteristic sires (i.e., the coast, a location between shoreline and mountain foot and the mountain top) and three autographic ground-based anemometers operating at selected locations. Data from the ground-based and upper air stations of the Hellenic National Meteorological Service, as well as the diurnal weather maps were also obtained and analyzed. Observations were made under different synoptic wind and the latter was found to determine remarkably the significance of the topographic effects. A preliminary two-dimensional numerical approach was also made concerning the sea breeze capability to reach the Hymettos mountain top in the case of a weak opposing geostrophic flow.     

南极海冰、冰穴和冰川冰及其对水团形成和变性的作用

本文利用前人的成果及笔者1992/1993年的南极海冰观测和收集的资料以及水文观测资料数据阐述了南极海冰的特性,特别是南极海冰过程、冰穴以及冰川冰对南极水团(南极表层水、南极底层水、南极陆架水、南极中层水以及南极冰架水)的形成和变性所起的特殊作用。 南极海冰覆盖面积的年际变化,夏季最大年份是最小年份的2倍多,冬季年间变化较小,最大仅为20％;但其季节变化非常大,冬季平均覆盖面积通常是夏季的5倍。南极海冰对大气-海洋间相互作用有重大影响,特别是深海洋区中冬季的结冰和发育造成的垂向对流、夏季的融化是形成南极表层水(含南极冬季水和南极夏季表层水),进而形成南极中层水的主要原因;南极陆架区的的海冰兴衰过程是形成南极陆架水的直接原因,它与变性南极绕极深层水混合并受到冰川冰的进一步冷却作用,成为形成南极底层水的主要水团;南极冰架底部的冷却、融化和冰架以下水体的结冰作用形成的高盐对流过程产生的南极冰架水,亦是形成南极底层水的贡献者。 冰穴是70年代以来卫星观测的重大发现。对其形成和对大气、海洋的影响作用尚不完全清楚,初步的研究成果表明,冰穴中产生的热盐对流对南极水团的形成、变性、大洋深层的翻转以及海洋-大气间的热量传输和气体交换起有非常重要的作用。     

Sedimentary Features of Shallow Ancient River Channels on the Northern Shelf of the South China Sea

Quaternary buried ancient river channels are widespread in the shallow-level sediments of the northern shelf of the South China Sea. The sedimentary sequence mainly of fluvial deposits comprise an important component part of the low-stand system tract and transgressive system tract in the study region. The plannar variation and spatial association of the sedimentary features such as incised valley fillings, deltaic foreset wedges and block slides of shelf-marginal fans reflect the palaeogeographic environment during the fall of the regional sea level in the northern part of the South China Sea. Based on the high-resolution seismic reflection data and gelogical data from boreholes, the present paper makes an integrated interpretation of the Quaternary ancient river channels in the shallow sediments of the study area, studies the sedimentary features of the ancient channels such as their spatial distribution, seismic facies reflection indicators, sedimentary facies and sand -body types, and discusses thei     

大洋粘土制备白炭黑后的铝回收实验研究

为了回收大洋粘土制备白炭黑后残液中的Al3 ,并获得氧化铝超细粉体,实验选用NH3.H2O为沉淀剂,在常温下采用沉淀法使残液中Al3 以氢氧化铝形式沉淀并去除其它杂质离子,然后将得到的沉淀在1200℃灼烧,保温1h。利用IR和XRD测试了产物的物相组成和结构,证实实验可以获得纯度较高的α-Al2O3;而SEM和粒度分析结果显示产物粒度细小,部分颗粒可以达到纳米级;BET结果显示Al2O3的比表面积可达32m2/g。根据氧化铝结构和性能等优选的实验条件为大洋粘土的进一步开发利用提供了参考依据。     

甜水海微陆块上二叠系地层的厘定及其特征

笔者在《岔路口》等四幅1：25万区域地质调查工作中，在红山湖一带从前人所划的石炭系地层中解体出一套二叠系地层，并对其进行了详细的岩石地层、生物地层和层序地层研究，拟新命名为红山湖组，时代为中二叠世。该地层为甜水海微陆块上稳定型的碳酸盐岩建造，与陆块南北两侧二叠系特征截然不同。该套地层的发现填补了微陆块上二叠系地层的空白，对古特提斯多岛洋研究具有重要意义。     

滨里海盆地东缘阿克纠宾地区遥感地质及地球物理场研究

 以图像处理、GIS为平台，对哈萨克斯坦阿克纠宾地区的重、磁、电、遥感及地震资料进行了综合分析。指出，该地区重、磁力资料信息含量较高，对于确定盐下构造分布具有积极意义。使用遥感资料对小断层及裂隙发育状况进行研究，有助于裂隙孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏开发注水效率的提高。同时可对扎纳若尔、阿里别克莫拉等油田的井网状况进行监控和地面设施进行调查。     

On Extending The Flux-Profile Similarity Theory To Include Quasi-Homogeneous Conditions In The Marine Atmospheric Surface Layer

In order to apply Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to estimatethe profiles of mean quantities and surface fluxes from bulk meteorological parameters, the assumptions of homogeneityand stationarity must be valid. Unfortunately, in coastal zones as well as many other regions of interest, theseassumptions are often violated. In this paper, an extension to the theory is presented that considers systematically varyingstate variables. Along-wind variations of windspeed, atmospheric stratification, and roughness are examined with respectto their relative importance to momentum flux divergence, and the drag coefficient is shown to be systematicallylower in coastal zones. For profiles of scalars, an analysis of the set of quasi-homogeneous terms is only speculated,and the relative importance for the terms will strongly depend on which scalar is of interest.     

福建福安下白石特大桥海上岩土勘察方法

下白石特大桥是同江至三亚国道主干线福鼎至宁德高速公路建设中的一项控制性工程 ,是交通部指定的三阶段设计工程 ,桥长 110 5 m,主跨采用 2× 2 6 0 m预应力混凝土连续钢构。桥位位于白马河入海口处 ,工程地质、水文地质条件复杂 ,通过采用地表大面积的综合地质调查、海上地震映像物探以及海上钻探、原位测试、岩土测试等一系列行之有效的岩土勘察方法 ,确保了岩土工程勘察质量 ,其结果切实可行 ,为后期施工单位提供科学依据。     

中下扬子区二叠系露头层序地层研究

按新近国际年代地层划分方案（ICS，2000），下扬子区二叠纪地层自下向上分为3统，9阶和相对应的华南传统6阶划分。二叠系从阿瑟尔阶至长兴阶（44Ma)共划分出14个三级层序，每个三级层序平均时限约为3.14Ma，其中“紫松阶”）相当阿瑟尔＋2／3萨克马尔阶）1个（船山组中上部）、“隆林阶、（相当1／3萨克马尔阶＋阿丁斯克阶）2个（分别对应船山组上部和梁山组或镇江组）、“栖霞阶”（相当库班甘德阶＋1／3罗德阶）3个（栖霞组），“茅口阶”（相当于2／3罗德阶＋沃德阶＋卡皮丹阶）4个（孤峰组，茅口组，堰桥组，银屏组和武穴组），吴家坪阶2个（龙潭组或吴家坪组），长兴阶2个（长兴组或大隆组）；共归并为4个层序组（sequence set)。